{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T09:10:41Z","timestamp":1764493841557,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]],"date-time":"2016-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGCAS Comput. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this paper is to provide the systematic procedures of case study research. A robust case study protocol in the context of societal and ethical issues with a relevant guidelines will set to show how data should collect, present, and analyze. This paper takes in particular the context of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) as the phenomenon and investigates on how to apply the methodologies, which could assist us to identify the boundaries between societal and ethical issues and the emerging ICTs. As such, to interpret the collected data and build theory inductively, to have an excellent basis for further qualitative research within RRI context, systematic procedures are needed to conduct. This paper uses a holistic view to the literature for providing guidelines for conducting and reporting case study research for RRI context. It defines the information that needs to be gathered from the cases, the way this data is to be analyzed and the processes of reflections to be undertaken. Checklists for conducting the case study protocol are linked to each step of systematic procedures and applicable for researchers, ICT managers, reviewers, and readers to allow them taking account of societal and ethical aspects, in particular RRI principles in emerging ICTs in a proper way.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2874239.2874284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]],"date-time":"2016-01-07T14:04:54Z","timestamp":1452175494000},"page":"306-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case study research to reflect societal and ethical issues"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Emad","family":"Yaghmaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mads Clausen Institute, S\u00f8nderborg, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Brem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mads Clausen Institute, S\u00f8nderborg, Denmark"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bryant A. and Charmaz K. 2007. Introduction - Grounded theory research methods: Methods and practices. The Sage Handbook of Grounded Theory. edited by Bryant Antony; Charmaz Kathy Sage London 2--28.  Bryant A. and Charmaz K. 2007. Introduction - Grounded theory research methods: Methods and practices. The Sage Handbook of Grounded Theory. edited by Bryant Antony; Charmaz Kathy Sage London 2--28.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781848607941"},{"volume-title":"Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis","author":"Charmaz K.","key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Charmaz , K. 2006. Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis . Sage , London . Charmaz, K. 2006. Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Sage, London."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"In: C","author":"Charmaz K.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Charmaz , K. , and Henwood , K . 2007 . Grounded Theory. In: C . Willig and W. Stainton-Rogers Ed. The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research in Psychology. SAGE, London, Publications Ltd . 240--260. Charmaz, K., and Henwood, K. 2007. Grounded Theory. In: C. Willig and W. Stainton-Rogers Ed. The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research in Psychology. SAGE, London, Publications Ltd. 240--260."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5465\/19416520.2011.571520"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/hosp.2000.61.4.1875"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods","author":"Denzin N. K.","unstructured":"Denzin , N. K. 1978. The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods ( 2 nd ed.). New York : McGraw-Hill . Denzin, N. K. 1978. The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.1989.4308385"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eisenhardt K. M. and Graebner M. E. 2007. Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of management journal 50 1 25--32.  Eisenhardt K. M. and Graebner M. E. 2007. Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of management journal 50 1 25--32.","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2007.24160888"},{"volume-title":"Case Study Research for Business","author":"Farquhar J. D.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Farquhar , J. D. 2012. Case Study Research for Business . Sage Publications Ltd . Farquhar, J. D. 2012. Case Study Research for Business. Sage Publications Ltd."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Flick U. Von Kardorff E. and Steinke I. 2004. What is Qualitative Research? An Introduction to the Field in: A Companion to Qualitative Research edited by Uwe Flick et al Sage London 3--11.  Flick U. Von Kardorff E. and Steinke I. 2004. What is Qualitative Research? An Introduction to the Field in: A Companion to Qualitative Research edited by Uwe Flick et al Sage London 3--11."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01972240601059094"},{"volume-title":"Qualitative Research Practice: Concise Paperback Edition","author":"Flyvbjerg B.","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Flyvbjerg , B. 2007. Five misunderstandings about case-study research . In Qualitative Research Practice: Concise Paperback Edition . Sage , 390--404. Flyvbjerg, B. 2007. Five misunderstandings about case-study research. In Qualitative Research Practice: Concise Paperback Edition. Sage, 390--404."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Glaser B. G. 1978. Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory. Sociology Pr.  Glaser B. G. 1978. Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory. Sociology Pr."