{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T10:12:16Z","timestamp":1767262336152,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":48,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]],"date-time":"2017-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3109761.3109788","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]],"date-time":"2018-05-25T16:02:26Z","timestamp":1527264146000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Handwritten tifinagh character recognition using deep learning architectures"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Lamyaa","family":"Sadouk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Settat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taoufiq","family":"Gadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Settat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El Hassan","family":"Essoufi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Settat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2015.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.23114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.771314"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","first-page":"11","volume-title":"ICGST-GVIP Journal","author":"Amrouch M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"M. Amrouch , A. Rachidi , M. Elyassa , D. Mammass , Handwritten Amazigh Character Recognition Based On Hidden Markov Models , ICGST-GVIP Journal , Vol. 10 , Issue 5, pp. 11 -- 18 , 2010 . M. Amrouch, A. Rachidi, M. Elyassa, D. Mammass, Handwritten Amazigh Character Recognition Based On Hidden Markov Models, ICGST-GVIP Journal, Vol.10, Issue 5, pp.11--18, 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2009.27"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1684(88)90045-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206848"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5244\/C.28.6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"ICLR","author":"Simonyan K.","year":"2015","unstructured":"K. Simonyan and A. Zisserman . Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition . In ICLR , 2015 . K. Simonyan and A. Zisserman. Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition. In ICLR, 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"564","volume-title":"ICDAR'97","author":"Djematen A.","year":"1997","unstructured":"A. Djematen , B. Taconet , A. Zahour , A Geometrical Method for Printing and Handwritten Berber Character Recognition , ICDAR'97 , 1997 , p. 564 . A. Djematen, B. Taconet, A. Zahour, A Geometrical Method for Printing and Handwritten Berber Character Recognition, ICDAR'97, 1997, p. 564."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Syst\u00e8mes intelligents-Th\u00e9ories et applications","author":"Y. Ait","year":"2009","unstructured":"Y. Ait ouguengay, M. Taalabi , Elaboration d'un r\u00e9seau de neurones artficiels pour la reconnaissance optique de la graphie amazighe: Phase d'apprentissage , Syst\u00e8mes intelligents-Th\u00e9ories et applications , 2009 . Y. Ait ouguengay, M. Taalabi, Elaboration d'un r\u00e9seau de neurones artficiels pour la reconnaissance optique de la graphie amazighe: Phase d'apprentissage, Syst\u00e8mes intelligents-Th\u00e9ories et applications, 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMCS.2009.5256681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Actes de ICMCS'09","author":"Amrouch M.","year":"2009","unstructured":"M. Amrouch , Y. Es-Saady , A. Rachidi , M. Elyassa , D. Mammass , Printed Amazigh Character Recognition by a Hybrid Approach Based on Hidden Markov Models and the Hough Transform , International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Actes de ICMCS'09 , Ouarzazate, Maroc , 2009 . M. Amrouch, Y. Es-Saady, A. Rachidi, M. Elyassa, D. Mammass, Printed Amazigh Character Recognition by a Hybrid Approach Based on Hidden Markov Models and the Hough Transform, International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Actes de ICMCS'09, Ouarzazate, Maroc, 2009."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recognition by a Syntactic Approach using Finite Automata","volume":"10","author":"Es-Saady Y.