{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T22:10:09Z","timestamp":1773094209380,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["290227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["290227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Appl. Percept."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            We performed a perceptual user study of algorithms that approximate soft shadows in real time. Although a huge body of soft-shadow algorithms have been proposed, to our knowledge this is the first methodical study for comparing different real-time shadow algorithms with respect to their plausibility and visual appearance. We evaluated soft-shadow properties like penumbra overlap with respect to their relevance to shadow perception in a systematic way, and we believe that our results can be useful to guide future shadow approaches in their methods of evaluation. In this study, we also capture the predominant case of an inexperienced user observing shadows\n            <jats:italic>without<\/jats:italic>\n            comparing to a reference solution, such as when watching a movie or playing a game. One important result of this experiment is to scientifically verify that real-time soft-shadow algorithms, despite having become physically based and very realistic, can nevertheless be intuitively distinguished from a correct solution by untrained users.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2620029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T14:23:02Z","timestamp":1404224582000},"page":"1-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Comparative Perceptual Study of Soft-Shadow Algorithms"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Hecher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna University of Technology"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Bernhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna University of Technology"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Mattausch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zurich"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Scherzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HS Ravensburg-Weingarten"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna University of Technology"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276425"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2006.00995.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2151237X.2008.10129254"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2366145.2366166"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529467"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Elmar Eisemann Michael Schwarz Ulf Assarsson and Michael Wimmer. 2011. 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