{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T03:13:22Z","timestamp":1761621202781,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]],"date-time":"2015-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            There has been an increasing demand for interactive video transmission over the Internet for applications such as video conferencing, video calls, and telepresence applications. These applications are increasingly moving towards providing High Definition (HD) video quality to users. A key challenge in these applications is to preserve the quality of video when it is transported over best-effort networks that do not guarantee lossless transport of video packets. In such conditions, it is important to protect the transmitted video by using intelligent and adaptive protection schemes. Applications such as HD video conferencing require live interaction among participants, which limits the overall delay the system can tolerate. Therefore, the protection scheme should add little or no extra delay to video transport. We propose a novel Adaptive Loss Protection (ALP) scheme for interactive HD video applications such as video conferencing and video chats. This scheme adds negligible delay to the transmission process and is shown to achieve better quality than other schemes in lossy networks. The proposed ALP scheme adaptively applies four different protection modes to cope with the dynamic network conditions, which results in high video quality in all network conditions. Our ALP\n            <jats:italic>scheme<\/jats:italic>\n            consists of four protection\n            <jats:italic>modes<\/jats:italic>\n            ; each of these modes utilizes a protection\n            <jats:italic>method<\/jats:italic>\n            . Two of the modes rely on the state-of-the-art protection methods, and we propose a new Integrated Loss Protection (ILP) method for the other two modes. In the ILP method we integrate three factors for distributing the protection among packets. These three factors are error propagation, region of interest and header information. In order to decide when to switch between the protection modes, a new metric is proposed based on the effectiveness of each mode in performing protection, rather than just considering network statistics such as packet loss rate. Results show that by using this metric not only the overall quality will be improved but also the variance of quality will decrease. One of the main advantages of the proposed ALP scheme is that it does not increase the bit rate overhead in poor network conditions. Our results show a significant gain in video quality, up to 3dB PSNR improvement is achieved using our scheme, compared to protecting all packets equally with the same amount of overhead.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2656203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,12]],"date-time":"2015-01-12T20:02:10Z","timestamp":1421092930000},"page":"1-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["ALP"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kiana","family":"Calagari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sharif University of Technology, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Pakravan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sharif University of Technology, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shervin","family":"Shirmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tehran, Iran and University of Ottawa, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hefeeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simon Fraser University, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/18.556670"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE'06). 2033","author":"Arachchi Hemantha Kodikara","year":"2036","unstructured":"Hemantha Kodikara Arachchi , Warnakulasuriya Anil Chandana Fernando , S. Panchadcharam , and W. A. Rajitha Jayaruwan Weerakkody. 2006. Unequal error protection technique for ROI based H.264 video coding . In Proceedings of the IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE'06). 2033 -- 2036 . Hemantha Kodikara Arachchi, Warnakulasuriya Anil Chandana Fernando, S. Panchadcharam, and W. A. Rajitha Jayaruwan Weerakkody. 2006. Unequal error protection technique for ROI based H.264 video coding. In Proceedings of the IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE'06). 2033--2036."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2964398.2964429"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2393347.2396375"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN'13)","author":"Cao Diep Thang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Diep Thang Cao , Thuc Hai Nguyen , and Linh Giang Nguyen . 2013 . 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