{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T12:22:15Z","timestamp":1790425335019,"version":"4.1.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":55,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,14]],"date-time":"2015-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000181","name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MURI award FA9550-12-1-0040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MURI award FA9550-12-1-0040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002418","name":"Intel Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ISTC for Secure Computing"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISTC for Secure Computing"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCF-0424422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCF-0424422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,14]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/2714576.2714635","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,3]],"date-time":"2015-04-03T16:27:14Z","timestamp":1428078434000},"page":"555-566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["The Performance Cost of Shadow Stacks and Stack Canaries"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Thurston H.Y.","family":"Dang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Maniatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"October","author":"Performance Advantages Processor Family","year":"2008","unstructured":"Itanium(R) Processor Family Performance Advantages : Register Stack Architecture. https:\/\/software.intel.com\/en-us\/articles\/itaniumr-processor-family-performance-advantages-register-stack-architecture , October 2008 . Itanium(R) Processor Family Performance Advantages: Register Stack Architecture. https:\/\/software.intel.com\/en-us\/articles\/itaniumr-processor-family-performance-advantages-register-stack-architecture, October 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"CPU2006: Read Me First. http:\/\/www.spec.org\/cpu2006\/Docs\/readme1st.html","author":"SPEC","year":"2011","unstructured":"SPEC CPU2006: Read Me First. http:\/\/www.spec.org\/cpu2006\/Docs\/readme1st.html , September 2011 . SPEC CPU2006: Read Me First. http:\/\/www.spec.org\/cpu2006\/Docs\/readme1st.html, September 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Software Optimization Guide for AMD Family 15h Processors. January 2012.  Software Optimization Guide for AMD Family 15h Processors. January 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"September","author":"ARM Information Center","year":"2013","unstructured":"ARM Information Center . http:\/\/infocenter.arm.com\/help\/index.jsp?topic=\/com.arm.doc.ddi0439d\/Chdedegj.html , September 2013 . ARM Information Center. http:\/\/infocenter.arm.com\/help\/index.jsp?topic=\/com.arm.doc.ddi0439d\/Chdedegj.html, September 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"May","author":"Stack Pivoting' Exploits Bypass Emerging","year":"2013","unstructured":"Emerging ' Stack Pivoting' Exploits Bypass Common Security . http:\/\/blogs.mcafee.com\/mcafee-labs\/emerging-stack-pivoting-exploits-bypass-common-security , May 2013 . Emerging 'Stack Pivoting' Exploits Bypass Common Security. http:\/\/blogs.mcafee.com\/mcafee-labs\/emerging-stack-pivoting-exploits-bypass-common-security, May 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Intel(R) 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual. March 2014.  Intel(R) 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual. March 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1609956.1609960"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"USENIX ATC","author":"Baratloo A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"A. Baratloo , N. Singh , and T. K. Tsai . Transparent Run-Time Defense Against Stack-Smashing Attacks . In USENIX ATC , 2000 . A. Baratloo, N. Singh, and T. K. Tsai. Transparent Run-Time Defense Against Stack-Smashing Attacks. In USENIX ATC, 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"USENIX Security","author":"Bhatkar S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"S. Bhatkar , D. C. DuVarney , and R. Sekar . Efficient Techniques for Comprehensive Protection from Memory Error Exploits . In USENIX Security , 2005 . S. Bhatkar, D. C. DuVarney, and R. Sekar. Efficient Techniques for Comprehensive Protection from Memory Error Exploits. In USENIX Security, 2005."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"SPEC Benchmark Workshop","author":"Bird S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"S. Bird , A. Phansalkar , L. K. John , A. Mericas , and R. Indukuru . Performance Characterization of SPEC CPU Benchmarks on Intel's Core Microarchitecture Based Processor . In SPEC Benchmark Workshop , 2007 . S. Bird, A. Phansalkar, L. K. John, A. Mericas, and R. Indukuru. Performance Characterization of SPEC CPU Benchmarks on Intel's Core Microarchitecture Based Processor. In SPEC Benchmark Workshop, 2007."