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Des. Autom. Electron. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Due to many attractive and unique properties, NAND flash memory has been widely adopted in mission-critical hard real-time systems and some soft real-time systems. However, the nondeterministic garbage collection operation in NAND flash memory makes it difficult to predict the system response time of each data request. This article presents\n            <jats:italic>Lazy-RTGC<\/jats:italic>\n            , a real-time lazy garbage collection mechanism for NAND flash memory storage systems. Lazy-RTGC adopts two design optimization techniques: on-demand page-level address mappings, and partial garbage collection. On-demand page-level address mappings can achieve high performance of address translation and can effectively manage the flash space with the minimum RAM cost. On the other hand, partial garbage collection can provide the guaranteed system response time. By adopting these techniques, Lazy-RTGC jointly optimizes both the average and the worst system response time, and provides a lower bound of reclaimed free space. Lazy-RTGC is implemented in FlashSim and compared with representative real-time NAND flash memory management schemes. Experimental results show that our technique can significantly improve both the average and worst system performance with very low extra flash-space requirements.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2746236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,25]],"date-time":"2015-06-25T14:36:19Z","timestamp":1435242979000},"page":"1-32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Lazy-RTGC"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuandong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linzhang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen University and The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zili","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee (Aeec). 1991. 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