{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:17:16Z","timestamp":1750306636991,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":37,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APQ-02376-11 and APQ-02532-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-02376-11 and APQ-02532-12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["485907\/2013-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["485907\/2013-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/2577080.2582208","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,20]],"date-time":"2014-05-20T13:48:00Z","timestamp":1400593680000},"page":"109-120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["How do programmers use optional typing?"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Addison-Wesley Professional","year":"2003","author":"Beck K.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1"},{"volume-title":"The MIT Press","year":"2002","author":"Bruce K.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1595696.1595728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/234313.234418"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2168696.2047853"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.295895"},{"volume-title":"NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum","year":"1988","author":"Cohen J.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1"},{"volume-title":"MMC","year":"1987","author":"Curtis B.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Evaluation and Usability of Programming Languages and Tools (PLATEAU)","year":"2009","author":"Daly M.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1"},{"volume-title":"PWS Publishing Co.","year":"1998","author":"Fenton N.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1111320.1111059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"M. Fowler Domain-specific languages. Pearson Education 2010.   M. Fowler Domain-specific languages. Pearson Education 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1529282.1529700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359763.359800"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-70592-5_4"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages (FOOL)","year":"2011","author":"Gray K.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1094811.1094830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Groovy programming language. http:\/\/groovy.codehaus.org\/. Accessed in 10\/10\/2013.  Groovy programming language. http:\/\/groovy.codehaus.org\/. Accessed in 10\/10\/2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1932682.1869462"},{"journal-title":"An International Journal, 1--48","year":"2013","author":"Hanenberg S.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1"},{"volume-title":"International Organization for Standardization","year":"2004","author":"IEC","key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2012.6240483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"S. Labovitz Criteria for selecting a significance level: A note on the sacredness of. 05. The American Sociologist 3.3 220--222 1968.  S. Labovitz Criteria for selecting a significance level: A note on the sacredness of. 05. The American Sociologist 3.3 220--222 1968."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/319301.319317"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA)","year":"2004","author":"Meijer E.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"B. Meyer. Object-oriented software construction Vol. 2. Prentice hall 1988.   B. Meyer. Object-oriented software construction Vol. 2. Prentice hall 1988."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2509136.2509515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"B. Pierce. Types and programming languages. MIT press 2002.% Unfortunately dynamically typed programming languages usually do not support the concept of DEC. Therefore we integrated DEC into the programming language Python by using a metaprogramming approach   B. Pierce. Types and programming languages. MIT press 2002.% Unfortunately dynamically typed programming languages usually do not support the concept of DEC. Therefore we integrated DEC into the programming language Python by using a metaprogramming approach"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/785408.785590"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.677186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73589-2_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73589-2_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2398857.2384674"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Tiobe programming community index. http:\/\/www.tiobe.com\/index.php\/content\/paperinfo\/tpci\/index.html. Accessed in 23\/09\/2013.  Tiobe programming community index. http:\/\/www.tiobe.com\/index.php\/content\/paperinfo\/tpci\/index.html. Accessed in 23\/09\/2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2458(09)01205-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-00590-9_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2349018"}],"event":{"name":"MODULARITY '14: 13th International Conference on Modularity","sponsor":["AOSA Aspect-Oriented Software Association","SIGPLAN ACM Special Interest Group on Programming Languages","SIGSOFT ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering"],"location":"Lugano Switzerland","acronym":"MODULARITY '14"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Modularity"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2577080.2582208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2577080.2582208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T06:55:54Z","timestamp":1750229754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2577080.2582208"}},"subtitle":["an empirical study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2577080.2582208","10.1145\/2577080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2577080.2582208","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-04-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}