{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:11:54Z","timestamp":1750306314308,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]],"date-time":"2016-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Commission in the framework of the Erasmus Mundus cLINK project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Optical circuits are considered a promising emerging technology for applications in ultra-high-speed networks or interconnects. However, the development of (automatic) synthesis approaches for such circuits is still in its infancy. Although first generic and automatic synthesis approaches have been proposed, no clear understanding exists yet on how to keep the costs of the resulting circuits as small as possible. In the domain of optical circuits, this is particularly interesting for the number of gates and the effect of so-called splitters to the signal strength. In this work, we investigate this relation by considering a variety of (existing as well as proposed) synthesis approaches for optical circuits. Our investigations show that reducing the number of gates and reducing the number of splitters are contradictory optimization objectives. Furthermore, the performance of synthesis guided with respect to gate efficiency as well as synthesis guided with respect to splitter freeness is evaluated and an overhead factor between the contradictory metrics is experimentally determined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2904445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]],"date-time":"2016-06-16T20:15:12Z","timestamp":1466108112000},"page":"1-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Gates vs. Splitters"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Arighna","family":"Deb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria Cyber Physical Systems, DFKI GmbH, Bremen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Kesz\u00f6cze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Cyber Physical Systems, DFKI GmbH, Bremen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Hillmich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Drechsler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Cyber Physical Systems, DFKI GmbH, Bremen, Germany"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2009.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2013.2286529"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2010.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2009.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"International Workshop on Logic Synthesis.","author":"Condrat Christopher","year":"2010","unstructured":"Christopher Condrat , Priyank Kalla , and Steve Blair . 2010 . Exploring design and synthesis for optical digital logic . In International Workshop on Logic Synthesis. Christopher Condrat, Priyank Kalla, and Steve Blair. 2010. Exploring design and synthesis for optical digital logic. In International Workshop on Logic Synthesis."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1973009.1973013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VLSID.2014.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2013.2263251"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"960","article-title":"Design and simulation of all optical multiplexer based on one-dimensional photonic crystal for optical communications systems","volume":"2","author":"Ghasemi M. A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"M. A. Ghasemi , R. Khodadadi , and H. A. Banaei . 2012 . Design and simulation of all optical multiplexer based on one-dimensional photonic crystal for optical communications systems . Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl. 2 , 6 (2012), 960 -- 968 . M. A. Ghasemi, R. Khodadadi, and H. A. Banaei. 2012. Design and simulation of all optical multiplexer based on one-dimensional photonic crystal for optical communications systems. Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl. 2, 6 (2012), 960--968.","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1167704.1167706"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MM.2012.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2012.250"},{"volume-title":"Optical Fiber Communications","author":"Keiser G.","key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"G. Keiser . 1991. Optical Fiber Communications . McGraw-Hill , New York, NY . G. Keiser. 1991. Optical Fiber Communications. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.013600"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01468030.2010.485290"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2528\/PIERB13063006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"713","article-title":"A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits","volume":"57","author":"Shannon C. E.","year":"1938","unstructured":"C. E. Shannon . 1938 . A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits . Trans. AIEE 57 , 12 (1938), 713 -- 723 . DOI:10.1109\/T-AIEE.1938.5057767 10.1109\/T-AIEE.1938.5057767 C. E. Shannon. 1938. A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits. Trans. AIEE 57, 12 (1938), 713--723. DOI:10.1109\/T-AIEE.1938.5057767","journal-title":"Trans. AIEE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JQE.2012.2203352"},{"volume-title":"Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), Asia and South Pacific. 172--177","author":"Wille R.","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"R. Wille , O. Kesz\u00f6cze , C. Hopfmuller , and R. Drechsler . 2015. Reverse BDD-based synthesis for splitter-free optical circuits . In Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), Asia and South Pacific. 172--177 . R. Wille, O. Kesz\u00f6cze, C. Hopfmuller, and R. Drechsler. 2015. Reverse BDD-based synthesis for splitter-free optical circuits. In Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), Asia and South Pacific. 172--177."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2013.2287219"}],"container-title":["ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2904445","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2904445","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:54:02Z","timestamp":1750222442000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2904445"}},"subtitle":["Contradictory Optimization Objectives in the Synthesis of Optical Circuits"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2904445"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2904445","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1550-4832"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1550-4840"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-03-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-06-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}