{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T16:37:23Z","timestamp":1780763843716,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":56,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]],"date-time":"2013-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/2505377.2509977","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,3]],"date-time":"2013-09-03T11:57:17Z","timestamp":1378209437000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Multilingual OCR research and applications"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Xujun","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaigu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srirangaraj","family":"Setlur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CUBS, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venu","family":"Govindaraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CUBS, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prem","family":"Natarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICFHR.2012.152"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 16(2):105--126","author":"Alginahi Y.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Y. Alginahi . A survey on arabic character segmentation . International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 16(2):105--126 , 2013 . Y. Alginahi. A survey on arabic character segmentation. International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 16(2):105--126, 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"The forward-backward search algorithm","author":"Austin S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"S. Austin , R. Schwartz , and P. Placeway . The forward-backward search algorithm , 1991 . S. Austin, R. Schwartz, and P. Placeway. The forward-backward search algorithm, 1991."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01307-2_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/647798.736824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"High performance document layout analysis","author":"Breuel T. M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"T. M. Breuel . High performance document layout analysis , 2003 . T. M. Breuel. High performance document layout analysis, 2003."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2009.206"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1304595.1304755"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","first-page":"551","volume-title":"Ninth International Conference on","volume":"1","author":"Chanda S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"S. Chanda , O. Terrades , and U. Pal . Svm based scheme for thai and english script identification. In Document Analysis and Recognition , Ninth International Conference on , volume 1 , pages 551 -- 555 , 2007 . S. Chanda, O. Terrades, and U. Pal. Svm based scheme for thai and english script identification. In Document Analysis and Recognition, Ninth International Conference on, volume 1, pages 551--555, 2007."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1815330.1815337"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICFHR.2012.182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2011.2134090"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2005.53"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.784288"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DAS.2012.26"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"304","article-title":"A multiple feature\/resolution approach to handprinted digit and character recognition","volume":"17","author":"Favata F.","year":"1998","unstructured":"F. Favata and G. Srikantan . A multiple feature\/resolution approach to handprinted digit and character recognition . International Journal of Image Systems and Technology , 17 ( 4 ): 304 -- 311 , 1998 . F. Favata and G. Srikantan. A multiple feature\/resolution approach to handprinted digit and character recognition. International Journal of Image Systems and Technology, 17(4):304--311, 1998.","journal-title":"International Journal of Image Systems and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-726-8_9","volume-title":"Digital Document Processing, Advances in Pattern Recognition","author":"Fujisawa H.","year":"2007","unstructured":"H. Fujisawa . Robustness design of industrial strength recognition systems . In Digital Document Processing, Advances in Pattern Recognition , pages 185 -- 212 . Springer London , 2007 . H. Fujisawa. Robustness design of industrial strength recognition systems. In Digital Document Processing, Advances in Pattern Recognition, pages 185--212. Springer London, 2007."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2005.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2009.245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","first-page":"545","volume-title":"NIPS","author":"Graves A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"A. Graves and J. Schmidhuber . Offline Handwriting Recognition with Multidimensional Recurrent Neural Networks . In NIPS , pages 545 -- 552 , 2008 . A. Graves and J. Schmidhuber. Offline Handwriting Recognition with Multidimensional Recurrent Neural Networks. In NIPS, pages 545--552, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.1995.602059","volume-title":"Document Analysis and Recognition, 1995., Proceedings of the Third International Conference on","volume":"2","author":"Ha J.","year":"1995","unstructured":"J. Ha , R. Haralick , and I. Phillips . Recursive x-y cut using bounding boxes of connected components . In Document Analysis and Recognition, 1995., Proceedings of the Third International Conference on , volume 2 , pages 952 -- 955 , 1995 . J. Ha, R. Haralick, and I. Phillips. Recursive x-y cut using bounding boxes of connected components. In Document Analysis and Recognition, 1995., Proceedings of the Third International Conference on, volume 2, pages 952--955, 1995."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.574802"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.1993.395720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2011.140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-007-0043-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2009.260"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on","author":"Kaltenmeier A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"A. Kaltenmeier , T. Caesar , J. Gloger , and E. Mandler . Sophisticated topology of hidden markov models for cursive script recognition. In Document Analysis and Recognition , Proceedings of the Second International Conference on , pages 139 -- 142 , 1993 . A. Kaltenmeier, T. Caesar, J. Gloger, and E. Mandler. Sophisticated topology of hidden markov models for cursive script recognition. In Document Analysis and Recognition, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on, pages 139--142, 1993."