{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:14:08Z","timestamp":1750306448379,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,2]],"date-time":"2015-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The high density of interconnects, closer proximity of modules, and routing phase are pivotal during the layout of a performance-centric<jats:italic>three-dimensional integrated circuit<\/jats:italic>(3D IC). Heuristic-based approaches are typically used to handle such NP-complete problems of global routing in 3D ICs. To overcome the inherent limitations of deterministic approaches, a novel methodology for multi-objective global routing based on fuzzy logic has been proposed in this article. The guiding information generated after the placement phase is used during routing with the help of a fuzzy expert system to achieve thermally efficient and congestion-free routing. A complete global routing solution is designed based on the proposed algorithms and the results are compared with selected fully established global routers, namely Labyrinth, FastRoute3.0, NTHU-R, BoxRouter 2.0, FGR, NTHU-Route2.0, FastRoute4.0, NCTU-GR, MGR, and NCTU-GR2.0. Experiments are performed over ISPD 1998 and 2008 benchmarks. The proposed router, called<jats:italic>FuzzRoute<\/jats:italic>, achieves balanced superiority in terms of routability, runtime, and wirelength over others. The improvements on routing time for Labyrinth, BoxRouter 2.0, and FGR are 91.81%, 86.87%, and 32.16%, respectively, for ISPD 1998 benchmarks. It may be noted that, though FastRoute3.0 achieves fastest runtime, it fails to generate congestion-free solutions for all benchmarks, which is overcome by the proposed FuzzRoute of the current article. It also shows wirelength improvements of 17.35%, 2.88%, 2.44%, 2.83%, and 2.10%, respectively, over others for ISPD 1998 benchmarks. For ISPD 2008 benchmark circuits it also provides 2.5%, 2.6%, 1 %, 1.1%, and 0.3% lesser wirelength and averagely runs 1.68\u00d7, 6.42\u00d7, 2.21\u00d7, 0.76\u00d7, and 1.54\u00d7 faster than NTHU-Route2.0, FastRoute4.0, NCTU-GR, MGR, and NCTU-GR2.0, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2767127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]],"date-time":"2015-12-04T13:43:07Z","timestamp":1449236587000},"page":"1-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["FuzzRoute"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Debashri","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prasun","family":"Ghosal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saraju","family":"Mohanty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas, Denton, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,2]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Fuzzy Model Identification for Control","author":"Abonyi J.","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"J. 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