{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T04:22:15Z","timestamp":1783484535896,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]],"date-time":"2015-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"ICTe-collective projects"},{"name":"ESRC\/EPSRC Cognitive Foresight Programme project TESS"},{"name":"British Academy Centenary Project Lucy to Language"},{"name":"EU-FP7 SocialNets"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Internet Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A social trust model is presented for investigating social relationships and social networks in the real world and in social media. The results demonstrate that multilevel social structures, with a few strong relationships, more medium ties, and large numbers of weak ties, emerge in an evolutionary simulation when well-being and alliances are rewarded with high levels of social interaction. \u2018Favour-the-few\u2019 trust strategies were more competitive than others under a wide range of fitness conditions, suggesting that the development of complex, multilevel social structures depends on capacity for high investment in social time and preferential social interaction strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2815620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,30]],"date-time":"2015-11-30T19:03:44Z","timestamp":1448910224000},"page":"1-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Modelling the Role of Trust in Social Relationships"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Alistair G.","family":"Sutcliffe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin I. M.","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.117.3.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2011.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/554879"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development","author":"Bowlby J.","unstructured":"J. Bowlby . 1990. A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development . Basic Books , London . J. Bowlby. 1990. A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. Basic Books, London."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08939302020003009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1701_01"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1979.45.2.547"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"National culture and the development of trust: The need for more data and more theory","volume":"24","author":"Cannon J.","year":"1998","unstructured":"J. Cannon , P. Doney , and M. Mullen . 1998 . National culture and the development of trust: The need for more data and more theory . Academy of Management Review 24 , 1, 8 -- 11 . J. Cannon, P. Doney, and M. Mullen. 1998. National culture and the development of trust: The need for more data and more theory. Academy of Management Review 24, 1, 8--11.","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Castelfranchi and R. Falcone. 2010. Trust theory: A socio-cognitive and computational model. John Wiley Chichester.   C. Castelfranchi and R. Falcone. 2010. Trust theory: A socio-cognitive and computational model. John Wiley Chichester.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470519851"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"The selfish gene","author":"Dawkins R.","unstructured":"R. Dawkins . 1976. The selfish gene . London : Oxford University Press . R. Dawkins. 1976. The selfish gene. London: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00032325"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6505(1998)6:5<178::AID-EVAN5>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Mind the Gap: Tracing the Origins of Human Universals","author":"Dunbar R. I. M.","unstructured":"R. I. M. Dunbar . 2010. Brain and behaviour in primate evolution . In P. H. Kappeler and J. Silk (Eds.), Mind the Gap: Tracing the Origins of Human Universals . Springer , Berlin , 315--330. R. I. M. Dunbar. 2010. Brain and behaviour in primate evolution. In P. H. Kappeler and J. Silk (Eds.), Mind the Gap: Tracing the Origins of Human Universals. Springer, Berlin, 315--330."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02734142"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2006.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2009.00080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. B. Ellison and D. Boyd. 2013. Sociality through social network sites. In W. H. Dutton. (Ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Internet Studies. Oxford University Press Oxford 151--172.  N. B. Ellison and D. Boyd. 2013. Sociality through social network sites. In W. H. Dutton. (Ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Internet Studies. Oxford University Press Oxford 151--172.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199589074.013.0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444810385389"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Falcone and C. Castelfranchi. 2001a. Social trust: A cognitive approach. In C. Castelfranchi and Y. Tan (Eds.) Trust and Deception in Virtual Societies. Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston 55--90.   R. Falcone and C. Castelfranchi. 2001a. Social trust: A cognitive approach. In C. Castelfranchi and Y. Tan (Eds.) Trust and Deception in Virtual Societies. Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston 55--90.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-3614-5_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/646674.701821"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/365024.365037"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a2338"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Milton Keynes: Open University Press.","author":"Gilbert N.","year":"2005","unstructured":"N. Gilbert and K. G. Troitzsch . 2005 . Simulation for the Social Scientist . Milton Keynes: Open University Press. N. Gilbert and K. G. Troitzsch. 