{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T02:12:00Z","timestamp":1774059120702,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]],"date-time":"2015-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present an interactive tool for designing physical surfaces made from flexible interlocking quadrilateral elements of a single size and shape. With the element shape fixed, the design task becomes one of finding a discrete structure---i.e., element connectivity and binary orientations---that leads to a desired geometry. In order to address this challenging problem of combinatorial geometry, we propose a forward modeling tool that allows the user to interactively explore the space of feasible designs. Paralleling principles from conventional modeling software, our approach leverages a library of base shapes that can be instantiated, combined, and extended using two fundamental operations: merging and extrusion. In order to assist the user in building the designs, we furthermore propose a method to automatically generate assembly instructions. We demonstrate the versatility of our method by creating a diverse set of digital and physical examples that can serve as personalized lamps or decorative items.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2816795.2818128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]],"date-time":"2015-10-27T12:36:39Z","timestamp":1445949399000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Interactive surface design with interlocking elements"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"M\u00e9lina","family":"Skouras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Zurich and ETH Z\u00fcrich and MIT CSAIL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stelian","family":"Coros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Zurich and Carnegie Mellon University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eitan","family":"Grinspun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Thomaszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disney Research Zurich"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2537852"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1268517.1268522"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2461912.2461932"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng B. Bouaziz S. Deuss M. Kaspar A. Schwartzburg Y. and Pauly M. 2015. Interactive design exploration for constrained meshes. Computer-Aided Design 61.  Deng B. Bouaziz S. Deuss M. Kaspar A. Schwartzburg Y. and Pauly M. 2015. Interactive design exploration for constrained meshes. 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Practical quad mesh simplification . In Proc. of Eurographics '10 . Tarini, M., Pietroni, N., Cignoni, P., Panozzo, D., and Puppo, E. 2010. Practical quad mesh simplification. In Proc. of Eurographics '10."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2185520.2185583"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1618452.1618458"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2010324.1964992"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2070781.2024158"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Zometool rationalization of freeform surfaces","volume":"20","author":"Zimmer H.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zimmer , H. , and Kobbelt , L. 2014 . Zometool rationalization of freeform surfaces . IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics 20 , 10 . Zimmer, H., and Kobbelt, L. 2014. Zometool rationalization of freeform surfaces. 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