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Y. Es-Saady , A. Rachidi , M. El Yassa , D. Mammass , Printed Amazigh Character Recognition by a Syntactic Approach using Finite Automata , ICGST-GVIP Journal , Vol. 10 , Issue 2 , 2010 , pp. 1 -- 8 . Y. Es-Saady, A. Rachidi, M. El Yassa, D. Mammass, Printed Amazigh Character Recognition by a Syntactic Approach using Finite Automata, ICGST-GVIP Journal, Vol.10, Issue 2, 2010, pp.1--8.","journal-title":"ICGST-GVIP Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","first-page":"61","volume":"20","author":"Yachi R. El","year":"2010","unstructured":"R. El Yachi , K. Moro , M. Fakir , B. Bouikhalene , On the Recognition of Tifinagh Scripts , Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology , Vol. 20 , No. 2 , 2010 , pp. 61 -- 66 . R. El Yachi, K. Moro, M. Fakir, B. Bouikhalene, On the Recognition of Tifinagh Scripts, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, Vol.20, No.2, 2010, pp.61--66.","journal-title":"Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 - 8887 IJCA)","author":"Es-Saady Y.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Y. Es-Saady , A. Rachidi , M. El Yassa , D. Mammass: AMHCD: A Database for Amazigh Handwritten Character Recognition , International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 - 8887 IJCA) , Volume 27(4), pp.44-- 49 , ISBN : 978-93-80864-53-2, August 2011 . Y. Es-Saady, A. Rachidi, M. El Yassa, D. Mammass: AMHCD: A Database for Amazigh Handwritten Character Recognition, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 - 8887 IJCA), Volume 27(4), pp.44--49, ISBN: 978-93-80864-53-2, August 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","first-page":"33","volume-title":"SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology (IJAST)","volume":"33","author":"Es-Saady Y.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Y. Es-Saady , A. Rachidi , M. El Yassa , D. Mammass : Amazigh Handwritten Character Recognition based on Horizontal and Vertical Centerline of Character , SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology (IJAST) , Vol. 33 , August , 2011 , ISSN 2005-4238, pp. 33 -- 50 . Y. Es-Saady, A. Rachidi, M. El Yassa, D. Mammass: Amazigh Handwritten Character Recognition based on Horizontal and Vertical Centerline of Character, SERSC International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology (IJAST), Vol. 33, August, 2011, ISSN 2005-4238, pp.33--50."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"International Journal Of Image Processing (IJIP)","volume":"5","author":"Ayachi R. EL","year":"2011","unstructured":"R. EL Ayachi , M. Fakir and B. Bouikhalene , Recognition of Tifinaghe Characters Using a Multilayer Neural Network , International Journal Of Image Processing (IJIP) , vol. 5 , Issue 2 , 2011 . R. EL Ayachi, M. Fakir and B. Bouikhalene, Recognition of Tifinaghe Characters Using a Multilayer Neural Network, International Journal Of Image Processing (IJIP), vol. 5, Issue 2, 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"PHD thesis, Universit\u00e9 Ibn zohr- Agadir, Janvier","author":"Es-Saady Y.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Y. Es-Saady , Contribution au d\u00e9veloppement d'approches de reconnaissance automatique de caract\u00e8res imprim\u00e9s et manuscrits, de textes et de documents amazighs , PHD thesis, Universit\u00e9 Ibn zohr- Agadir, Janvier 2012 . Y. Es-Saady, Contribution au d\u00e9veloppement d'approches de reconnaissance automatique de caract\u00e8res imprim\u00e9s et manuscrits, de textes et de documents amazighs, PHD thesis, Universit\u00e9 Ibn zohr- Agadir, Janvier 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS)","author":"Amrouch M.","year":"1828","unstructured":"M. Amrouch , Y. Es-Saady , A. Rachidi , M. El Yassa , D. Mammass , A New Approach Based On Strokes for Printed Tifinagh Characters Recognition Using the Discriminating Path-HMM , International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS) , Vol. 7 N. 2, ISSN 1828 -6003, March 2012. M. Amrouch, Y. Es-Saady, A. Rachidi, M. El Yassa, D. Mammass, A New Approach Based On Strokes for Printed Tifinagh Characters Recognition Using the Discriminating Path-HMM, International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS), Vol. 7 N. 2, ISSN 1828-6003, March 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"NIPS","author":"LeCun Y.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Y. LeCun , B. Boser , J. S. Denker , D. Henderson , R. E. Howard , W. Hubbard , and L. D. Jackel . Handwritten digit recognition with a back-propagation network , In NIPS , 1990 . Y. LeCun, B. Boser, J. S. Denker, D. Henderson, R. E. Howard, W. Hubbard, and L. D. Jackel. Handwritten digit recognition with a back-propagation network, In NIPS, 1990."