{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:28:37Z","timestamp":1761744517612,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,14]],"date-time":"2016-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GetMobile: Mobile Comp. and Comm."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Broadband access constitutes the \"oxygen\" for the Internet Era, to which end, the issue of spectrum management is foundational. In this position paper, we present an overview of FCC's pioneering work framing TV white space rules that allows unlicensed access by secondary users while protecting licensed primary users. The core contribution of this paper is an in-depth analysis of FCC's TV white space regulations (often treated as a global template). We argue that FCC's current white space regulations does not achieve the desired balance between effectively promoting unlicensed secondary access and providing adequate protection of the primary. As more countries around the world look at framing white space regulations, we argue for incorporating a more flexible design that can catalyze a white space device ecosystem to flourish, similar to Wi-Fi.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2972413.2972421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]],"date-time":"2017-04-10T12:27:17Z","timestamp":1491827237000},"page":"20-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A Critique of FCC'S TV White Space Regulations"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ramachandran","family":"Ramjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumit","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krishna","family":"Chintalapudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsoft Research, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"\"Technical & Operational Requirements for Possible Operation of Cognitive Radio Systems in the White Spaces of the Frequency Band 470--790 MHz \" Cardiff Jan 2011.  \"Technical & Operational Requirements for Possible Operation of Cognitive Radio Systems in the White Spaces of the Frequency Band 470--790 MHz \" Cardiff Jan 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"\"Technical and Operational Requirements for the possible operation of Cognitive Radio Systems in the White Spaces of the Frequency Band 470-790 MHz \" Electronic Communications Comm. 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ECMA-392 Dec. 2009.  \"MAC and PHY for operation in TV white space \" Std. ECMA-392 Dec. 2009."},{"volume-title":"May 11, 2001.","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"\"In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of the Commissions' Rules Regarding Spread Spectrum Devices,\" FCC 01-58 , May 11, 2001. \"In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of the Commissions' Rules Regarding Spread Spectrum Devices,\" FCC 01-58, May 11, 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"May 25","author":"Broadcast Bands TV","year":"2004","unstructured":"\"In the Matter of Unlicensed Operation in the TV Broadcast Bands ,\" FCC 04-113 , ET Docket No. 04-186 , May 25 , 2004 . \"In the Matter of Unlicensed Operation in the TV Broadcast Bands,\" FCC 04-113, ET Docket No. 04-186, May 25, 2004."},{"volume-title":"November 14, 2008.","key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"\"Second Report and Order and Memorandum Opinion and Order in the Matter of Unlicensed Operation in the TV Broadcast Bands,\" FCC, ET Docket 08-260 , November 14, 2008. \"Second Report and Order and Memorandum Opinion and Order in the Matter of Unlicensed Operation in the TV Broadcast Bands,\" FCC, ET Docket 08-260, November 14, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"\"In the Matter of Unlicensed Operation in TV Broadcast Bands \" Final Rules FCC 100--174 Dec. 6 2010.  \"In the Matter of Unlicensed Operation in TV Broadcast Bands \" Final Rules FCC 100--174 Dec. 6 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Sep","author":"\"In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of the Commission","year":"2014","unstructured":"\"In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of the Commission 's Rules for Unlicensed Operations in the Television Bands , Repurposed 600 MHz Band ...,\" FCC 14--144 , Sep 2014 . \"In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of the Commission's Rules for Unlicensed Operations in the Television Bands, Repurposed 600 MHz Band ...,\" FCC 14--144, Sep 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Aug.","author":"\"NPRM In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of Commissions Rules for Unlicensed Operations in the Television Bands","year":"2015","unstructured":"\"NPRM In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of Commissions Rules for Unlicensed Operations in the Television Bands , Repurposed 600 MHz bands ...\" FCC 15--99 , Aug. 2015 . \"NPRM In the Matter of Amendment of Part 15 of Commissions Rules for Unlicensed Operations in the Television Bands, Repurposed 600 MHz bands ...\" FCC 15--99, Aug. 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"\"Consumer White Space Gadget Chipsets in the Works \" http:\/\/onforb.es\/25NJ4xz  \"Consumer White Space Gadget Chipsets in the Works \" http:\/\/onforb.es\/25NJ4xz"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Wi-Fi Wireless Trends 2015: The New Network. http:\/\/bit.ly\/1YfCz4k  Wi-Fi Wireless Trends 2015: The New Network. http:\/\/bit.ly\/1YfCz4k"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Feb","author":"Winning J","year":"2009","unstructured":"J \" Winning Play in Spectrum Auctions,\" Bulow, J. Levin and P. Milgrom , Feb . 2009 . J \"Winning Play in Spectrum Auctions,\" Bulow, J. Levin and P. Milgrom, Feb. 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"\"Measurement-Augmented Spectrum Databases for White Space Spectrum \" Ayon Chakraborty and Samir Das ACM CoNEXT 2014.  \"Measurement-Augmented Spectrum Databases for White Space Spectrum \" Ayon Chakraborty and Samir Das ACM CoNEXT 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"1780","author":"White Space TV","year":"2015","unstructured":"\"Capacity Considerations for Secondary Networks in TV White Space ,\" F. Hessar and S. Roy , IEEE Tran. Mobile Comput. , Sep. 2015 , pp. 1780 -- 1793 . \"Capacity Considerations for Secondary Networks in TV White Space,\" F. Hessar and S. Roy, IEEE Tran. Mobile Comput., Sep. 2015, pp. 1780--1793.","journal-title":"IEEE Tran. Mobile Comput."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Regulations, Standards and Applications,\" R","author":"White Space Spectrum Technologies TV","year":"2011","unstructured":"\" TV White Space Spectrum Technologies : Regulations, Standards and Applications,\" R . Saeed and S. J. Shellhammer ed., CRC Press , 2011 . \"TV White Space Spectrum Technologies: Regulations, Standards and Applications,\" R. Saeed and S. J. Shellhammer ed., CRC Press, 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"TCCN Communications","volume":"1","author":"White Space Networking TV","year":"2015","unstructured":"\" TV White Space Networking : A U.S Centric Retrospective,\" S. Roy , TCCN Communications , vol. 1 , no.1, Dec. 2015 , http:\/\/committees.comsoc.org\/tccn \"TV White Space Networking: A U.S Centric Retrospective,\" S. 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