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Current activity recognition techniques (i) do not handle variations in sequence, concurrency and interleaving of complex activities; (ii) do not incorporate context; and (iii) require large amounts of training data. There is a lack of a unifying theoretical framework which exploits both domain knowledge and data-driven observations to infer complex activities. In this article, we propose, develop and validate a novel Context-Driven Activity Theory (CDAT) for recognizing complex activities. We develop a mechanism using probabilistic and Markov chain analysis to discover complex activity signatures and generate complex activity definitions. We also develop a Complex Activity Recognition (CAR) algorithm. It achieves an overall accuracy of 95.73% using extensive experimentation with real-life test data. CDAT utilizes context and links complex activities to situations, which reduces inference time by 32.5% and also reduces training data by 66%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2490832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T13:31:00Z","timestamp":1390311060000},"page":"1-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Complex activity recognition using context-driven activity theory and activity signatures"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Saguna","family":"Saguna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University and Lule\u00e5 University of Technology, Lule\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arkady","family":"Zaslavsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIRO and Lule\u00e5 University of Technology, Lule\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dipanjan","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Research, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.36.7.715"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344949.344988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PERCOM.2007.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2007.11.007"},{"volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2010","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1"},{"volume-title":"Proc. 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