{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T06:02:46Z","timestamp":1784268166691,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]],"date-time":"2014-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["StG-2013-335373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["StG-2013-335373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303541"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Designers often create physical\n            <jats:italic>works-like<\/jats:italic>\n            prototypes early in the product development cycle to explore possible mechanical architectures for a design. Yet, creating functional prototypes requires time and expertise, which discourages rapid design iterations. Designers must carefully specify part and joint parameters to ensure that parts move and fit and together in the intended manner. We present an interactive system that streamlines the process by allowing users to annotate rough 3D models with high-level functional relationships (e.g., part\n            <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n            fits inside part\n            <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n            ). Based on these relationships, our system optimizes the model geometry to produce a working design. We demonstrate the versatility of our system by using it to design a variety of works-like prototypes.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2661229.2661289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]],"date-time":"2014-11-18T14:21:03Z","timestamp":1416320463000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Creating works-like prototypes of mechanical objects"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Bongjin","family":"Koo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilmot","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adobe Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JiaXian","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maneesh","family":"Agrawala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC Berkeley"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niloy J.","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2185520.2185543"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1449715.1449740"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2185520.2185574"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cal\u00ec J. Calian D. Amati C. Kleinberger R. Steed A. Kautz J. and Weyrich T. 2012. 3d-printing of non-assembly articulated models. 130:1--130:8.  Cal\u00ec J. Calian D. Amati C. Kleinberger R. Steed A. Kautz J. and Weyrich T. 2012. 3d-printing of non-assembly articulated models. 130:1--130:8.","DOI":"10.1145\/2366145.2366149"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2508363.2508400"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2461912.2461953"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daniel M. and Lucas M. 1997. Towards declarative geometric modelling in mechanics. In Integrated Design and Manufacturing in Mechanical Engineering P. Chedmail J.-C. Bocquet and D. Dornfeld Eds. Springer Netherlands 427--436.  Daniel M. and Lucas M. 1997. Towards declarative geometric modelling in mechanics. In Integrated Design and Manufacturing in Mechanical Engineering P. Chedmail J.-C. Bocquet and D. Dornfeld Eds. Springer Netherlands 427--436.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-5588-5_43"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","volume-title":"Sketching: Drawing Techniques for Product Designers","author":"Eissen K.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eissen , K. , and Steur , R . 2009 . Sketching: Drawing Techniques for Product Designers . BIS Publishers . Eissen, K., and Steur, R. 2009. Sketching: Drawing Techniques for Product Designers. BIS Publishers."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1531326.1531339"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","unstructured":"Hallgrimsson B. 2012. Prototyping and modelmaking for product design. Laurence King.  Hallgrimsson B. 2012. Prototyping and modelmaking for product design . Laurence King."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","unstructured":"Kelley T. 2001. The Art of Innovation: Lessons in Creativity from IDEO America's Leading Design Firm. Crown Business.  Kelley T. 2001. The Art of Innovation: Lessons in Creativity from IDEO America's Leading Design Firm . 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