{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:27:59Z","timestamp":1790796479184,"version":"4.1.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":42,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,6]],"date-time":"2017-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,6]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3027063.3053165","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]],"date-time":"2017-05-01T15:09:30Z","timestamp":1493651370000},"page":"1844-1852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Exploring Qualitative Displays and Interfaces"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Lockton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delanie","family":"Ricketts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Aditya Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal College of Art, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Exploring \"immaterials\": Mediating design's invisible materials","volume":"8","author":"Arnall Timo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Timo Arnall . 2014 . Exploring \"immaterials\": Mediating design's invisible materials . International Journal of Design 8 , 2: 101 -- 117 . http:\/\/www.ijdesign.org\/ojs\/index.php\/IJDesign\/art icle\/view\/1408 Timo Arnall. 2014. Exploring \"immaterials\": Mediating design's invisible materials. International Journal of Design 8, 2: 101--117. http:\/\/www.ijdesign.org\/ojs\/index.php\/IJDesign\/art icle\/view\/1408","journal-title":"International Journal of Design"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Cybernetics","author":"Ashby W. Ross","unstructured":"W. Ross Ashby . 1956. An Introduction to Cybernetics . Chapman & Hall , London . W. Ross Ashby. 1956. An Introduction to Cybernetics. Chapman & Hall, London."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"BERG.","year":"2008","unstructured":"BERG. 2008 . Availabot . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/berglondon.com\/projects\/availabot\/ BERG. 2008. Availabot. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/berglondon.com\/projects\/availabot\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCS.2007.284511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"From Newness to Useness and Back Again: A review of the role of the user in sustainable product maintenance. Retrieved","author":"Burns Brian","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brian Burns . 2007. From Newness to Useness and Back Again: A review of the role of the user in sustainable product maintenance. Retrieved June 1, 2009 from http:\/\/extra.shu.ac.uk\/productlife\/ Maintaining %20Products%20presentations\/Brian% 20Burns.pdf Brian Burns. 2007. From Newness to Useness and Back Again: A review of the role of the user in sustainable product maintenance. Retrieved June 1, 2009 from http:\/\/extra.shu.ac.uk\/productlife\/ Maintaining%20Products%20presentations\/Brian% 20Burns.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Arts Carbon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carbon Arts . 2013 . Melbourne Mussel Choir . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.carbonarts.org\/projects\/melbournemussel-choir\/ Carbon Arts. 2013. Melbourne Mussel Choir. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.carbonarts.org\/projects\/melbournemussel-choir\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Care Charles","year":"2006","unstructured":"Charles Care . 2006 --7. A Chronology of Analogue Computing. The Rutherford Journal 2 . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.rutherford journal.org\/article020106.html Charles Care. 2006--7. A Chronology of Analogue Computing. The Rutherford Journal 2. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.rutherford journal.org\/article020106.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Case Nicky","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nicky Case . 2014 . Explorable Explanations. Blog post (Sept 8, 2014) . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/blog.ncase.me\/explorable-explanations\/ Nicky Case. 2014. Explorable Explanations. Blog post (Sept 8, 2014). Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/blog.ncase.me\/explorable-explanations\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Mobile Displays. In Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp'08)","author":"Consolvo Sunny","unstructured":"Sunny Consolvo , Predrag Klasnja , David W. McDonald , Daniel Avrahami , Jon Froehlich , Louis LeGrand , Ryan Libby , Keith Mosher , and James A. Landay . 2008. Flowers or a Robot Army? Encouraging Awareness & Activity with Personal , Mobile Displays. In Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp'08) : 54--63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/ 1409635.1409644 Sunny Consolvo, Predrag Klasnja, David W. McDonald, Daniel Avrahami, Jon Froehlich, Louis LeGrand, Ryan Libby, Keith Mosher, and James A. Landay. 2008. Flowers or a Robot Army? Encouraging Awareness & Activity with Personal, Mobile Displays. In Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp'08): 54--63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/ 1409635.1409644"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"The Chronocyclegraph. Blog post","author":"Debatty R\u00e9gine","year":"2012","unstructured":"R\u00e9gine Debatty . 