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"NIPS","author":"Krizhevsky A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"A. Krizhevsky , I. Sutskever , and G. E. Hinton . Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks . In NIPS , 2012 . A. Krizhevsky, I. Sutskever, and G. E. Hinton. Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In NIPS, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","first-page":"43","volume-title":"International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology","author":"Agrawal Pooja","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pooja Agrawal , M. Hanmandlu , Brejesh Lall , Coarse Classification of Handwritten Hindi Characters , International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology , Vol. 10 , September 2009 , pp. 43 -- 54 Pooja Agrawal, M. Hanmandlu, Brejesh Lall, Coarse Classification of Handwritten Hindi Characters, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, Vol. 10, September 2009, pp. 43--54"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Imagenet large scale visual recognition challenge. CoRR, abs\/1409.0575","author":"Russakovsky O.","year":"2014","unstructured":"O. Russakovsky , J. Deng , H. Su , J. Krause , S. Satheesh , S. Ma , Z. Huang , A. Karpathy , A. Khosla , M. S. Bernstein , A. C. Berg , and L. Fei-Fei . Imagenet large scale visual recognition challenge. CoRR, abs\/1409.0575 , 2014 . 5 O. Russakovsky, J. Deng, H. Su, J. Krause, S. Satheesh, S. Ma, Z. Huang, A. Karpathy, A. Khosla, M. S. Bernstein, A. C. Berg, and L. Fei-Fei. Imagenet large scale visual recognition challenge. CoRR, abs\/1409.0575, 2014. 5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"CoRR","author":"Sermanet P.","year":"2014","unstructured":"P. Sermanet , D. Eigen , X. Zhang , M. Mathieu , R. Fergus , and Y. Le-Cun . Overfeat: Integrated recognition, localization and detection using convolutional networks . In CoRR , volume abs\/ 1312 .6229, 2014 .1 P. Sermanet, D. Eigen, X. Zhang, M. Mathieu, R. Fergus, and Y. Le-Cun. Overfeat: Integrated recognition, localization and detection using convolutional networks. In CoRR, volume abs\/1312.6229, 2014.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Driss Mammass, Handwritten Tifinagh Character Recognition Using Baselines Detection Features, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","author":"Es-Saady Youssef","year":"2014","unstructured":"Youssef Es-Saady , Mustapha Amrouch , Ali Rachidi , Mostafa El Yassa , Driss Mammass, Handwritten Tifinagh Character Recognition Using Baselines Detection Features, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research , Volume 5 , Issue 4, April - 2014 , ISSN 2229-5518. Youssef Es-Saady, Mustapha Amrouch, Ali Rachidi, Mostafa El Yassa, Driss Mammass, Handwritten Tifinagh Character Recognition Using Baselines Detection Features, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 4, April-2014, ISSN 2229-5518."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00084-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"Ebrahimpour R.","year":"2011","unstructured":"R. Ebrahimpour , R. D. Vahid , B. M. Nezhad , Decision Templates with Gradient based Features for Farsi Handwritten Word Recognition , International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology , vol. 4 , No. 1 , January , 2011 , pp. 1 -- 12 . R. Ebrahimpour, R. D. Vahid, B. M. Nezhad, Decision Templates with Gradient based Features for Farsi Handwritten Word Recognition, International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology, vol. 4, No. 1, January, 2011, pp.1--12.","journal-title":"International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence","author":"Minaoui O. Bencharef M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"O. Bencharef M. Fakir B. Minaoui and B. Bouikhalene , Tifinagh character recognition using geodesic distances, decision trees and neural networks, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications , Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence , pages 51 -- 55 , 2011 . O. Bencharef M. Fakir B. Minaoui and B. Bouikhalene, Tifinagh character recognition using geodesic distances, decision trees and neural networks, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence, pages 51--55, 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35289-8_3","volume-title":"Efficient backprop. Neural networks: Tricks of the trade","author":"LeCun Y.