{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:16:12Z","timestamp":1750306572455,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]],"date-time":"2015-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGMOBILE Mob. Comput. Commun. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mobile opportunistic networking utilizes device-to-device communication to provide messaging and content sharing mechanisms between mobile users without the need for supporting infrastructure networks. However, enabling opportunistic networking in practice requires a sufficient number of users to download, install, and run the respective routing and application software to provide sufficient node density, and thus connectivity for the network to actually function.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In this paper, we explore reaching out to nodes that have not (yet) installed any dedicated software to: (1) allow them to access public content in an opportunistic network to possibly seed their interest and (2) instrument them to assist as (limited) message carriers to improve connectivity. We report on our system design and implementation and offer performance insights gained from simulations and initial experiments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2721896.2721899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,16]],"date-time":"2015-01-16T14:29:58Z","timestamp":1421418598000},"page":"10-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhancing Opportunistic Networks with Legacy Nodes"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Marcin","family":"Nagy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalto University, Comnet, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teemu","family":"K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalto University, Comnet, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalto University, Comnet, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNCW.2012.6215519"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"15","author":"Cao Y.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Y. Cao and Z. Sun . Routing in Delay\/Disruption Tolerant Networks: A Taxonomy, Survey and Challenges. IEEE Comm. Surveys & Tutorials , 15 , 2012 . Y. Cao and Z. Sun. Routing in Delay\/Disruption Tolerant Networks: A Taxonomy, Survey and Challenges. IEEE Comm. Surveys & Tutorials, 15, 2012.","journal-title":"IEEE Comm. Surveys & Tutorials"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Delaytolerant networking architecture. RFC","author":"Cerf Vinton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vinton Cerf , Scott Burleigh , Adrian Hooke , Leigh Torgerson , Robert Durst , Keith Scott , Kevin Fall , and Howard Weiss . Delaytolerant networking architecture. RFC 4838, April 2007 . Vinton Cerf, Scott Burleigh, Adrian Hooke, Leigh Torgerson, Robert Durst, Keith Scott, Kevin Fall, and Howard Weiss. Delaytolerant networking architecture. RFC 4838, April 2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Delay Tolerant Networking TCP Convergence Layer Protocol. Experimental RFC","author":"Demmer Mike","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mike Demmer , J\u00f6rg Ott , and Simon Perreault . Delay Tolerant Networking TCP Convergence Layer Protocol. Experimental RFC 7242, June 2014 . Mike Demmer, J\u00f6rg Ott, and Simon Perreault. Delay Tolerant Networking TCP Convergence Layer Protocol. Experimental RFC 7242, June 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/863955.863960"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"66","volume":"7","author":"Frenkiel R. H.","year":"2000","unstructured":"R. H. Frenkiel , B. R. Badrinath , J. Borres , and R. D. Yates . The Infostations challenge: balancing cost and ubiquity in delivering wireless data. IEEE Wireless Communications , 7 ( 2 ): 66 -- 71 , 2000 . R. H. Frenkiel, B. R. Badrinath, J. Borres, and R. D. Yates. The Infostations challenge: balancing cost and ubiquity in delivering wireless data. IEEE Wireless Communications, 7(2):66--71, 2000.","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peva.2005.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2414393.2414394"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"J\u00f6rg Ott. Practical Voice Communications in Challenged Networks. In Proc. ExtremeCom","author":"Tarikul Islam Md.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Md. Tarikul Islam , Anssi Turkulainen , Teemu K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen , Mikko Pitk\u00e4nen , and J\u00f6rg Ott. Practical Voice Communications in Challenged Networks. In Proc. ExtremeCom , 2009 . Md. Tarikul Islam, Anssi Turkulainen, Teemu K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen, Mikko Pitk\u00e4nen, and J\u00f6rg Ott. Practical Voice Communications in Challenged Networks. In Proc. ExtremeCom, 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Ossi Karkulahti. Floating Content: Information Availability in Urban Environments. In Proc. of IEEE Percom, Work in Progress session","author":"Kangasharju Jussi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jussi Kangasharju , J\u00f6rg Ott , and Ossi Karkulahti. Floating Content: Information Availability in Urban Environments. In Proc. of IEEE Percom, Work in Progress session , March 2010 . Jussi Kangasharju, J\u00f6rg Ott, and Ossi Karkulahti. Floating Content: Information Availability in Urban Environments. In Proc. of IEEE Percom, Work in Progress session, March 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen and J\u00f6rg Ott. Liberouter: Towards Autonomous Neighborhood Networking. In Proc. of IEEE WONS","author":"Teemu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Teemu K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen and J\u00f6rg Ott. Liberouter: Towards Autonomous Neighborhood Networking. In Proc. of IEEE WONS , 2014 . Teemu K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen and J\u00f6rg Ott. Liberouter: Towards Autonomous Neighborhood Networking. In Proc. of IEEE WONS, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2348616.2348636"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4108\/ICST.SIMUTOOLS2009.5674"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Kristol and Lou Montulli. HTTP State Management Mechanism. RFC","author":"David","year":"1997","unstructured":"David M. Kristol and Lou Montulli. HTTP State Management Mechanism. RFC 2109, February 1997 . David M. Kristol and Lou Montulli. HTTP State Management Mechanism. RFC 2109, February 1997."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2505494.2505505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1374512.1374535"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2030652.2030674"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"J\u00f6rg Ott. PeerShare: PeerShare: A System Secure Distribution of Sensitive Data Among Social Contacts. In Proc. of NordSec","author":"Nagy Marcin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marcin Nagy , N. Asokan , and J\u00f6rg Ott. PeerShare: PeerShare: A System Secure Distribution of Sensitive Data Among Social Contacts. In Proc. of NordSec , October 2013 . Marcin Nagy, N. Asokan, and J\u00f6rg Ott. PeerShare: PeerShare: A System Secure Distribution of Sensitive Data Among Social Contacts. In Proc. of NordSec, October 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2159576.2159579"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1487652.1487654"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PERCOM.2010.5466997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Bundle Protocol Specification. RFC","author":"Scott Keith","year":"2007","unstructured":"Keith Scott and Scott Burleigh . Bundle Protocol Specification. RFC 5050, November 2007 . Keith Scott and Scott Burleigh. Bundle Protocol Specification. RFC 5050, November 2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1247694.1247711"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1080139.1080143"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2008.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2030652.2030664"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"W3C. Web Storage 2013.  W3C. Web Storage 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2030652.2030666"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11753810_69"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MOBHOC.2006.278570"}],"container-title":["ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2721896.2721899","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2721896.2721899","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T06:13:27Z","timestamp":1750227207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2721896.2721899"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2721896.2721899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2721896.2721899","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-1662","1931-1222"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1559-1662"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1931-1222"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-01-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}