{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T09:08:52Z","timestamp":1770282532666,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1302267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1302267"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Appl. Percept."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>It is known that humans can be insensitive to large changes in illumination. For example, if an object of interest is extracted from one digital photograph and inserted into another, we do not always notice the differences in illumination between the object and its new background. This inability to spot illumination inconsistencies is often the key to success in digital \u201cdoctoring\u201d operations. We present a set of experiments in which we explore the perception of illumination in outdoor scenes. Our results can be used to predict when and why inconsistencies go unnoticed. Applications of the knowledge gained from our studies include smarter digital \u201ccut-and-paste\u201d and digital \u201cfake\u201d detection tools, and image-based composite scene backgrounds for layout and previsualization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2810038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]],"date-time":"2015-09-15T12:09:15Z","timestamp":1442318955000},"page":"1-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Perception of Lighting Inconsistencies in Composite Outdoor Scenes"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Minghui","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, CT, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Lalonde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lavanya","family":"Sharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Rushmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, CT, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"O'Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Los Angeles, Glendale, CA, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/434301a"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CAD\/Graphics.2011.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1394281.1394295"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1870076.1870078"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2005.00887.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","volume-title":"Multisensory oddity detection as Bayesian inference. 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Jean-Francois Lalonde and Alexei A. Efros. 2007. Using color compatibility for assessing image realism. In IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'07). 1--8."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1618452.1618477"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-011-0501-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DV.2014.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12195"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1836248.1836252"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","volume-title":"Perceiving illumination inconsistencies in scenes. Perception 34 (Nov","author":"Ostrovsky Yuri","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yuri Ostrovsky , Patrick Cavanagh , and Pawan Sinha . 2005. Perceiving illumination inconsistencies in scenes. Perception 34 (Nov . 2005 ), 1301--1314. Yuri Ostrovsky, Patrick Cavanagh, and Pawan Sinha. 2005. 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