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Dubbed\n            <jats:italic>cascaded displays<\/jats:italic>\n            , such architectures enable superresolution flat panel displays (e.g., using thin stacks of liquid crystal displays (LCDs)) and digital projectors (e.g., relaying the image of one SLM onto another). We introduce a comprehensive optimization framework, leveraging non-negative matrix and tensor factorization, that decomposes target images and videos into multi-layered, time-multiplexed attenuation patterns---offering a flexible trade-off between apparent image brightness, spatial resolution, and refresh rate. Through this analysis, we develop a real-time dual-layer factorization method that quadruples spatial resolution and doubles refresh rate. Compared to prior superresolution displays, cascaded displays place fewer restrictions on the hardware, offering thin designs without moving parts or the necessity of temporal multiplexing. Furthermore, cascaded displays are the first use of multi-layer displays to increase apparent temporal resolution. We validate these concepts using two custom-built prototypes: a dual-layer LCD and a dual-modulation liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) projector, with the former emphasizing head-mounted display (HMD) applications.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2601097.2601120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,22]],"date-time":"2014-07-22T15:08:20Z","timestamp":1406041700000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Cascaded displays"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Felix","family":"Heide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA Research"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Lanman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA Research"}]},{"given":"Dikpal","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA Research"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kautz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA Research"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Pulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA Research"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Luebke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA Research"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2159516.2159518"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1889\/1.2036298"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2002.1033210"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1889\/1.3069667"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben-Ezra M. Zomet A. and Nayar S. K. 2004. Jitter camera: High resolution video from a low resolution detector. In IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 135--142.   Ben-Ezra M. Zomet A. and Nayar S. K. 2004. Jitter camera: High resolution video from a low resolution detector. In IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 135--142.","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA437160"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2338676.2338695"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2159516.2159521"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"Blondel V. Ho N.-D. and van Dooren P. 2008. Weighted nonnegative matrix factorization and face feature extraction. In Image and Vision Computing 1--17.  Blondel V. Ho N.-D. and van Dooren P. 2008. Weighted nonnegative matrix factorization and face feature extraction. 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Hart, Eds. C. V. Moseby Company . Hart, W. M. 1987. The temporal responsiveness of vision. In Adler's Physiology of the Eye, R. A. Moses and W. M. Hart, Eds. C. V. Moseby Company."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2461912.2461925"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heide F. Gregson J. Wetzstein G. Raskar R. and Heidrich W. 2014. A compressive multi-mode superresolution display. Technical Report arXiv:1404.5916.  Heide F. Gregson J. Wetzstein G. Raskar R. and Heidrich W. 2014. A compressive multi-mode superresolution display. Technical Report arXiv:1404.5916 .","DOI":"10.1364\/COSI.2014.CM4C.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","first-page":"567","article-title":"Parallax stereogram and process of making same","volume":"725","author":"Ives F. E.","year":"1903","unstructured":"Ives , F. E. , 1903 . Parallax stereogram and process of making same . U.S. Patent 725 , 567 . Ives, F. E., 1903. 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