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Y. LeCun , L. Bottou , G. B. Orr , and K. M\u00fcller . Efficient backprop. Neural networks: Tricks of the trade , pages 9 -- 18 , 2012 . Y. LeCun, L. Bottou, G. B. Orr, and K. M\u00fcller. Efficient backprop. Neural networks: Tricks of the trade, pages 9--18, 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology","author":"Bouikhalene B. El Kessab C.","year":"2011","unstructured":"B. El Kessab C. Daoui K. Moro B. Bouikhalene and M. Fakir . Recognition of handwritten tifinagh characters using a multilayer neural networks and hidden markov model . Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology , 2011 (15):V, Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology. B. El Kessab C. Daoui K. Moro B. Bouikhalene and M. Fakir. Recognition of handwritten tifinagh characters using a multilayer neural networks and hidden markov model. Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2011 (15):V, Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Vedaldi and K. Lenc. MatConvNet: CNNs for MATLAB. http:\/\/www.vlfeat.org\/matconvnet\/ 2014. 2  A. Vedaldi and K. Lenc. MatConvNet: CNNs for MATLAB. http:\/\/www.vlfeat.org\/matconvnet\/ 2014. 2","DOI":"10.1145\/2733373.2807412"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Practical Recommendations for Gradient-Based Training of Deep Architectures, arXiv:1206.5533","author":"Bengio Yoshua","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yoshua Bengio , Practical Recommendations for Gradient-Based Training of Deep Architectures, arXiv:1206.5533 , 2012 Yoshua Bengio, Practical Recommendations for Gradient-Based Training of Deep Architectures, arXiv:1206.5533, 2012"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Recognition of tifinagh characters using self organizing map and fuzzy k-nearest neighbor","volume":"11","author":"Fakir S. Gounane M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"S. Gounane M. Fakir and B. Bouikhalen , Recognition of tifinagh characters using self organizing map and fuzzy k-nearest neighbor , Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology , 11 ( 15 ): 29 -- 33 , 2011 . S. Gounane M. Fakir and B. Bouikhalen, Recognition of tifinagh characters using self organizing map and fuzzy k-nearest neighbor, Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 11(15):29--33, 2011.","journal-title":"Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10590-1_53"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","first-page":"487","volume-title":"NIPS","author":"Zhou B.","year":"2014","unstructured":"B. Zhou , A. Lapedriza , J. Xiao , A. Torralba , and A. Oliva . Learning deep features for scene recognition using places database . In NIPS , pages 487 -- 495 , 2014 . 8 B. Zhou, A. Lapedriza, J. Xiao, A. Torralba, and A. Oliva. Learning deep features for scene recognition using places database. In NIPS, pages 487--495, 2014. 8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Special Issue on Selected Papers from Third international symposium on Automatic Amazigh processing (SITACAM 13):22--28","author":"Bencharef R. EL Ayachi B. Minaoui M. Fakir B. Bouikhalene M, Oujaoura","year":"2013","unstructured":"R. EL Ayachi B. Minaoui M. Fakir B. Bouikhalene M, Oujaoura and O. Bencharef . Invariant descriptors and classifiers combination for recognition of isolated printed tifinagh characters , International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Special Issue on Selected Papers from Third international symposium on Automatic Amazigh processing (SITACAM 13):22--28 , 2013 . R. EL Ayachi B. Minaoui M. Fakir B. Bouikhalene M, Oujaoura and O. Bencharef. Invariant descriptors and classifiers combination for recognition of isolated printed tifinagh characters, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Special Issue on Selected Papers from Third international symposium on Automatic Amazigh processing (SITACAM 13):22--28, 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","first-page":"674","volume-title":"19th Iberoamerican Congress, CIARP 2014","author":"Frazao Xavier","unstructured":"Xavier Frazao and Luis A . Alexandre, Weighted Convolutional Neural Network Ensemble , 19th Iberoamerican Congress, CIARP 2014 , pp 674 -- 681 Xavier Frazao and Luis A. Alexandre, Weighted Convolutional Neural Network Ensemble, 19th Iberoamerican Congress, CIARP 2014, pp 674--681"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","first-page":"533","article-title":"Learning representations by back-propagating errors nature","volume":"323","author":"Hinton D.E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Rumelhart, D.E. , Hinton , G.E. , Williams , R. J. , Learning