{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T03:11:50Z","timestamp":1783825910473,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":51,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/2950290.2950334","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T13:46:03Z","timestamp":1478007963000},"page":"631-642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":403,"title":["Deep API learning"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongmei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunghun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Eclipse JDT. http:\/\/www.eclipse.org\/jdt\/.  Eclipse JDT. http:\/\/www.eclipse.org\/jdt\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Github. https:\/\/github.com.  Github. https:\/\/github.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Github search. https:\/\/github.com\/search?type=code.  Github search. https:\/\/github.com\/search?type=code."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Lucene. https:\/\/lucene.apache.org\/.  Lucene. https:\/\/lucene.apache.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2635868.2635883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201916)","author":"Allamanis M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"M. Allamanis , H. Peng , and C. Sutton . A convolutional attention network for extreme summarization of source code . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201916) , 2016 . M. Allamanis, H. Peng, and C. Sutton. A convolutional attention network for extreme summarization of source code. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201916), 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","first-page":"2132","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201915)","author":"Allamanis M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. Allamanis , D. Tarlow , A. Gordon , and Y. Wei . Bimodal modelling of source code and natural language . In Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201915) , pages 2123\u2013 2132 , 2015 . M. Allamanis, D. Tarlow, A. Gordon, and Y. Wei. Bimodal modelling of source code and natural language. In Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201915), pages 2123\u20132132, 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Neural machine translation by jointly learning to align and translate. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.0473","author":"Bahdanau D.","year":"2014","unstructured":"D. Bahdanau , K. Cho , and Y. Bengio . Neural machine translation by jointly learning to align and translate. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.0473 , 2014 . D. Bahdanau, K. Cho, and Y. Bengio. Neural machine translation by jointly learning to align and translate. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.0473, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","first-page":"186","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computational Statistics (COMPSTAT\u201910)","author":"Bottou L.","unstructured":"L. Bottou . Large-scale machine learning with stochastic gradient descent . In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computational Statistics (COMPSTAT\u201910) , pages 177\u2013 186 . Springer, 2010. L. Bottou. Large-scale machine learning with stochastic gradient descent. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computational Statistics (COMPSTAT\u201910), pages 177\u2013186. Springer, 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/176313.176316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/972470.972474"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2393596.2393606"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1179"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2950290.2950319"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"847","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE\u201912)","author":"Hindle A.","unstructured":"A. Hindle , E. T. Barr , Z. Su , M. Gabel , and P. Devanbu . On the naturalness of software . In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE\u201912) , pages 837\u2013 847 . IEEE, 2012. A. Hindle, E. T. Barr, Z. Su, M. Gabel, and P. Devanbu. On the naturalness of software. In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE\u201912), pages 837\u2013847. IEEE, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","first-page":"558","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM\u201909)","author":"Holmes R.","unstructured":"R. Holmes , R. Cottrell , R. J. Walker , and J. Denzinger . The end-to-end use of source code examples: An exploratory study . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM\u201909) , pages 555\u2013 558 . IEEE, 2009. R. Holmes, R. Cottrell, R. J. Walker, and J. Denzinger. The end-to-end use of source code examples: An exploratory study. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM\u201909), pages 555\u2013558. IEEE, 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","first-page":"386","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201913)","author":"Howard M. J.","unstructured":"M. J. Howard , S. Gupta , L. Pollock , and K. Vijay-Shanker . Automatically mining software-based, semantically-similar words from comment-code mappings . In Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201913) , pages 377\u2013 386 . IEEE Press, 2013. M. J. Howard, S. Gupta, L. Pollock, and K. Vijay-Shanker. Automatically mining software-based, semantically-similar words from comment-code mappings. In Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201913), pages 377\u2013386. IEEE Press, 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2568225.2568292"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","first-page":"1363","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI\u201910)","author":"Kim