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Proceeding of International Workshop on Camera-based Document Analysis and Recognition","author":"Kasar T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"T. Kasar and A. Ramakrishnan . Cococlust: Contour-based color clustering for robust binarization of colored text . In Proceeding of International Workshop on Camera-based Document Analysis and Recognition , pages 11 -- 17 , 2009 . T. Kasar and A. Ramakrishnan. Cococlust: Contour-based color clustering for robust binarization of colored text. In Proceeding of International Workshop on Camera-based Document Analysis and Recognition, pages 11--17, 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2009.55"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2011.272"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.1998.0684"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1815330.1815348"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.70792"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2000.902979","volume-title":"Pattern Recognition, 2000. Proceedings. 15th International Conference on","volume":"4","author":"Lu Z.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Z. Lu , R. Schwartz , and C. Raphael . Script-independent, hmm-based text line finding for ocr . In Pattern Recognition, 2000. Proceedings. 15th International Conference on , volume 4 , pages 551 -- 554 , 2000 . Z. Lu, R. Schwartz, and C. Raphael. Script-independent, hmm-based text line finding for ocr. In Pattern Recognition, 2000. Proceedings. 15th International Conference on, volume 4, pages 551--554, 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.790433"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of SPIE","volume":"8297","author":"Menasri F.","year":"2012","unstructured":"F. Menasri , J. Louradour , A. Bianne-Bernard , and C. Kermorvant . The A2iA French handwriting recognition system at the Rimes-ICDAR2011 competition . In Proceedings of SPIE , volume 8297 , 2012 . F. Menasri, J. Louradour, A. Bianne-Bernard, and C. Kermorvant. The A2iA French handwriting recognition system at the Rimes-ICDAR2011 competition. In Proceedings of SPIE, volume 8297, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1815330.1815340"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218001401000745"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78199-8_14","volume-title":"Arabic and Chinese Handwriting Recognition","author":"Natarajan P.","year":"2008","unstructured":"P. Natarajan , S. Saleem , R. Prasad , E. MacRostie , and K. Subramanian . Multi-lingual offline handwriting recognition using hidden markov models: A script-independent approach . In Arabic and Chinese Handwriting Recognition , pages 231 -- 250 . Springer Berlin Heidelberg , 2008 . P. Natarajan, S. Saleem, R. Prasad, E. MacRostie, and K. Subramanian. Multi-lingual offline handwriting recognition using hidden markov models: A script-independent approach. In Arabic and Chinese Handwriting Recognition, pages 231--250. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","first-page":"3538","volume-title":"IEEE Conference on","author":"Neumann L.","year":"2012","unstructured":"L. Neumann and J. Matas . Real-time scene text localization and recognition. In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) , IEEE Conference on , pages 3538 -- 3545 , 2012 . L. Neumann and J. Matas. Real-time scene text localization and recognition. In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), IEEE Conference on, pages 3538--3545, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.244677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/876867.877573"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2011.208"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2011.250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10032-009-0098-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1577802.1577808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"International conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition","author":"Schambach M.-P.","year":"2008","unstructured":"M.-P. Schambach , J. Rottland , and T. Alary . How to convert a latin handwriting recognition system to arabic . In International conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition , 2008 . M.-P. Schambach, J. Rottland, and T. Alary. How to convert a latin handwriting recognition system to arabic. In International conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","unstructured":"H. F. Schantz. Recognition Technologies Users Association 1982.  H. F. Schantz. Recognition Technologies Users Association 1982."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","first-page":"1243","volume-title":"Document Analysis and Recognition, 2007. ICDAR 2007. Ninth International Conference on","volume":"2","author":"Sesh Kumar K.","year":"2007","unstructured":"K. Sesh Kumar , S. Kumar , and C. Jawahar . On segmentation of documents in complex scripts . In Document Analysis and Recognition, 2007. ICDAR 2007. Ninth International Conference on , volume 2 , pages 1243 -- 1247 , 2007 . K. Sesh Kumar, S. Kumar, and C. Jawahar. On segmentation of documents in complex scripts. In Document Analysis and Recognition, 2007. ICDAR 2007. Ninth International Conference on, volume 2, pages 1243--1247, 2007."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2009.79"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1304596.1304846"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1577802.1577804"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.1993.395729"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2005.209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 7(2-3):188--200","author":"Wienecke M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"M. Wienecke , G. Fink , and G. Sagerer . Toward automatic video-based whiteboard reading . International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 7(2-3):188--200 , 2005 . M. Wienecke, G. Fink, and G. Sagerer. Toward automatic video-based whiteboard reading. International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR), 7(2-3):188--200, 2005."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DAS.2012.61"}],"event":{"name":"MOCR '13: 4th International Workshop on Multilingual OCR","location":"Washington D.C. USA","acronym":"MOCR '13","sponsor":["BBN Technologies"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Multilingual OCR"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2505377.2509977","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2505377.2509977","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T07:28:58Z","timestamp":1750231738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2505377.2509977"}},"subtitle":["an overview"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2505377.2509977","10.1145\/2505377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2505377.2509977","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-08-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}