},{"volume-title":"The grounded theory perspective III: Theoretical coding","author":"Glaser B. G.","key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Glaser , B. G. 2005. The grounded theory perspective III: Theoretical coding . Sociology Press . Glaser, B. G. 2005. The grounded theory perspective III: Theoretical coding. Sociology Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Glaser B. and Strauss A. 1967. The Discoveryof Grounded Theory. Aldine Publishing Company. Hawthorne NY.  Glaser B. and Strauss A. 1967. The Discoveryof Grounded Theory. Aldine Publishing Company. Hawthorne NY."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Glaser B. and Strauss A. 1999. The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. de Gruyter New York.  Glaser B. and Strauss A. 1999. The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. de Gruyter New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","article-title":"Pragmatic action research","volume":"3","author":"Greenwood D.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Greenwood , D. 2007 . Pragmatic action research . International Journal of Action Research , 3 , 1\/2, 131--148. Greenwood, D. 2007. Pragmatic action research. International Journal of Action Research, 3, 1\/2, 131--148.","journal-title":"International Journal of Action Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02393246"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800403262360"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203944769"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428113484969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/248698"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Locke K. 2002. Grounded Theory in Management Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage.  Locke K. 2002. Grounded Theory in Management Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage.","DOI":"10.4135\/9780857024428"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"CA: Sage.","author":"Miles M. B.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Miles , M. B. , and Huberman , A. M . 1994 . Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks . CA: Sage. Miles, M. B., and Huberman, A. M. 1994. Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks. CA: Sage."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"In-depth Interviewing: Researching people. Hong Kong: Longman Cheshire Pty Limited.","author":"Minichiello V.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Minichiello , V. , Aroni , R. , Timewell , E. , and Alexander , L . 1990 . In-depth Interviewing: Researching people. Hong Kong: Longman Cheshire Pty Limited. Minichiello, V., Aroni, R., Timewell, E., and Alexander, L. 1990. In-depth Interviewing: Researching people. Hong Kong: Longman Cheshire Pty Limited."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"Punch K. F. 1998. Introduction to Social Research: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage.  Punch K. F. 1998. Introduction to Social Research: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"London: Sage.","author":"Reason P.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Reason , P. , and Bradbury , H . 2008 . Handbook of action research ( 2 nd ed.). London: Sage. Reason, P., and Bradbury, H. 2008. Handbook of action research (2nd ed.). London: Sage.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Real World Research","author":"Robson C.","unstructured":"Robson , C. 2002. Real World Research . Blackwell , ( 2 nd ed.). Robson, C. 2002. Real World Research. Blackwell, (2nd ed.).","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"Shani A. B. (Rami) and Pasmore W. A. 1985. Organization inquiry: Towards a new model of the action research process. In D. D. Warrick (Ed.) Contemporary organization development: Current thinking and applications (pp. 438--448). Glenview IL: Scott Foresman {Reproduced in D Coghlan & A. B. (Rami) Shani (Ed.). (2010). Fundamentals of organization development London: Sage 1 249--260.  Shani A. B. (Rami) and Pasmore W. A. 1985. Organization inquiry: Towards a new model of the action research process. In D. D. Warrick (Ed.) Contemporary organization development: Current thinking and applications (pp. 438--448). Glenview IL: Scott Foresman {Reproduced in D Coghlan & A. B. (Rami) Shani (Ed.). (2010). Fundamentals of organization development London: Sage 1 249--260."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks.","author":"Strauss A.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Strauss , A. , and Corbin , J . 1998 . Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, 2 nd Ed., Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks. Strauss, A., and Corbin, J. 1998. Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, 2nd Ed., Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks.","edition":"2"},{"volume-title":"Case Study Research: Design and Methods","author":"Yin R. K.","key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"Yin , R. K. 2009. Case Study Research: Design and Methods , fourth edition, Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publication . Yin, R. K. 2009. Case Study Research: Design and Methods, fourth edition, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication."}],"container-title":["ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2874239.2874284","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2874239.2874284","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:53:51Z","timestamp":1750222431000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2874239.2874284"}},"subtitle":["introduction of a research implementation plan for ICTs"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2874239.2874284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2874239.2874284","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-2737"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0095-2737"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-01-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}