representations by back-propagating errors nature . Nature 323 ( 9 ), 533 -- 536 ( 1986 ) Rumelhart, D.E., Hinton, G.E., Williams, R.J., Learning representations by back-propagating errors nature. Nature 323(9), 533--536 (1986)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, special Issue on Selected Papers from Third international symposium on Automatic Amazigh processing (SITACAM 13):29--32","author":"Bouikhalen S. Gounane M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"S. Gounane M. Fakir B. Bouikhalen . Handwritten tifinagh text recognition using fuzzy k-nn and bi-gram language model , International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, special Issue on Selected Papers from Third international symposium on Automatic Amazigh processing (SITACAM 13):29--32 , 2013 . S. Gounane M. Fakir B. Bouikhalen. Handwritten tifinagh text recognition using fuzzy k-nn and bi-gram language model, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, special Issue on Selected Papers from Third international symposium on Automatic Amazigh processing (SITACAM 13):29--32, 2013."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Etudes et documents berb\u00e8res","author":"Zenkouar L.","year":"2004","unstructured":"L. Zenkouar , L'\u00e9criture Amazighe Tifinaghe et Unicode , in Etudes et documents berb\u00e8res . Paris (France). n\u00b0 22 , 2004 , pp. 175 -- 192 . L. Zenkouar, L'\u00e9criture Amazighe Tifinaghe et Unicode, in Etudes et documents berb\u00e8res. Paris (France). n\u00b0 22, 2004, pp. 175--192."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2006.18.7.1527"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1553374.1553506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/089976602760128018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Second international Conference on Business Intelligence (CBI'15)","author":"Gounane S","year":"2015","unstructured":"S Gounane , M Fakir , B Bouikhalene , Performance Comparison of Fuzzy K-NN SVM and ANN Combined with N-gram Language Model for Handwritten Tifinagh Character Recognition , Second international Conference on Business Intelligence (CBI'15) , April 23-25, 2015 S Gounane, M Fakir, B Bouikhalene, Performance Comparison of Fuzzy K-NN SVM and ANN Combined with N-gram Language Model for Handwritten Tifinagh Character Recognition, Second international Conference on Business Intelligence (CBI'15), April 23-25, 2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","article-title":"Recognition of handwritten Amazigh characters based on zoning methods and MLP","volume":"14","author":"Aharrane Nabil","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nabil Aharrane , Karim EL Moutaouakil , Khalid Satori , Recognition of handwritten Amazigh characters based on zoning methods and MLP , Wseas Transactions On Computers , Volume 14 , 2015 . Nabil Aharrane, Karim EL Moutaouakil, Khalid Satori, Recognition of handwritten Amazigh characters based on zoning methods and MLP, Wseas Transactions On Computers, Volume 14, 2015.","journal-title":"Wseas Transactions On Computers"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"International Journal Of Circuits","author":"Gajoui K. El","year":"2016","unstructured":"K. El Gajoui , F. Ataa Allah , M. Oumsis , Recognition of Amazigh language transcribed into Latin based on polygonal approximation , International Journal Of Circuits , Systems And Signal Processing , Volume 10, 2016 . K. El Gajoui, F. Ataa Allah, M. Oumsis, Recognition of Amazigh language transcribed into Latin based on polygonal approximation, International Journal Of Circuits, Systems And Signal Processing, Volume 10, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076"}],"event":{"name":"IML 2017: International Conference on Internet of Things and Machine Learning","acronym":"IML 2017","location":"Liverpool United Kingdom"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Internet of Things and Machine Learning"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3109761.3109788","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3109761.3109788","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T03:37:23Z","timestamp":1750217843000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3109761.3109788"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3109761.3109788","10.1145\/3109761"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3109761.3109788","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-10-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}