{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T00:21:09Z","timestamp":1772842869002,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004054","name":"King Abdulaziz University of Saudi Arabia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The classical\n            <jats:italic>activity cycle diagram<\/jats:italic>\n            (ACD), which is a bipartite directed graph, is easy to learn and use for describing the dynamic behavior of a\n            <jats:italic>discrete-event system<\/jats:italic>\n            . However, the complexity of the classical ACD model increases rapidly as the system size increases. This article presents an enriched ACD called the\n            <jats:italic>parameterized<\/jats:italic>\n            ACD (P-ACD). In P-ACD, each node is allowed to have\n            <jats:italic>parameter variables<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>parameter values<\/jats:italic>\n            are passed to the parameter variables through a\n            <jats:italic>directed arc<\/jats:italic>\n            . This article demonstrates how a\n            <jats:italic>single<\/jats:italic>\n            P-ACD model can be used to represent an entire\n            <jats:italic>class<\/jats:italic>\n            of very large-scale systems instead of requiring\n            <jats:italic>different<\/jats:italic>\n            ACD models for every\n            <jats:italic>instance<\/jats:italic>\n            . We also illustrate that the well-known activity scanning algorithm can be used to execute a P-ACD model. A prototype P-ACD simulator implemented in C# programming language is provided, and an illustrative example of a conveyor-driven serial production line with the prototype simulator is presented to illustrate construction and execution of a P-ACD model. In addition, it is demonstrated that the proposed P-ACD allows an effective and concise modeling of a job shop, which was not possible with the classical ACD.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2501593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,17]],"date-time":"2013-12-17T13:36:15Z","timestamp":1387287375000},"page":"1-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Parameterized activity cycle diagram and its application"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Byoung K.","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KAIST\/King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Donghun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Taesik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Arwa A.","family":"Jamjoom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Maysoon F.","family":"Abulkhair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/5.3.194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Simulation of Manufacturing Systems","author":"Carrie A.","unstructured":"Carrie , A. 1988. Simulation of Manufacturing Systems . John Wiley & Sons . Carrie, A. 1988. Simulation of Manufacturing Systems. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi B. K. and Kang D. 2013. Modeling and Simulation of Discrete Event Systems. John Wiley & Sons.   Choi B. K. and Kang D. 2013. Modeling and Simulation of Discrete Event Systems. John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118732793"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/318242.318274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual Simulation Symposium. IEEE, Piscataway, N.J., 157--164","author":"Filho W. A.","unstructured":"Filho , W. A. and Hirata , C . 2004. Translating activity cycle diagrams to Java simulation programs . In Proceedings of the 37th Annual Simulation Symposium. IEEE, Piscataway, N.J., 157--164 . Filho, W. A. and Hirata, C. 2004. Translating activity cycle diagrams to Java simulation programs. In Proceedings of the 37th Annual Simulation Symposium. IEEE, Piscataway, N.J., 157--164."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549704044882"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1061\/JCCEAZ.0000712","article-title":"CYCLONE\u2014Method for modeling job site processes","volume":"103","author":"Halpin D. W.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Halpin , D. W. 1977 . CYCLONE\u2014Method for modeling job site processes . J. Construct. Div. ASCE 103 , 3, 489 -- 499 . Halpin, D. W. 1977. CYCLONE\u2014Method for modeling job site processes. J. Construct. Div. ASCE 103, 3, 489--499.","journal-title":"J. Construct. Div. ASCE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.1994.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th European Conference on Modeling and Simulation. 169--174","author":"Kang D.","unstructured":"Kang , D. and Choi , B. K . 2010. Visual modeling and simulation toolkit for activity cycle diagram . In Proceedings of the 24th European Conference on Modeling and Simulation. 169--174 . Kang, D. and Choi, B. K. 2010. Visual modeling and simulation toolkit for activity cycle diagram. In Proceedings of the 24th European Conference on Modeling and Simulation. 169--174."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simpat.2010.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1994 Winter Simulation Conference. 600--610","author":"Kienbaum G.","unstructured":"Kienbaum , G. and Paul , R. J . 1994. H-ACD: Hierarchical activity cycle diagrams for object-oriented simulation modeling . In Proceedings of the 1994 Winter Simulation Conference. 600--610 . Kienbaum, G. and Paul, R. J. 1994. H-ACD: Hierarchical activity cycle diagrams for object-oriented simulation modeling. In Proceedings of the 1994 Winter Simulation Conference. 600--610."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1994 Winter Simulation Conference. 1159--1166","author":"Martinez J. C.","unstructured":"Martinez , J. C. and Ioannou , P. G . 1994. General purpose simulation with STROBOSCOPE . In Proceedings of the 1994 Winter Simulation Conference. 1159--1166 . Martinez, J. C. and Ioannou, P. G. 1994. General purpose simulation with STROBOSCOPE. In Proceedings of the 1994 Winter Simulation Conference. 1159--1166."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/564124.564353"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.1985.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.1987.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Petri Net Theory and the Modeling of Systems","author":"Peterson J. L.","unstructured":"Peterson , J. L. 1981. Petri Net Theory and the Modeling of Systems . Prentice-Hall . Peterson, J. L. 1981. Petri Net Theory and the Modeling of Systems. Prentice-Hall."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Simulation software: Not the same yesterday, today or forever","volume":"1","author":"Pidd M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pidd , M. and Carvalho , A. 2006 . Simulation software: Not the same yesterday, today or forever . J. Simul.-T. Soc. Mod. Sim. 1 , 1, 7 -- 20 . Pidd, M. and Carvalho, A. 2006. Simulation software: Not the same yesterday, today or forever. J. Simul.-T. Soc. Mod. Sim. 1, 1, 7--20.","journal-title":"J. Simul.-T. Soc. Mod. Sim."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.1030.0053"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/182.358460"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Graphical Simulation Modeling and Analysis: Using SIGMA for Windows. Boyd & Fraser","author":"Schruben L. W.","unstructured":"Schruben , L. W. 1995. Graphical Simulation Modeling and Analysis: Using SIGMA for Windows. Boyd & Fraser , Danvers, MA . Schruben, L. W. 1995. Graphical Simulation Modeling and Analysis: Using SIGMA for Windows. Boyd & Fraser, Danvers, MA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tocher K. D. 1960. Integrated project for the design and appraisal of mechanized decision-making control systems. Oper. Res. 11 1&sol;2 50--65.  Tocher K. D. 1960. Integrated project for the design and appraisal of mechanized decision-making control systems. Oper. Res. 11 1&sol;2 50--65.","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.1960.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"The Art of Simulation","author":"Tocher K. D.","unstructured":"Tocher , K. D. 1963. The Art of Simulation . English Universities Press . Tocher, K. D. 1963. The Art of Simulation. English Universities Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd Conference of the International Federation of OR Societies. 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English University Press, London, 50--60."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2501593","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2501593","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T07:28:48Z","timestamp":1750231728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2501593"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2501593"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2501593","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-3301","1558-1195"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-3301","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-1195","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-09-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-07-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-12-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}