{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T14:14:45Z","timestamp":1761401685593,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]],"date-time":"2014-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Infrastructure-as-a-service clouds enable customers to use computing resources in a flexible manner to satisfy their needs, and pay only for the allocated resources. One challenge for IaaS customers is the correct provisioning of their resources. Many users end up underprovisioning, hurting application performance, or overprovisioning, paying for resources that are not really necessary. Memory is an essential resource for any computing system, and is frequently a nperformance-limiting factor in cloud environments. In this work, we propose a model that enables cloud customers to determine whether the memory allocated to their virtual machines is correctly provisioned, underprovisioned, or overprovisioned. The model uses two metrics collected inside a VM, resident and committed memory, and defines thresholds for these metrics that characterize each provisioning level. Experimental results with Linux guests on Xen, running four benchmarks with different workloads and varying memory capacity, show that the model was able to accurately diagnose memory provisioning in 98% of the scenarios evaluated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2626401.2626403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,20]],"date-time":"2014-05-20T13:47:43Z","timestamp":1400593663000},"page":"2-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Customer-oriented diagnosis of memory provisioning for IaaS clouds"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Ricardo J.","family":"Pfitscher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Catarina State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauricio A.","family":"Pillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Catarina State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael R.","family":"Obelheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Catarina State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1721654.1721672"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/125826.125925"},{"volume-title":"Proc. USENIX Annual Technical Conference (ATC)","year":"2012","author":"Barker S.","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2031978.2032071"},{"volume-title":"BSDCan","year":"2013","author":"Beck B.","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1167515.1167488"},{"volume-title":"Network World, 2012","year":"2012","author":"Butler B.","key":"e_1_2_1_7_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSC.2011.6138522"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1515915.1515933"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1980.230464"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"M. Gorman. Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager. Prentice-Hall Upper Saddle River NJ 2004.   M. Gorman. Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager. Prentice-Hall Upper Saddle River NJ 2004."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1688933.1689025"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2365864.2151028"},{"volume-title":"2nd Ed. Prentice-Hall","year":"2006","author":"McDougall R.","key":"e_1_2_1_14_1"},{"volume-title":"Addison-Wesley","year":"2004","author":"McKusick M. K.","key":"e_1_2_1_15_1"},{"volume-title":"Proc. IFIP\/IEEE Intl. Symp. on Integrated Network Management (IM)","year":"2013","author":"Mukherjee J.","key":"e_1_2_1_16_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"R. J. Pfitscher M. A. Pillon and R. R. Obelheiro. Diagn\u00f3stico do provisionamento de recursos para m\u00e1quinas virtuais em nuvens IaaS {in Portuguese}. In 31\u00b0 Simp\u00f3sio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores (SBRC) pages 599--612 Bras\u00edlia (DF) maio 2013.  R. J. Pfitscher M. A. Pillon and R. R. Obelheiro. Diagn\u00f3stico do provisionamento de recursos para m\u00e1quinas virtuais em nuvens IaaS {in Portuguese}. In 31\u00b0 Simp\u00f3sio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores (SBRC) pages 599--612 Bras\u00edlia (DF) maio 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MASCOTS.2011.47"},{"volume-title":"5th Edition. Microsoft Press","year":"2009","author":"Russinovich M. E.","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11568285_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"285","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Freenix 2000 USENIX Annual Technical Conference","author":"Silvers C.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13174-011-0050-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"611","volume-title":"Proc. Linux Symposium","author":"van Riel R.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2189750.2151021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/844128.844146"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"229","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design & Implementation","author":"Wood T.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1618525.1618530"}],"container-title":["ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2626401.2626403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2626401.2626403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T07:19:42Z","timestamp":1750231182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2626401.2626403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2626401.2626403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2626401.2626403","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-5980"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0163-5980"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-05-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}