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1966913.1966919"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1181309.1181316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"USENIX Security","author":"Carlini N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"N. Carlini and D. Wagner . ROP is still dangerous: Breaking modern defenses . In USENIX Security , 2014 . N. Carlini and D. Wagner. ROP is still dangerous: Breaking modern defenses. In USENIX Security, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1866307.1866370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"ICDCS","author":"Chiueh T.-c.","year":"2001","unstructured":"T.-c. Chiueh and F.-H. Hsu . RAD : A compile-time solution to buffer over flow attacks . In ICDCS , 2001 . T.-c. Chiueh and F.-H. Hsu. RAD: A compile-time solution to buffer over flow attacks. In ICDCS, 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1055626.1055636"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/950792.951377"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2593069.2596656"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"USENIX Security","author":"Davi L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"L. Davi , D. Lehmann , A.-R. Sadeghi , and F. Monrose . Stitching the gadgets: On the ineffectiveness of coarse-grained control-flow integrity protection . In USENIX Security , 2014 . L. Davi, D. Lehmann, A.-R. Sadeghi, and F. Monrose. Stitching the gadgets: On the ineffectiveness of coarse-grained control-flow integrity protection. In USENIX Security, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1966913.1966920"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"OSDI","author":"Abadi M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"\u00da. Erlingsson, M. Abadi , M. Vrable , M. Budiu , and G. C. Necula . XFI: Software guards for system address spaces . In OSDI , 2006 . \u00da. Erlingsson, M. Abadi, M. Vrable, M. Budiu, and G. C. Necula. XFI: Software guards for system address spaces. In OSDI, 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"AMD and VIA CPUs. www.agner.org\/optimize\/microarchitecture.pdf","author":"Fog A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"A. Fog . The microarchitecture of Intel , AMD and VIA CPUs. www.agner.org\/optimize\/microarchitecture.pdf , August 2014 . A. Fog. The microarchitecture of Intel, AMD and VIA CPUs. www.agner.org\/optimize\/microarchitecture.pdf, August 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"USENIX Security","author":"Frantzen M.","year":"2001","unstructured":"M. Frantzen and M. Shuey . StackGhost: Hardware Facilitated Stack Protection . In USENIX Security , 2001 . M. Frantzen and M. Shuey. StackGhost: Hardware Facilitated Stack Protection. In USENIX Security, 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Out of control: Overcoming control-flow integrity","author":"G\u00f6ktas E.","year":"2014","unstructured":"E. G\u00f6ktas , E. Athanasopoulos , H. Bos , and G. Portokalidis . Out of control: Overcoming control-flow integrity . In IEEE S &P, 2014 . E. G\u00f6ktas, E. Athanasopoulos, H. Bos, and G. Portokalidis. Out of control: Overcoming control-flow integrity. In IEEE S&P, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1138912.1138926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECS.2006.379629"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"SPEC Benchmark Workshop","author":"Isen C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"C. Isen and L. John . On the object orientedness of c++ programs in spec cpu 2006 . In SPEC Benchmark Workshop , 2008 . C. Isen and L. John. On the object orientedness of c++ programs in spec cpu 2006. In SPEC Benchmark Workshop, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSE.2009.369"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"OSDI","author":"Kuznetsov V.","year":"2014","unstructured":"V. Kuznetsov , L. Szekeres , M. Payer , G. Candea , R. Sekar , and D. Song . Code-Pointer Integrity . In OSDI , 2014 . V. Kuznetsov, L. Szekeres, M. Payer, G. Candea, R. Sekar, and D. Song. Code-Pointer Integrity. In OSDI, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-39881-3_21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Cryptographically enforced control flow integrity. In arXiv:1408.1451","author":"Mashtizadeh A. J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"A. J. Mashtizadeh , A. Bittau , D. Mazi\u00e8res , and D. Boneh . Cryptographically enforced control flow integrity. In arXiv:1408.1451 , 2014 . A. J. Mashtizadeh, A. Bittau, D. Mazi\u00e8res, and D. Boneh. Cryptographically enforced control flow integrity. In arXiv:1408.1451, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/36205.36194"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"USENIX Security","author":"McCamant S.","year":"2006","unstructured":"S. McCamant and G. Morrisett . Evaluating SFI for a CISC Architecture . In USENIX Security , 2006 . S. McCamant and G. Morrisett. Evaluating SFI for a CISC Architecture. In USENIX Security, 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1508244.1508275"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2006.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Smashing the stack for fun and profit. Phrack magazine","author":"One A.","year":"1996","unstructured":"A. One . Smashing the stack for fun and profit. Phrack magazine , 1996 . A. One. Smashing the stack for fun and profit. Phrack magazine, 1996."