{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:19:20Z","timestamp":1750306760506,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2s","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017634","name":"LG Electronics","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017634","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The Java-based software platform for interactive digital TV (DTV) is composed of the system\/middleware class statically installed on the DTV set-top box and the\n            <jats:italic>xlet<\/jats:italic>\n            applications dynamically downloaded from the TV stations. The xlet application includes Java classes and image\/text files. The xlets are executed only when the TV viewer initiates an interaction, even if the xlets have been completely downloaded. To achieve high performance on this dual-component, user-initiated system, existing just-in-time (JIT) compilation and optimization is not enough; instead, ahead-of-time and idle-time compilation and optimization are also needed, requiring a hybrid compilation and optimization environment. We constructed such a hybrid environment for a commercial DTV software platform and evaluated it using real, on-air xlet applications. Our experimental results show that the proposed hybrid environment can improve the DTV Java performance by more than three times, compared to the JIT-only environment, with little change to other DTV behavior.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2506257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]],"date-time":"2014-02-04T14:16:21Z","timestamp":1391523381000},"page":"1-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hybrid compilation and optimization for java-based digital TV platforms"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dong-Heon","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soo-Mook","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeong-Seok","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1147\/sj.442.0399"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1324969.1324974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/857076.857077"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.v21:12"},{"volume-title":"BD-J Baseline Application and Logical Model Definition for BD-ROM","author":"BDA.","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"BDA. 2005. BD-J Baseline Application and Logical Model Definition for BD-ROM . Blu-ray Disc Association . http:\/\/http:\/\/blu-raydisc.com\/Assets\/Downloadablefile\/bdj_ gem_application_definition-15496.pdf. BDA. 2005. BD-J Baseline Application and Logical Model Definition for BD-ROM. Blu-ray Disc Association. http:\/\/http:\/\/blu-raydisc.com\/Assets\/Downloadablefile\/bdj_ gem_application_definition-15496.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"EEMBC. 2013. GrinderBench. http:\/\/www.grinderbench.org\/.  EEMBC. 2013. GrinderBench. http:\/\/www.grinderbench.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"European Travel Commission. 2013. Mobile Devices. http:\/\/www.newmediatrendwatch.com\/world-overview\/98-interactive-tv-and-mobile-devices.  European Travel Commission. 2013. Mobile Devices. http:\/\/www.newmediatrendwatch.com\/world-overview\/98-interactive-tv-and-mobile-devices."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"S. Foote. 2005. Java in Digital TV update. http:\/\/www.oracle.com.  S. Foote. 2005. Java in Digital TV update. http:\/\/www.oracle.com."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"GCC: The GNU Compiler Collection","author":"Foundation Free Software","year":"1997","unstructured":"Free Software Foundation . 1997 . GCC: The GNU Compiler Collection . http:\/\/gcc.gnu.org. Free Software Foundation. 1997. GCC: The GNU Compiler Collection. http:\/\/gcc.gnu.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"GCJ: The GNU Compiler for the Java Programming Language","author":"Foundation Free Software","year":"2012","unstructured":"Free Software Foundation . 2012 . GCJ: The GNU Compiler for the Java Programming Language . http:\/\/gcc.gnu.org\/java\/. Free Software Foundation. 2012. GCJ: The GNU Compiler for the Java Programming Language. http:\/\/gcc.gnu.org\/java\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CGO.2007.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"GCJ: The GNU Compiler for the Java Programming Language","author":"GCC.","year":"2012","unstructured":"GCC. 2012 . GCJ: The GNU Compiler for the Java Programming Language . http:\/\/gcc.gnu.org\/java\/. GCC. 2012. GCJ: The GNU Compiler for the Java Programming Language. http:\/\/gcc.gnu.org\/java\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxr100"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Programming Languages and Compilers Workshop.","author":"Jung D. H.","key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"D. H. Jung , J. S. Oh , H. S. Oh , and S. M. Moon . 2013. Java ahead-of-time compilation for Blu-ray disc player software platform . In Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Programming Languages and Compilers Workshop. D. H. Jung, J. S. Oh, H. S. Oh, and S. M. Moon. 2013. Java ahead-of-time compilation for Blu-ray disc player software platform. In Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Programming Languages and Compilers Workshop."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1176760.1176767"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cl.2007.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1772954.1772966"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"S. Morris. 2012. TV without Borders. http:\/\/www.interactivetvweb.org\/.  S. Morris. 2012. TV without Borders. http:\/\/www.interactivetvweb.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"S. Morris and A. Smith-Chaigneau. 2005. Interactive TV Standards: A Guide to MHP OCAP and JavaTV. Focal Press London U.K.   S. Morris and A. Smith-Chaigneau. 2005. Interactive TV Standards: A Guide to MHP OCAP and JavaTV. Focal Press London U.K."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies. USENIX Association Berkeley, CA, 1.","author":"Muller G.","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"G. Muller , B. Moura , F. Bellard , and C. Consel . 1997. Harissa: A flexible and efficient Java environment mixing bytecode and compiled code . In Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies. USENIX Association Berkeley, CA, 1. G. Muller, B. Moura, F. Bellard, and C. Consel. 