2012 . The Chronocyclegraph. Blog post , We Make Money Not Art ( May 6 . 2012). Retrieved Jan 10 2017 from http:\/\/we-makemoney-not-art.com\/the_chronocyclegraph\/ R\u00e9gine Debatty. 2012. The Chronocyclegraph. Blog post, We Make Money Not Art (May 6. 2012). Retrieved Jan 10 2017 from http:\/\/we-makemoney-not-art.com\/the_chronocyclegraph\/","journal-title":"We Make Money Not Art"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-003-0253-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702613.2702632"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2855958"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0--387--21722--3_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Applied Motion Study: a collection of papers on the efficient method to industrial preparedness. Sturgis & Walton","author":"Gilbreth Frank","year":"2017","unstructured":"Frank Gilbreth and Lillian Gilbreth . 1917. Applied Motion Study: a collection of papers on the efficient method to industrial preparedness. Sturgis & Walton , New York . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/appliedmotionstu00gilbri ch Frank Gilbreth and Lillian Gilbreth. 1917. Applied Motion Study: a collection of papers on the efficient method to industrial preparedness. Sturgis & Walton, New York. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/appliedmotionstu00gilbri ch"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Haacke Hans","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hans Haacke . 2009 . Lessons Learned. Tate Papers 12 . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/download\/file\/fid\/7265 Hans Haacke. 2009. Lessons Learned. Tate Papers 12. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/download\/file\/fid\/7265"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1124772.1124838"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/258549.258715"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2065327.2065337"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702180"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Kawamoto Ken","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ken Kawamoto . 2012 . Prototyping \"Tempescope\", an ambient weather display. Blog post (Nov 15, 2012) . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/kawalabo.blogspot.jp\/2012\/11\/prototypingtempescope-ambient-weather.html Ken Kawamoto. 2012. Prototyping \"Tempescope\", an ambient weather display. Blog post (Nov 15, 2012). Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/kawalabo.blogspot.jp\/2012\/11\/prototypingtempescope-ambient-weather.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Kimbell Lucy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lucy Kimbell . 2011 . Physical Bar Charts . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.lucykimbell.com\/ LucyKimbell\/PhysicalBarCharts.html Lucy Kimbell. 2011. Physical Bar Charts. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.lucykimbell.com\/ LucyKimbell\/PhysicalBarCharts.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858424"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753409"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dan Lockton. 2012. POSIWID and Determinism in Design for Behaviour Change. Social Science Research Network. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2139\/ ssrn.2033231  Dan Lockton. 2012. POSIWID and Determinism in Design for Behaviour Change. Social Science Research Network. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2139\/ ssrn.2033231","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2033231"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"Dan Lockton. 2016. Designing Agency in the City. In Lacey Pipkin (Ed.) The Pursuit of Legible Policy: Agency and Participation in the Complex Systems of the Contemporary Megalopolis. Bur\u00f3-Bur\u00f3 Mexico City: 53--61. http:\/\/legiblepolicy.info\/book\/ Legible-Policies_BB.pdf  Dan Lockton. 2016. Designing Agency in the City. In Lacey Pipkin (Ed.) The Pursuit of Legible Policy: Agency and Participation in the Complex Systems of the Contemporary Megalopolis. Bur\u00f3-Bur\u00f3 Mexico City: 53--61. http:\/\/legiblepolicy.info\/book\/ Legible-Policies_BB.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2009.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-8918.2013.00029.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-13102-3_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"An essay explanatory of the Tempest Prognosticator in the building of the Great Exhibition for the Works of Industry of All Nations. John Churchill","author":"Merryweather George","year":"2017","unstructured":"George Merryweather . 1851. An essay explanatory of the Tempest Prognosticator in the building of the Great Exhibition for the Works of Industry of All Nations. John Churchill , London . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/b2804163x George Merryweather. 1851. An essay explanatory of the Tempest Prognosticator in the building of the Great Exhibition for the Works of Industry of All Nations. John Churchill, London. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/b2804163x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Design as Art (trans. Patrick Creagh)","author":"Munari Bruno","unstructured":"Bruno Munari . 