J.","year":"2010","unstructured":"J. Kim , S. Lee , S. Hwang , and S. Kim . Towards an intelligent code search engine . In Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI\u201910) , pages 1358\u2013 1363 , 2010 . J. Kim, S. Lee, S. Hwang, and S. Kim. Towards an intelligent code search engine. In Proceedings of the 24th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI\u201910), pages 1358\u20131363, 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Springer","author":"Koehn P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"P. Koehn . Pharaoh : a beam search decoder for phrase-based statistical machine translation models. In Machine translation: From real users to research, pages 115\u2013124 . Springer , 2004 . P. Koehn. Pharaoh: a beam search decoder for phrase-based statistical machine translation models. In Machine translation: From real users to research, pages 115\u2013124. Springer, 2004."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2623330.2623612"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Latent predictor networks for code generation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1603.06744","author":"Ling W.","year":"2016","unstructured":"W. Ling , E. Grefenstette , K. M. Hermann , T. Kocisky , A. Senior , F. Wang , and P. Blunsom . Latent predictor networks for code generation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1603.06744 , 2016 . W. Ling, E. Grefenstette, K. M. Hermann, T. Kocisky, A. Senior, F. Wang, and P. Blunsom. Latent predictor networks for code generation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1603.06744, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-008-0118-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"270","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 30th IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE\u201915)","author":"Lv F.","unstructured":"F. Lv , H. Zhang , J. Lou , S. Wang , D. Zhang , and J. Zhao . CodeHow: Effective code search based on API understanding and extended boolean model . In Proceedings of the 30th IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE\u201915) , pages 260\u2013 270 . IEEE, 2015. F. Lv, H. Zhang, J. Lou, S. Wang, D. Zhang, and J. Zhao. CodeHow: Effective code search based on API understanding and extended boolean model. In Proceedings of the 30th IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE\u201915), pages 260\u2013270. IEEE, 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","first-page":"657","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201914)","author":"Maddison C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"C. Maddison and D. Tarlow . Structured generative models of natural source code . In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201914) , pages 649\u2013 657 , 2014 . C. Maddison and D. Tarlow. Structured generative models of natural source code. In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML\u201914), pages 649\u2013657, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","first-page":"374","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE\u201912)","author":"McMillan C.","unstructured":"C. McMillan , M. Grechanik , and D. Poshyvanyk . Detecting similar software applications . In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE\u201912) , pages 364\u2013 374 . IEEE, 2012. C. McMillan, M. Grechanik, and D. Poshyvanyk. Detecting similar software applications. In Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE\u201912), pages 364\u2013374. IEEE, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1985793.1985809"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","first-page":"1048","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association (INTERSPEECH\u201910)","author":"Mikolov T.","year":"2010","unstructured":"T. Mikolov , M. Karafi\u00e1t , L. Burget , J. Cernock ` y, and S. Khudanpur. Recurrent neural network based language model . In Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association (INTERSPEECH\u201910) , pages 1045\u2013 1048 , 2010 . T. Mikolov, M. Karafi\u00e1t, L. Burget, J. Cernock` y, and S. Khudanpur. Recurrent neural network based language model. In Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association (INTERSPEECH\u201910), pages 1045\u20131048, 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","first-page":"3119","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS\u201913)","author":"Mikolov T.","year":"2013","unstructured":"T. Mikolov , I. Sutskever , K. Chen , G. S. Corrado , and J. Dean . Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality . In Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS\u201913) , pages 3111\u2013 3119 , 2013 . T. Mikolov, I. Sutskever, K. Chen, G. S. Corrado, and J. Dean. Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS\u201913), pages 3111\u20133119, 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","first-page":"651","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 28th International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE\u201913)","author":"Moritz E.","unstructured":"E. Moritz , M. Linares-V\u00e1squez , D. Poshyvanyk , M. Grechanik , C. McMillan , and M. Gethers . Export: Detecting and visualizing API usages in large source code repositories . In Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 28th International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE\u201913) , pages 646\u2013 651 . IEEE, 2013. E. Moritz, M. Linares-V\u00e1squez, D. Poshyvanyk, M. Grechanik, C. McMillan, and M. Gethers. Export: Detecting and visualizing API usages in large source code repositories. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 28th International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE\u201913), pages 646\u2013651. IEEE, 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Building program vector representations for deep learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.3358","author":"Mou L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"L. Mou , G. Li , Y. Liu , H. Peng , Z. Jin , Y. Xu , and L. Zhang . Building program vector representations for deep learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.3358 , 2014 . L. Mou, G. Li, Y. Liu, H. Peng, Z. Jin, Y. Xu, and L. Zhang. Building program vector representations for deep learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.3358, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3015812.3016002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"On end-to-end program generation from user intention by deep neural networks. arXiv","author":"Mou L.","year":"2015","unstructured":"L. Mou , R. Men , G. Li , L. Zhang , and Z. Jin . On end-to-end program generation from user intention by deep neural networks. arXiv , 2015 . L. Mou, R. Men, G. Li, L. Zhang, and Z. Jin. On end-to-end program generation from user intention by deep neural networks. arXiv, 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1073083.1073135"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2884781.2884808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2666356.2594321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2009.193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-010-9150-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1218563.1218587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2008.18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VLHCC.2006.32"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","first-page":"3112","volume-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS\u201914)","author":"Sutskever I.","year":"2014","unstructured":"I. Sutskever , O. Vinyals , and Q. V. Le . Sequence to sequence learning with neural networks . In Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS\u201914) , pages 3104\u2013 3112 , 2014 . I. Sutskever, O. Vinyals, and Q. V. Le. Sequence to sequence learning with neural networks. In Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS\u201914), pages 3104\u20133112, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2635868.2635875"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2627435.2697068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","first-page":"328","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201913)","author":"Wang J.","unstructured":"J. Wang , Y. Dang , H. Zhang , K. Chen , T. Xie , and D. Zhang . Mining succinct and high-coverage API usage patterns from source code . In Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201913) , pages 319\u2013 328 . IEEE Press, 2013. J. Wang, Y. Dang, H. Zhang, K. Chen, T. Xie, and D. Zhang. Mining succinct and high-coverage API usage patterns from source code. In Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201913), pages 319\u2013328. IEEE Press, 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2884781.2884804"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","first-page":"345","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 12th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201915)","author":"White M.","unstructured":"M. White , C. Vendome , M. Linares-V\u00e1squez , and D. Poshyvanyk . Toward deep learning software repositories . In Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 12th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201915) , pages 334\u2013 345 . IEEE, 2015. M. White, C. Vendome, M. Linares-V\u00e1squez, and D. Poshyvanyk. Toward deep learning software repositories. In Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 12th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201915), pages 334\u2013345. IEEE, 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1137983.1137997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","first-page":"170","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201912)","author":"Yang J.","unstructured":"J. Yang and L. Tan . Inferring semantically related words from software context . In Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201912) , pages 161\u2013 170 . IEEE Press, 2012. J. Yang and L. Tan. Inferring semantically related words from software context. In Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR\u201912), pages 161\u2013170. IEEE Press, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"an adaptive learning rate method. arXiv preprint arXiv:1212.5701","author":"Zeiler M. D.","year":"2012","unstructured":"M. D. Zeiler . Adadelta : an adaptive learning rate method. arXiv preprint arXiv:1212.5701 , 2012 . M. D. Zeiler. Adadelta: an adaptive learning rate method. arXiv preprint arXiv:1212.5701, 2012."}],"event":{"name":"FSE'16: 24nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","location":"Seattle WA USA","acronym":"FSE'16","sponsor":["SIGSOFT ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2016 24th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2950290.2950334","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/2950290.2950334","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T03:49:56Z","timestamp":1750218596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2950290.2950334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/2950290.2950334","10.1145\/2950290"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2950290.2950334","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-11-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}