1997. Harissa: A flexible and efficient Java environment mixing bytecode and compiled code. In Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies. USENIX Association Berkeley, CA, 1."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISORC.2005.38"},{"volume-title":"Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)","key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Oracle. 2005. Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) ; JSR 118. http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/index-jsp-138820.html. Oracle. 2005. Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP); JSR 118. http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/index-jsp-138820.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Oracle. 2013a. Java TV. http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/javame\/javatv\/overview\/getstarted\/index.htm.  Oracle. 2013a. Java TV. http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/javame\/javatv\/overview\/getstarted\/index.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Oracle. 2013b. Java Technology for the Wireless Industry (JTWI). http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/jtwi-137775.html.  Oracle. 2013b. Java Technology for the Wireless Industry (JTWI). http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/jtwi-137775.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","unstructured":"Oracle. 2013c. Java ME Technology - Mobile Service JSR 185. Architecture. http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/javame\/tech\/msa-139431.html.  Oracle. 2013c. Java ME Technology - Mobile Service JSR 185. Architecture. http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/javame\/tech\/msa-139431.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scico.2004.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"PhoneMe Project. 2011. phoneME. https:\/\/java.net\/projects\/phoneme.  PhoneMe Project. 2011. phoneME. https:\/\/java.net\/projects\/phoneme."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1806596.1806615"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies. USENIX Association Berkeley, CA. 3.","author":"Proebsting T. A.","key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"T. A. Proebsting , G. Townsend , P. Bridges , J. H. Hartman , T. Newsham , and S. A. Watterson . 1997. Toba: Java for applications a way ahead of time (WAT) compiler . In Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies. USENIX Association Berkeley, CA. 3. T. A. Proebsting, G. Townsend, P. Bridges, J. H. Hartman, T. Newsham, and S. A. Watterson. 1997. Toba: Java for applications a way ahead of time (WAT) compiler. In Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Object-Oriented Technologies. USENIX Association Berkeley, CA. 3."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1620405.1620429"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/353171.353176"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/354880.354883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1064979.1064997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Sun Microsystems. 2005. CDC HotSpot Implementation Dynamic Compiler Architecture Guide. http:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/javame\/config\/cdc\/cdc-opt-impl\/cdc_ dynamic_ compiler_ arch.pdf.  Sun Microsystems. 2005. CDC HotSpot Implementation Dynamic Compiler Architecture Guide. http:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/javame\/config\/cdc\/cdc-opt-impl\/cdc_ dynamic_ compiler_ arch.pdf."},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference. IEEE Computer Society.","author":"Varma A.","key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"A. Varma and S. S. Bhattacharyya . 2004. Java-through-C Compilation: An enabling technology for Java in embedded systems . In Proceedings of the Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference. IEEE Computer Society. A. Varma and S. S. Bhattacharyya. 2004. Java-through-C Compilation: An enabling technology for Java in embedded systems. In Proceedings of the Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference. IEEE Computer Society."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems, F. Mueller and A. Bestavros, Eds. Lecture Notes in Computer Science","volume":"1474","author":"Weiss M.","unstructured":"M. Weiss , F. Ferri\u00e8re , B. Desart , C. Fabre , F. Hirsch , E. A. Johnson , V. Joloboff , F. Roy , F. Siebert , and X. Spengler . 1998. TurboJ, a Java bytecode-to-native compiler . In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems, F. Mueller and A. Bestavros, Eds. Lecture Notes in Computer Science , vol. 1474 , Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 119--130. M. Weiss, F. Ferri\u00e8re, B. Desart, C. Fabre, F. Hirsch, E. A. Johnson, V. Joloboff, F. Roy, F. Siebert, and X. Spengler. 1998. TurboJ, a Java bytecode-to-native compiler. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Workshop on Languages, Compilers, and Tools for Embedded Systems, F. Mueller and A. Bestavros, Eds. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1474, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 119--130."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"R. Wilkes. 2005. NGen revs up your performance with powerful new features. http:\/\/msdn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/magazine\/cc163808.aspx.  R. Wilkes. 2005. NGen revs up your performance with powerful new features. http:\/\/msdn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/magazine\/cc163808.aspx."}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2506257","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2506257","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T07:28:43Z","timestamp":1750231723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2506257"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2s","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2506257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2506257","relation":{},"ISSN":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1539-9087"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1558-3465"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-01-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-06-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-01-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}