{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T03:31:48Z","timestamp":1781062308832,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]],"date-time":"2016-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Internet eXchange Points (IXPs) are core components of the Internet infrastructure where Internet Service Providers (ISPs) meet and exchange traffic. During the last few years, the number and size of IXPs have increased rapidly, driving the flattening and shortening of Internet paths. However, understanding the present status of the IXP ecosystem and its potential role in shaping the future Internet requires rigorous data about IXPs, their presence, status, participants, etc. In this work, we do the first cross-comparison of three well-known publicly available IXP databases, namely of PeeringDB, Euro-IX, and PCH. A key challenge we address is linking IXP identifiers across databases maintained by different organizations. We find different AS-centric versus IXP-centric views provided by the databases as a result of their data collection approaches. In addition, we highlight differences and similarities w.r.t. IXP participants, geographical coverage, and co-location facilities. As a side-product of our linkage heuristics, we make publicly available the union of the three databases, which includes 40.2% more IXPs and 66.3% more IXP participants than the commonly-used PeeringDB. We also publish our analysis code to foster reproducibility of our experiments and shed preliminary insights into the accuracy of the union dataset.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2875951.2875955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T13:18:52Z","timestamp":1452604732000},"page":"21-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A Comparative Look into Public IXP Datasets"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Rowan","family":"Kl\u00f6ti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Ager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Kotronis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Nomikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FORTH, Greece, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xenofontas","family":"Dimitropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FORTH, Greece, Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Datasets and Software accompanying the paper. https:\/\/bitbucket.org\/RKloti\/a-comparative-look-into-public-ixp-datasets-partially.git.  Datasets and Software accompanying the paper. https:\/\/bitbucket.org\/RKloti\/a-comparative-look-into-public-ixp-datasets-partially.git."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"The Route Views Project. www.routeviews.org.  The Route Views Project. www.routeviews.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"European Internet Exchange Association. https:\/\/www.euro-ix.net\/. Datasets collected on: 2014-09-19 at 21:58 CEST.  European Internet Exchange Association. https:\/\/www.euro-ix.net\/. Datasets collected on: 2014-09-19 at 21:58 CEST."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"IXP Database-IX-F Internet eXchange Federation. http:\/\/www.ix-f.net\/ixp-database.html.  IXP Database-IX-F Internet eXchange Federation. http:\/\/www.ix-f.net\/ixp-database.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Packet Clearing House (PCH) - Data. https:\/\/www.pch.net\/resources\/data.php.  Packet Clearing House (PCH) - Data. https:\/\/www.pch.net\/resources\/data.php."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Packet Clearing House - Internet Exchange Directory. https:\/\/prefix.pch.net\/applications\/ixpdir\/. Datasets collected on: 2014-09-19 at 21:58 CEST.  Packet Clearing House - Internet Exchange Directory. https:\/\/prefix.pch.net\/applications\/ixpdir\/. Datasets collected on: 2014-09-19 at 21:58 CEST."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"PeeringDB. https:\/\/www.peeringdb.com\/. Datasets collected on: 2014-09-19 at 11:22 CEST.  PeeringDB. https:\/\/www.peeringdb.com\/. Datasets collected on: 2014-09-19 at 11:22 CEST."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2342356.2342393"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1878537.1878645"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1644893.1644934"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2541468.2541473"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1921168.1921196"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Unsightly Barnacles or Contrived Collapse? In Passive and Active Network Measurement","author":"Gill P.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gill , P. , Arlitt , M. , Li , Z. , and Mahanti , A . The Flattening Internet Topology: Natural Evolution , Unsightly Barnacles or Contrived Collapse? In Passive and Active Network Measurement . Springer , 2008 , pp. 1 -- 10 . Gill, P., Arlitt, M., Li, Z., and Mahanti, A. The Flattening Internet Topology: Natural Evolution, Unsightly Barnacles or Contrived Collapse? In Passive and Active Network Measurement. Springer, 2008, pp. 1--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2619239.2626300"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Research Track of the 3rd Open Networking Summit (ONS)","author":"Kotronis V.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kotronis , V. , Dimitropoulos , X. , Kl\u00f6ti , R. , Ager , B. , Georgopoulos , P. , and Schmid , S . Control Exchange Points: Providing QoS-enabled End-to-End Services via SDN-based Inter-domain Routing Orchestration . In Research Track of the 3rd Open Networking Summit (ONS) ( 2014 ). Kotronis, V., Dimitropoulos, X., Kl\u00f6ti, R., Ager, B., Georgopoulos, P., and Schmid, S. Control Exchange Points: Providing QoS-enabled End-to-End Services via SDN-based Inter-domain Routing Orchestration. In Research Track of the 3rd Open Networking Summit (ONS) (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1851275.1851194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2602204.2602208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"58","author":"Snijders J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Snijders , J. Peering DB Accuracy : Is blind faith reasonable? NANOG 58 , 2013 . Snijders, J. PeeringDB Accuracy: Is blind faith reasonable? NANOG 58, 2013.","journal-title":"NANOG"}],"container-title":["ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2875951.2875955","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2875951.2875955","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:39:18Z","timestamp":1750221558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2875951.2875955"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2875951.2875955"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2875951.2875955","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-4833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-4833","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-01-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}