{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T18:18:49Z","timestamp":1776104329237,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":65,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,7]],"date-time":"2016-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1228777"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1228777"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,7]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858270","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,5]],"date-time":"2016-05-05T10:08:22Z","timestamp":1462442902000},"page":"3722-3735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Free-Form Gesture Authentication in the Wild"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Yulong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gradeigh D.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janne","family":"Lindqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Oulasvirta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/322796.322806"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2785830.2785882"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089443930101900204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2012.49"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2012.44"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"The Password Thicket: Technical and Market Failures in Human Authentication on the Web. In 9th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, WEIS 2010","author":"Bonneau Joseph","year":"2010","unstructured":"Joseph Bonneau and S\u00f6ren Preibusch. 2010. The Password Thicket: Technical and Market Failures in Human Authentication on the Web. In 9th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, WEIS 2010. http:\/\/weis2010.econinfosec.org\/ papers\/session3\/weis2010_bonneau.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Jon Brodkin. 2012. 10 (or so) of the worst passwords exposed by the LinkedIn hack. (2012). http:\/\/arstechnica.com\/security\/2012\/06\/10-orso-of-the-worst-passwords-exposed-by-thelinkedin-hack\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Chaos Computer Club breaks Apple TouchID. (2013). Retrieved","year":"2015","unstructured":"ChaosComputerClub. 2013. Chaos Computer Club breaks Apple TouchID. (2013). Retrieved May 3 2015 from http:\/\/www.ccc.de\/en\/updates\/2013\/cccbreaks-apple-touchid."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1653662.1653722"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Karen Church Mauro Cherubini and Nuria Oliver. 2014. A Large-scale Study of Daily Information Needs Captured in Situ. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. (2014) 10:1-10:46. DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1145\/2552193 10.1145\/2552193","DOI":"10.1145\/2552193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2015.6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198709000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02138940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2015.134"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2660267.2660273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481329"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518837"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2501604.2501617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Discovering statistics using R","author":"Field Andy","unstructured":"Andy Field, Jeremy Miles, and Zo\u00e9 Field. 2012. Discovering statistics using R. SAGE Publications. 428-429 pages."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0041220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1242572.1242661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2012.2225048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Google NGram Viewer. (2013). Retrieved","year":"2015","unstructured":"Google. 2013. Google NGram Viewer. (2013). Retrieved May 3 2015 from http:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/ books\/ngrams\/books\/datasetsv2.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2014","author":"Harbach Marian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marian Harbach, Emanuel von Zezschwitz, Andreas Fichtner, Alexander De Luca, and Matthew Smith. 2014. It's a Hard Lock Life: A Field Study of Smartphone (Un)Locking Behavior and Risk Perception. In Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2014). USENIX Association, Menlo Park, CA, 213-230. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/ soups2014\/proceedings\/presentation\/harbach"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. Advances in psychology","author":"Hart Sandra G","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sandra G Hart and Lowell E Staveland. 1988. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. Advances in psychology (1988), 139-183."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"oclHashcat - advanced password recovery. (2015). Retrieved","year":"2015","unstructured":"hashcat. 2015. oclHashcat - advanced password recovery. (2015). Retrieved May 2 2015 from http:\/\/hashcat.net\/oclhashcat\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.15396924.2007.00978.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"KoreLogic Inc. 2015. KoreLogic Security.","year":"2015","unstructured":"KoreLogic Inc. 2015. KoreLogic Security. (2015). Retrieved May 2 2015 from http:\/\/www.korelogic.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10623-005-6343-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"KoreLogic HashCat Rules. (2010). Retrieved","year":"2015","unstructured":"KoreLogic. 2010. KoreLogic HashCat Rules. (2010). Retrieved May 1 2015 from http:\/\/contest2010.korelogic.com\/rules-hashcat.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"The \"web2\" File of English Words. (1999). Retrieved","author":"Lawler John","year":"2015","unstructured":"John Lawler. 1999. The \"web2\" File of English Words. (1999). Retrieved May 3 2015 http:\/\/wwwpersonal.umich.edu\/?jlawler\/wordlist."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753654"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2785830.2785835"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240758"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2470701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2481383"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1054972.1055101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Picture superiority in free recall: Imagery or dual coding? Cognitive psychology 5, 2","author":"Paivio Allan","year":"1973","unstructured":"Allan Paivio and Kalman Csapo. 1973. Picture superiority in free recall: Imagery or dual coding? Cognitive psychology 5, 2 (1973), 176-206."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2628363.2628364"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2628363.2628378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208543"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978--3--319-07308--8_23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2500423.2500434"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2594368.2594375"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","volume-title":"Smartphone Use","author":"Smith Aaron","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aaron Smith. 2015. U.S. Smartphone Use in 2015. (2015). Retrieved August 27 2015 from http:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/2015\/04\/01\/ussmartphone-use-in-2015\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702365"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"I just met you, and this is crazy, but here's my hashes, so hack me maybe?","author":"SpiderLabs Trustwave","year":"2012","unstructured":"Trustwave SpiderLabs. 2012. Hey, I just met you, and this is crazy, but here's my hashes, so hack me maybe? (2012). Retrieved Feb 12 2015 from https:\/\/www.trustwave.com\/Resources\/SpiderLabsBlog\/Hey,-I-just-met-you,-and-this-is-crazy,but-here-s-my-hashes,-so-hack-me-maybe-\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"Spoofing fingerprints. (2013). Retrieved","year":"2015","unstructured":"SRLab. 2013. Spoofing fingerprints. (2013). Retrieved Feb 12 2015 from https:\/\/srlabs.de\/spoofing-fingerprints\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2501604.2501619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of NDSS","author":"Tian Jing","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jing Tian, Chengzhang Qu, Wenyuan Xu, and Song Wang. 2013. KinWrite: Handwriting-Based Authentication Using Kinect. In Proceedings of NDSS 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2508859.2516700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2831143.2831173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2639189.2639218"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2493190.2493231"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Individual Comparisons by Ranking Methods. Biometrics Bulletin","author":"Wilcoxon Frank","year":"1945","unstructured":"Frank Wilcoxon. 1945. Individual Comparisons by Ranking Methods. Biometrics Bulletin (1945), 80-83."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Text Entry Method Affects Password Security. In The LASER Workshop: Learning from Authoritative Security Experiment Results (LASER 2014","author":"Yang Yulong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yulong Yang, Janne Lindqvist, and Antti Oulasvirta. 2014. Text Entry Method Affects Password Security. In The LASER Workshop: Learning from Authoritative Security Experiment Results (LASER 2014). https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/laser2014\/ program\/agenda\/presentation\/yang"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNP.2014.43"}],"event":{"name":"CHI'16: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"San Jose California USA","acronym":"CHI'16","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2858036.2858270","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2858036.2858270","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2858036.2858270","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T09:49:57Z","timestamp":1763459397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2858036.2858270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,7]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2858036.2858270","10.1145\/2858036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2858036.2858270","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-05-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}