2005. Simulation for the Social Scientist. Milton Keynes: Open University Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1183463.1183470"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/225469"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167206291006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.48.4.909"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026540758900600102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1946.9917275"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000276503"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2005.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","article-title":"Evolution of cooperation when feedback to reputation scores is voluntary","volume":"9","author":"Janssen M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"M. Janssen . 2006 . Evolution of cooperation when feedback to reputation scores is voluntary . Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 9 , 1 Retrieved October 24, 2015 from http:&sol;&sol;jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk&sol;9&sol;1&sol;17.html. M. Janssen. 2006. Evolution of cooperation when feedback to reputation scores is voluntary. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 9, 1 Retrieved October 24, 2015 from http:&sol;&sol;jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk&sol;9&sol;1&sol;17.html.","journal-title":"Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1357054.1357213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.50.1.569"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1180875.1180901"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240695"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/351903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSE.2009.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Trust and Reciprocity: Interdisciplinary Lessons from Experimental Research","author":"McCabe K. A.","unstructured":"K. A. McCabe . 2002. A cognitive theory of reciprocal exchange . In E. Ostrom and J. Walker (Eds.), Trust and Reciprocity: Interdisciplinary Lessons from Experimental Research . Russel Sage Foundation , New York , 147--169. K. A. McCabe. 2002. A cognitive theory of reciprocal exchange. In E. Ostrom and J. Walker (Eds.), Trust and Reciprocity: Interdisciplinary Lessons from Experimental Research. Russel Sage Foundation, New York, 147--169."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Theory of Mind: Children, Autism and Apes","author":"Mitchell P.","unstructured":"P. Mitchell . 1997. Introduction to Theory of Mind: Children, Autism and Apes . Arnold , London . P. Mitchell. 1997. Introduction to Theory of Mind: Children, Autism and Apes. Arnold, London."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","first-page":"537","article-title":"Evolution of indirect reciprocity by image scoring","volume":"383","author":"Nowak M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"M. Nowak and K. Sigmund . 1998 . Evolution of indirect reciprocity by image scoring . Nature 383 , 537 -- 577 . M. Nowak and K. Sigmund. 1998. Evolution of indirect reciprocity by image scoring. Nature 383, 537--577.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04131"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"Trust and Reciprocity: Interdisciplinary Lessons from Experimental Research","author":"Ostrom E.","unstructured":"E. Ostrom . 2002. Towards a behavioural theory linking trust, reciprocity and reputation . In E. Ostrom and J. Walker (Eds.), Trust and Reciprocity: Interdisciplinary Lessons from Experimental Research . Russel Sage Foundation , New York , 19--79. E. Ostrom. 2002. Towards a behavioural theory linking trust, reciprocity and reputation. In E. Ostrom and J. Walker (Eds.), Trust and Reciprocity: Interdisciplinary Lessons from Experimental Research. Russel Sage Foundation, New York, 19--79."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.23.3.413.35460"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.2000.tb00761.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.49.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/642611.642634"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6811.2010.01310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2010.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6811.2010.01310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2491"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407586033002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00221325.1995.9914839"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0031464"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11767138_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18564\/jasss.1944"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.2011.02061.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2011.555318"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","unstructured":"B. Wellman B. Hogan K. Berg etal 2006. Connected lives: The project. In P. Purcell (Ed.) Networked Neighborhoods. Springer Berlin.  B. Wellman B. Hogan K. Berg et al. 2006. Connected lives: The project. In P. Purcell (Ed.) Networked Neighborhoods. Springer Berlin."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222500212989"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Internet Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2815620","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2815620","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T05:48:21Z","timestamp":1750225701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2815620"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2815620"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2815620","relation":{},"ISSN":["1533-5399","1557-6051"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1533-5399","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-6051","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-08-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-08-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-11-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}