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This method builds helper bone controllers for the deformations caused not only by skeleton poses but also secondary dynamics effects. We introduce a state-space model for a discrete time linear time-invariant system that efficiently maps the skeleton motion to the dynamic movement of the helper bones. Optimal transfer of nonlinear, complicated deformations, including the effect of soft-tissue dynamics, is obtained by learning the training sequence consisting of skeleton motions and corresponding skin deformations. Our approximation method for a dynamics model is highly accurate and efficient owing to its low-rank property obtained by a sparsity-oriented nuclear norm optimization. The resulting linear model is simple enough to easily implement in the existing workflows and graphics pipelines. We demonstrate the superior performance of our method compared to conventional dynamic skinning in terms of computational efficiency including LOD controls, stability in interactive controls, and flexible expression in deformations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T16:04:33Z","timestamp":1468253073000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Efficient dynamic skinning with low-rank helper bone controllers"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Tomohiko","family":"Mukai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Kuriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toyohashi University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","unstructured":"Andersen M. 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