{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T22:11:10Z","timestamp":1767046270155,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]],"date-time":"2014-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGCAS Comput. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper examines the case and background of Edward Snowden, the history and purpose of the National Security Agency (NSA), legality and American public opinion and its aftermath.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2684097.2684101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,24]],"date-time":"2014-10-24T15:29:07Z","timestamp":1414164547000},"page":"14-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The NSA and Edward Snowden"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"Verble","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Xavier University, Chicago IL"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Obama: US must \"win back the trust of ordinary citizens\" over data. 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Edward Snowden and the NSA files -- timeline. The Guardian. Accessed 30 Match 2014 &lt;http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jun\/23\/edward-snowden-nsa-files-timeline&gt;.  Gidda M. 2013. Edward Snowden and the NSA files -- timeline. The Guardian. Accessed 30 Match 2014 &lt;http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jun\/23\/edward-snowden-nsa-files-timeline&gt;."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Gorman S. 2006. Little-known contractor has close ties with staff of NSA. The Baltimore Sun. Accessed 27 April 2014 &lt;http:\/\/articles.baltimoresun.com\/2006-01-29\/news\/0601290158_1_saic-information-technology-intelligence-experts&gt;.  Gorman S. 2006. Little-known contractor has close ties with staff of NSA. The Baltimore Sun. Accessed 27 April 2014 &lt;http:\/\/articles.baltimoresun.com\/2006-01-29\/news\/0601290158_1_saic-information-technology-intelligence-experts&gt;."},{"volume":"28","journal-title":"Domestic Spying Grows. The Wall Street Journal. Accessed","author":"Gorman S.","key":"e_1_2_1_25_1"},{"volume-title":"Members of Congress denied access to basic information about NSA. The Guardian. Accessed","year":"2013","author":"Greenwald G.","key":"e_1_2_1_26_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"Greenwald G. 2013. NSA collecting phone records of millions of Verizon customers daily. The Guardian. Accessed 1 April 2014. &lt;http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jun\/06\/nsa-phone-records-verizon-court-order&gt;.  Greenwald G. 2013. NSA collecting phone records of millions of Verizon customers daily. The Guardian. Accessed 1 April 2014 . &lt;http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jun\/06\/nsa-phone-records-verizon-court-order&gt;."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Grier P. 2014. Does Edward Snowden deserve mercy? The Christian Science Monitor. Accessed 28 February 2014 &lt;http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/USA\/DC-Decoder\/Decoder-Buzz\/2014\/0124\/Does-Edward-Snowden-deserve-mercy&gt;.  Grier P. 2014. Does Edward Snowden deserve mercy? The Christian Science Monitor. Accessed 28 February 2014 &lt;http:\/\/www.csmonitor.com\/USA\/DC-Decoder\/Decoder-Buzz\/2014\/0124\/Does-Edward-Snowden-deserve-mercy&gt;."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"Griggs B. Gross D. 2014. Edward Snowden speaks at SXSW calls for public oversight of U.S. spy programs. CNN. Accessed 7 April 2014 &lt;http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2014\/03\/10\/tech\/web\/edward-snowden-sxsw\/index.html?iid=article_sidebar&gt;.  Griggs B. Gross D. 2014. Edward Snowden speaks at SXSW calls for public oversight of U.S. spy programs. CNN. Accessed 7 April 2014 &lt;http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2014\/03\/10\/tech\/web\/edward-snowden-sxsw\/index.html?iid=article_sidebar&gt;."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","unstructured":"Hampson R. 2013. Is Snowden a traitor or a public servant? USA Today. Accessed 28 February 2014 &lt;http:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/nation\/2013\/06\/10\/snowden-leaks-nsa-privacy-terrorist\/2408803\/>.  Hampson R. 2013. 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Reuters. Accessed 28 February 2014 . &lt;http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2013\/06\/12\/us-usa-security-snowden-hunt-idUSBRE95B1A220130612&gt;."},{"volume-title":"Meet The Anti-Glenn Greenwald, Who Has A Totally Different Take On The NSA Leaks. Business Insider. Accessed","year":"2013","author":"Ingersoll G.","key":"e_1_2_1_36_1"},{"volume":"28","journal-title":"Snowden Swiped Password From NSA Coworker. NBC News. Accessed","author":"Isikoff M.","key":"e_1_2_1_37_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","unstructured":"Kelley M. 2013. Edward Snowden Fled Hong Kong After Learning His Computer Could Be Taken Away. Business Insider. Accessed 1 April 2014. &lt;http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/why-edward-snowden-fled-hong-kong-2013-6&gt;.  Kelley M. 2013. Edward Snowden Fled Hong Kong After Learning His Computer Could Be Taken Away. Business Insider. 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Snowden extradition battle in Hong Kong could go on for years. Reuters. &lt;http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2013\/06\/22\/us-usa-security-snowden-hongkong-idUSBRE95L02X20130622&gt;.  Pomfret J. 2013. Snowden extradition battle in Hong Kong could go on for years. Reuters . &lt;http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/2013\/06\/22\/us-usa-security-snowden-hongkong-idUSBRE95L02X20130622&gt;."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","unstructured":"Rasmussen Reports. 2014. 24% Support Amnesty for Edward Snowden. Rasmussen Reports.com. &lt;http:\/\/www.rasmussenreports.com\/public_content\/politics\/general_politics\/march_2014\/24_support_amnesty_for_edward_snowden&gt;.  Rasmussen Reports. 2014. 24% Support Amnesty for Edward Snowden. 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Waterman S. 2014. National Security Agency. Wikipedia . &lt;http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nsa&gt;."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","unstructured":"Wolde H. T. 2014 Phones for outsmarting snoopers get pitched to mass market. Yahoo! News. &lt;http:\/\/news.yahoo.com\/mobile-privacy-sells-post-snowden-world-134136822--finance.html;_ylt=AwrBEiJknQtTwxwAU9_QtDMD&gt;.  Wolde H. T. 2014 Phones for outsmarting snoopers get pitched to mass market. Yahoo! News . &lt;http:\/\/news.yahoo.com\/mobile-privacy-sells-post-snowden-world-134136822--finance.html;_ylt=AwrBEiJknQtTwxwAU9_QtDMD&gt;."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","unstructured":"Wood L. T. 2014. How Could the Obama Admin Allow Snowden to Acquire Classified Information?. Breitbart. &lt;http:\/\/www.breitbart.com\/Big-Peace\/2014\/02\/14\/How-Obama-Administration-Allowed-Snowden-to-Acquire-the-Information&gt;.  Wood L. T. 2014. How Could the Obama Admin Allow Snowden to Acquire Classified Information?. Breitbart . &lt;http:\/\/www.breitbart.com\/Big-Peace\/2014\/02\/14\/How-Obama-Administration-Allowed-Snowden-to-Acquire-the-Information&gt;."}],"container-title":["ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2684097.2684101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2684097.2684101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T06:13:45Z","timestamp":1750227225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2684097.2684101"}},"subtitle":["surveillance in the 21st century"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2684097.2684101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2684097.2684101","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-2737"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0095-2737"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-10-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}