{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T04:56:18Z","timestamp":1755838578824,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":17,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3017680.3017791","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,7]],"date-time":"2017-03-07T18:35:25Z","timestamp":1488911725000},"page":"9-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evaluating the Effect of Using Physical Manipulatives to Foster Computational Thinking in Elementary School"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Ashish","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Gardner-McCune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Touretzky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Bhagi A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bhagi , A. (n.d.). App Inventor Concept Cards . Retrieved August 26, 2016 , from http:\/\/appinventor.mit.edu\/explore\/sites\/all\/files\/ConceptCards\/ai2\/AI2_ConceptCards.pdf Bhagi, A. (n.d.). App Inventor Concept Cards. Retrieved August 26, 2016, from http:\/\/appinventor.mit.edu\/explore\/sites\/all\/files\/ConceptCards\/ai2\/AI2_ConceptCards.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"CS Unplugged; http:\/\/csunplugged.org. Accessed 2016 June 21.  CS Unplugged; http:\/\/csunplugged.org. Accessed 2016 June 21."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2011893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Enome Inc. (n.d.). Literacy Manipulatives. Retrieved August 26 2016 from https:\/\/goalbookapp.com\/toolkit\/strategy\/literacy-manipulatives  Enome Inc. (n.d.). Literacy Manipulatives. Retrieved August 26 2016 from https:\/\/goalbookapp.com\/toolkit\/strategy\/literacy-manipulatives"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430421tip4104_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Learning Resources \"Research on the benefits of manipulatives;\" http:\/\/www.learningresources.com\/text\/pdf\/Mathresearch.pdf Accessed 2016 June 23.  Learning Resources \"Research on the benefits of manipulatives;\" http:\/\/www.learningresources.com\/text\/pdf\/Mathresearch.pdf Accessed 2016 June 23."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Lifelong Kindergarten Group (MIT) \"Blocks;\" http:\/\/wiki.scratch.mit.edu\/wiki\/Blocks. Accessed 2016 June 18.  Lifelong Kindergarten Group (MIT) \"Blocks;\" http:\/\/wiki.scratch.mit.edu\/wiki\/Blocks. Accessed 2016 June 18."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Moore S. D.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moore , S. D. (n.d.). Why Teach Mathematics with Manipulatives ? Retrieved August 26, 2016 , from ETA hand2mind; http:\/\/www.hand2mind.com\/pdf\/Benefits_of_Manipulatives.pdf. Accessed 2016 June 18. Moore, S. D. (n.d.). Why Teach Mathematics with Manipulatives? Retrieved August 26, 2016, from ETA hand2mind; http:\/\/www.hand2mind.com\/pdf\/Benefits_of_Manipulatives.pdf. Accessed 2016 June 18."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1734263.1734357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1592761.1592779"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Rusk N. \"Scratch cards;\" http:\/\/scratched.gse.harvard.edu\/resources\/scratch-cards-0. Accessed 2016 July 21  Rusk N. \"Scratch cards;\" http:\/\/scratched.gse.harvard.edu\/resources\/scratch-cards-0. Accessed 2016 July 21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1953163.1953197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2445196.2445374"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2684721.2684732"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2839509.2844652"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Touretzky D. S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Touretzky , D. S. (n.d.). Kodu Curriculum Modules . Retrieved July 26, 2016 , from https:\/\/www.cs.cmu.edu\/~dst\/Kodu\/Curriculum\/ Touretzky, D. S. (n.d.). Kodu Curriculum Modules. Retrieved July 26, 2016, from https:\/\/www.cs.cmu.edu\/~dst\/Kodu\/Curriculum\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Touretzky D. S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Touretzky , D. S. (n.d.). Kodu Idiom Flash Cards & Tiles . Retrieved July 26, 2016 , from https:\/\/www.cs.cmu.edu\/~dst\/Kodu\/ Touretzky, D. S. (n.d.). Kodu Idiom Flash Cards & Tiles. Retrieved July 26, 2016, from https:\/\/www.cs.cmu.edu\/~dst\/Kodu\/"}],"event":{"name":"SIGCSE '17: The 48th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education","sponsor":["SIGCSE ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education"],"location":"Seattle Washington USA","acronym":"SIGCSE '17"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3017680.3017791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3017680.3017791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:24:07Z","timestamp":1750220647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3017680.3017791"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3017680.3017791","10.1145\/3017680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3017680.3017791","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-03-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}