1971. Design as Art (trans. Patrick Creagh) . Pelican Books , London . Bruno Munari. 1971. Design as Art (trans. Patrick Creagh). Pelican Books, London."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Ubiquitous Computing, Complexity and Culture: 288--303","author":"Offenhuber Dietmar","unstructured":"Dietmar Offenhuber and Orkan Telhan . 2015. Indexical Visualization--the Data-Less Information Display . In Ulrik Ekman, Jay David Bolter, Lily Diaz, Morten S\u00f8ndergaard, and Maria Engberg (eds.). Ubiquitous Computing, Complexity and Culture: 288--303 . Routledge , New York . Dietmar Offenhuber and Orkan Telhan. 2015. Indexical Visualization--the Data-Less Information Display. In Ulrik Ekman, Jay David Bolter, Lily Diaz, Morten S\u00f8ndergaard, and Maria Engberg (eds.). Ubiquitous Computing, Complexity and Culture: 288--303. Routledge, New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '15)","author":"Payne Jennifer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jennifer Payne , Jason Johnson , and Tony Tang . 2015 . Exploring Physical Visualization. In Jason Alexander, Yvonne Jansen, Kasper Hornb\u00e6k, Johan Kildal and Abhijit Karnik. Exploring the Challenges of Making Data Physical . Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '15) : http:\/\/hcitang.org\/papers\/2015-chi2015workshopphysvis.pdf Jennifer Payne, Jason Johnson, and Tony Tang. 2015. Exploring Physical Visualization. In Jason Alexander, Yvonne Jansen, Kasper Hornb\u00e6k, Johan Kildal and Abhijit Karnik. Exploring the Challenges of Making Data Physical. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '15): http:\/\/hcitang.org\/papers\/2015-chi2015workshopphysvis.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702613.2725432"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"The Sonification Handbook","author":"Serafin Stefania","unstructured":"Stefania Serafin , Karmen Franinovic , Thomas Hermann , Guillaume Lemaitre , Michal Rinott , and Davide Rocchesso . 2011. Sonic Interaction Design . In Thomas Hermann, Andy Hunt, and John Neuhoff (Eds.), The Sonification Handbook . Logos , Berlin : 87--110. http:\/\/sonification.de\/handbook\/ index.php\/chapters\/chapter5\/ Stefania Serafin, Karmen Franinovic, Thomas Hermann, Guillaume Lemaitre, Michal Rinott, and Davide Rocchesso. 2011. Sonic Interaction Design. In Thomas Hermann, Andy Hunt, and John Neuhoff (Eds.), The Sonification Handbook. Logos, Berlin: 87--110. http:\/\/sonification.de\/handbook\/ index.php\/chapters\/chapter5\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/big.2012.0002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"The Visual Display of Quantitative Information","author":"Tufte Edward","unstructured":"Edward Tufte . 2001. The Visual Display of Quantitative Information ( 2 nd ed.). Graphics Press, Cheshire , CT. Edward Tufte. 2001. The Visual Display of Quantitative Information (2nd ed.). Graphics Press, Cheshire, CT.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"March 10, 2011. Retrieved","author":"Victor Bret","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bret Victor . 2011 . Explorable Explanations . March 10, 2011. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/worrydream.com\/ ExplorableExplanations Bret Victor. 2011. Explorable Explanations. March 10, 2011. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/worrydream.com\/ ExplorableExplanations"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Dec 21, 1995. Retrieved","author":"Weiser Mark","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mark Weiser and John Seely Brown . 1995 . Designing Calm Technology . Dec 21, 1995. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.ubiq.com\/ weiser\/calmtech\/calmtech.htm Mark Weiser and John Seely Brown. 1995. Designing Calm Technology. Dec 21, 1995. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017 from http:\/\/www.ubiq.com\/ weiser\/calmtech\/calmtech.htm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073912451492"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2598608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Wolf Gary","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gary Wolf . 2010 . The quantified self. Video (June 2010) . Retrieved Jan 10, 2017, from https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/gary_wolf_the_quantifi ed_self Gary Wolf. 2010. The quantified self. Video (June 2010). Retrieved Jan 10, 2017, from https:\/\/www.ted.com\/talks\/gary_wolf_the_quantifi ed_self"}],"event":{"name":"CHI '17: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","location":"Denver Colorado USA","acronym":"CHI '17","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3027063.3053165","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3027063.3053165","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T03:03:01Z","timestamp":1750215781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3027063.3053165"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,6]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3027063.3053165","10.1145\/3027063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3027063.3053165","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-05-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}