{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:03:04Z","timestamp":1773792184300,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,29]],"date-time":"2014-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Manage. Inf. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In business environments, different sorts of regulations are imposed to restrict the behavior of both public and private organizations, ranging from legal regulations to internal policies. Regulatory compliance is important for the safety of individual actors as well as the overall business environment. However, complexity derives from not only the contents of the regulations but also their interdependencies. As such, the verification of whether actors are able to comply with the combined regulations cannot be done by checking each regulation separately.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            To these ends, we introduce a normative structure\n            <jats:italic>Norm Nets<\/jats:italic>\n            (NNs) for modeling sets of interrelated regulations and setting a basis for compliance checking of organizational interactions against interrelated regulations. NNs support a modular design by providing the constructs to represent regulations and the relationships between them. Additionally, we propose a computational mechanism to reason about regulatory compliance by mapping NNs to\n            <jats:italic>Colored Petri Nets<\/jats:italic>\n            (CPNs). We show that compliance checking of both individual actors\u2019 behavior and the collective behavior of the business environment can be achieved automatically using state space analysis techniques of CPNs. The approach is illustrated with a case study from the domain of international trade.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2629630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]],"date-time":"2015-01-05T13:27:09Z","timestamp":1420464429000},"page":"1-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Compliance Checking of Organizational Interactions"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huib","family":"Aldewereld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Dignum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao-Hua","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1082473.1082738"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"van der Torre","author":"Andrighetto Giulia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Giulia Andrighetto , Guido Governatori , Pablo Noriega , and Leendert W. N . van der Torre . 2012 . Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Schloss Dagstuhl . Giulia Andrighetto, Guido Governatori, Pablo Noriega, and Leendert W. N. van der Torre. 2012. Normative Multi-Agent Systems. Schloss Dagstuhl."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.is.2012.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing. 122--136","author":"Birukou Aliaksandr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aliaksandr Birukou , Vincenzo D\u2019Andrea , Frank Leymann , Jacek Serafinski , Patricia Silveira , Steve Strauch , and Marek Tluczek . 2010 . An integrated solution for runtime compliance governance in SOA . In Proceedings of International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing. 122--136 . Aliaksandr Birukou, Vincenzo D\u2019Andrea, Frank Leymann, Jacek Serafinski, Patricia Silveira, Steve Strauch, and Marek Tluczek. 2010. An integrated solution for runtime compliance governance in SOA. In Proceedings of International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing. 122--136."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Workshop on Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems XI. 99--116","author":"D\u2019Aprile Davide","unstructured":"Davide D\u2019Aprile , Laura Giordano , Valentina Gliozzi , Alberto Martelli , Gian L. Pozzato , and Daniele T. Dupr\u00e9 . 2010. Verifying business process compliance by reasoning about actions . In Proceedings of International Workshop on Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems XI. 99--116 . Davide D\u2019Aprile, Laura Giordano, Valentina Gliozzi, Alberto Martelli, Gian L. Pozzato, and Daniele T. Dupr\u00e9. 2010. Verifying business process compliance by reasoning about actions. In Proceedings of International Workshop on Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems XI. 99--116."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11837862_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218843006001529"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems. 186--191","author":"Governatori Guido","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guido Governatori and Antonino Rotolo . 2008 . An algorithm for business process compliance . In Proceedings of International Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems. 186--191 . Guido Governatori and Antonino Rotolo. 2008. An algorithm for business process compliance. 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NORMC: A norm compliance temporal logic model checker . In Proceedings of the 6th Starting AI Researchers\u2019 Symposium. 168--179 . Piotr Ka\u017amierczak, Truls Pedersen, and Thomas \u00c5gotnes. 2012. NORMC: A norm compliance temporal logic model checker. In Proceedings of the 6th Starting AI Researchers\u2019 Symposium. 168--179."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Conference on Modellierung Betrieblicher Informationssysteme: Modellierung zwischen SOA und Compliance Management. 107--113","author":"Kharbili Marwane El","unstructured":"Marwane El Kharbili , Ana Karla A. de Medeiros , Sebastian Stein , and Wil M. P . van der Aalst. 2008. Business process compliance checking: Current state and future challenges . In Proceedings of Conference on Modellierung Betrieblicher Informationssysteme: Modellierung zwischen SOA und Compliance Management. 107--113 . Marwane El Kharbili, Ana Karla A. de Medeiros, Sebastian Stein, and Wil M. P. van der Aalst. 2008. 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