{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T13:55:32Z","timestamp":1760709332097,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,30]],"date-time":"2017-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE) programme"},{"name":"Russian Scientific Foundation","award":["#14-21-00137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#14-21-00137"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"Singapore National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Large-scale agent-based traffic simulation is computationally intensive. Parallel computing can help to speed up agent-based traffic simulation. Parallelization of agent-based traffic simulations is generally achieved by decomposing the road network into subregions. The agents in each subregion are executed by a Logical Process (LP). There are data dependencies between LPs which require synchronization of LPs. An asynchronous protocol allows LPs to progress and communicate asynchronously. LPs use\n            <jats:italic>lookahead<\/jats:italic>\n            to indicate the time to synchronize with other LPs. Larger lookahead means less frequent synchronization operations. High synchronization overhead is still a major performance issue of large-scale parallel agent-based traffic simulations. In this article, two methods to increase the lookahead of LPs for an asynchronous protocol are developed. They take advantage of uncertainties in traffic simulation to relax synchronization without altering simulation results statistically. Efficiency of the proposed methods is investigated in the parallel agent-based traffic simulator SEMSim Traffic. Experiment results showed that the proposed methods are able to reduce overall running time of the parallel simulation compared to existing methods.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/2994143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,31]],"date-time":"2017-05-31T19:32:40Z","timestamp":1496259160000},"page":"1-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Relaxing Synchronization in Parallel Agent-Based Road Traffic Simulation"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yadong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wentong","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heiko","family":"Aydt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TUM CREATE Ltd, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Amsterdam, Science Park, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Zehe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TUM CREATE Ltd, CREATE Way, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Microscopic traffic simulation for ATT systems analysis. 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Agents for traffic simulation. In Multi-Agent Systems Simulation and Applications, Adelinde M. Uhrmacher and Danny Weyns (Eds.). CRC Press, Chapter&nbsp;11, 325--356. http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/0805.0300","key":"e_1_2_1_15_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1955.0089"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPP.2004.1327916"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8191(01)00106-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4754(99)00015-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","DOI":"10.1109\/IVS.2003.1212881"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","DOI":"10.1145\/256562.256591"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Keynote Addresses of International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications (SIMULTECH 12)","author":"Nicol David M.","year":"2012","unstructured":"David M. 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