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Similarly, interconnected clouds, also called\n            <jats:italic>Inter-cloud<\/jats:italic>\n            , can be viewed as a natural evolution of cloud computing. Recent studies show the benefits in utilizing multiple clouds and present attempts for the realization of an Inter-cloud or federated cloud environment. However, cloud vendors have not taken into account cloud interoperability issues, and each cloud comes with its own solution and interfaces for services. This survey initially discusses all the relevant aspects motivating cloud interoperability. Furthermore, it categorizes and identifies possible cloud interoperability scenarios and architectures. The spectrum of challenges and obstacles that the Inter-cloud realization is faced with are covered, a taxonomy of them is provided, and fitting enablers that tackle each challenge are identified. All these aspects require a comprehensive review of the state of the art, including ongoing projects and studies in the area. We conclude by discussing future directions and trends toward the holistic approach in this regard.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2593512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,20]],"date-time":"2014-05-20T13:47:43Z","timestamp":1400593663000},"page":"1-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":322,"title":["Interconnected Cloud Computing Environments"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Adel Nadjaran","family":"Toosi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo N.","family":"Calheiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajkumar","family":"Buyya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I-SPAN.2009.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","volume-title":"Akos Frohner, Alberto Gianoli, Karoly Lorentey, and Fabio Spataro.","author":"Alfieri Roberto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Roberto Alfieri , Roberto Cecchini , Vincenzo Ciaschini , Luca dell'Agnello , Akos Frohner, Alberto Gianoli, Karoly Lorentey, and Fabio Spataro. 2004 . 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