{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:23:35Z","timestamp":1784258615480,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Several multimedia applications need to reason with concepts and their media properties in specific domain contexts. Media properties of concepts exhibit some unique characteristics that cannot be dealt with conceptual modeling schemes followed in the existing ontology representation and reasoning schemes. We have proposed a new perceptual modeling technique for reasoning with media properties observed in multimedia instances and the latent concepts. Our knowledge representation scheme uses a causal model of the world where concepts manifest in media properties with uncertainties. We introduce a probabilistic reasoning scheme for belief propagation across domain concepts through observation of media properties. In order to support the perceptual modeling and reasoning paradigm, we propose a new ontology language,\n            <jats:italic>Multimedia Web Ontology Language<\/jats:italic>\n            (MOWL). Our primary contribution in this article is to establish the need for the new ontology language and to introduce the semantics of its novel language constructs. We establish the generality of our approach with two disperate knowledge-intensive applications involving reasoning with media properties of concepts.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2542205.2542210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,2]],"date-time":"2014-01-02T13:09:43Z","timestamp":1388668183000},"page":"1-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["MOWL"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Anupama","family":"Mallik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiranmay","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata consultancy Services, Gurgaon, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santanu","family":"Chaudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Harit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC'07\/ASWC'07)","author":"Arndt R."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IMVIP.2007.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMUL.2009.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ECAI-12 Workshop","author":"Busa-Fekete R."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2004.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-009-0393-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.","author":"Ding Z."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The CIDOC conceptual reference module: An ontological approach to semantic interoperability of metadata","volume":"24","author":"Doerr M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"AI Mag."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice.","author":"Foley J. D.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management. Ontologies and the Semantic Web (EKAW'02)","author":"Gangemi A."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th Knowledge Markup and Semantic Annotation Workshop (SemAnnot'05)","author":"Garcia R."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"Ontologies: A Handbok of Principles, Concepts, and Applications in Information Systems","author":"Ghosh H.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2002.808088"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1025132.1026310"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","volume-title":"Advances in Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases","author":"Kangassalo H."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","volume-title":"Color Me a Season: A Complete Guide to Finding Your Best Colors and How to Use Them","author":"Kentner B."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2393347.2393433"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2069276.2069280"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","unstructured":"Motik B. Patel-Schneider P. F. and Parsia B. 2012. OWL 2 Web ontology language: Structural specification and function-style syntax. http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/owl2-syntax\/.  Motik B. Patel-Schneider P. F. and Parsia B. 2012. OWL 2 Web ontology language: Structural specification and function-style syntax. http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/owl2-syntax\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2011.2147781"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/366836.366874"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","unstructured":"Patel-Schneider P. F. and Horrocks I. 2004. OWL web ontology language: Semantics and abstract syntax: section 2. abstract syntax. http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/owl-semantics\/syntax.html.  Patel-Schneider P. F. and Horrocks I. 2004. OWL web ontology language: Semantics and abstract syntax: section 2. abstract syntax. http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/owl-semantics\/syntax.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(96)00002-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1631024.1631038"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 17th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI'01)","volume":"1","author":"Randell D."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1772690.1772775"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/76.927435"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1597735.1597760"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Conceptual Modeling. Springer, 91--104","author":"Schneider L.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10871-6_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2007.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.02.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1460676.1460686"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2542205.2542210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2542205.2542210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T08:09:56Z","timestamp":1750234196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2542205.2542210"}},"subtitle":["An ontology representation language for web-based multimedia applications"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2542205.2542210"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2542205.2542210","relation":{},"ISSN":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1551-6857","type":"print"},{"value":"1551-6865","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-04-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-12-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}