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-21424-0_13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2006.166"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACT.2007.358715"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1952682.1952703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2012.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"USENIX ATC","author":"Prasad M.","year":"2003","unstructured":"M. Prasad and T.-c. Chiueh . A Binary Rewriting Defense Against Stack based Buffer Over flow Attacks . In USENIX ATC , 2003 . M. Prasad and T.-c. Chiueh. A Binary Rewriting Defense Against Stack based Buffer Over flow Attacks. In USENIX ATC, 2003."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"USENIX ATC","author":"Serebryany K.","year":"2012","unstructured":"K. Serebryany , D. Bruening , A. Potapenko , and D. Vyukov . AddressSanitizer: A Fast Address Sanity Checker . In USENIX ATC , 2012 . K. Serebryany, D. Bruening, A. Potapenko, and D. Vyukov. AddressSanitizer: A Fast Address Sanity Checker. In USENIX ATC, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1315245.1315313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11556992_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","unstructured":"S. Sinnadurai Q. Zhao and W. fai Wong. Transparent runtime shadow stack: Protection against malicious return address modifications. http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.120.5702&rep=rep1&type=pdf 2008.  S. Sinnadurai Q. Zhao and W. fai Wong. Transparent runtime shadow stack: Protection against malicious return address modifications. http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.120.5702&rep=rep1&type=pdf 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2013.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"USENIX Security","author":"Tice C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"C. Tice , T. Roeder , P. Collingbourne , S. Checkoway , \u00da. Erlingsson, L. Lozano , and G. Pike . Enforcing forward-edge control-flow integrity in gcc & llvm . In USENIX Security , 2014 . C. Tice, T. Roeder, P. Collingbourne, S. Checkoway, \u00da. Erlingsson, L. Lozano, and G. Pike. Enforcing forward-edge control-flow integrity in gcc & llvm. In USENIX Security, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"http:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/sk\/stackshield\/info.html","author":"Shield Stack","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vendicator. Stack Shield . http:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/sk\/stackshield\/info.html , 2000 . Vendicator. Stack Shield. http:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/sk\/stackshield\/info.html, 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"GCC Developers Summit","author":"Wagle P.","year":"2003","unstructured":"P. Wagle and C. Cowan . Stackguard: Simple stack smash protection for gcc . In GCC Developers Summit , 2003 . P. Wagle and C. Cowan. Stackguard: Simple stack smash protection for gcc. In GCC Developers Summit, 2003."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/168619.168635"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","volume-title":"Workshop on Evaluating and Architecting Systems for Dependability","author":"Xu J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"J. Xu , Z. Kalbarczyk , S. Patel , and R. K. Iyer . Architecture support for defending against buffer over flow attacks . In Workshop on Evaluating and Architecting Systems for Dependability , 2002 . J. Xu, Z. Kalbarczyk, S. Patel, and R. K. Iyer. Architecture support for defending against buffer over flow attacks. In Workshop on Evaluating and Architecting Systems for Dependability, 2002."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2013.44"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2576195.2576208"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"USENIX Security","author":"Zhang M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"M. Zhang and R. Sekar . Control Flow Integrity for COTS Binaries . In USENIX Security , 2013 . M. Zhang and R. Sekar. Control Flow Integrity for COTS Binaries. In USENIX Security, 2013."}],"event":{"name":"ASIA CCS '15: 10th ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security","location":"Singapore Republic of Singapore","acronym":"ASIA CCS '15","sponsor":["SIGSAC ACM Special Interest Group on Security, Audit, and Control"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 10th ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2714576.2714635","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2714576.2714635","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T06:16:54Z","timestamp":1750227414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2714576.2714635"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,14]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2714576.2714635","10.1145\/2714576"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2714576.2714635","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-04-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}