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Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hybrid systems combine discrete controllers with adjoining physical processes. While many approaches exist for simulating hybrid systems, there are few approaches for their emulation, especially when the actual physical plant is not available. This paper develops the first formal framework for emulation along with a new compiler that enables large-scale (1000+ components) simulation. We propose a formal model called Synchronous Emulation Automaton (SEA) specifically for modular compilation and parallel execution. SEA combines Linear Time Invariant (LTI) systems with discrete mode switches and has the following semantic differences with Hybrid Automata: \u2780 the Ordinary Differential Equations are solved analytically and the solutions are sampled at the Worst-Case Reaction Time of the model and \u2781 we develop a new composition semantics, which allows individual SEAs to execute in parallel with each other. The proposed semantics eliminates: \u24d0 the need for dynamic numerical solvers, and \u24d1 the Zeno-phenomenon by construction. Experimental results show that process models designed using our tool (Piha) give a 3.6 times execution speedup over Simulink\u00ae, and upto 26 times speedup on manycore architectures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3126536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T12:33:53Z","timestamp":1506515633000},"page":"1-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Modular Compilation of Hybrid Systems for Emulation and Large Scale Simulation"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7524-8292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avinash","family":"Malik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Partha S.","family":"Roop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidharta","family":"Andalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Trew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Mendler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto-Friedrich-University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"{n. d.}. 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Modular code generation from hybrid automata based on data dependency . In Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium , 2003. IEEE, 160--168. Jesung Kim and Insup Lee. 2003. Modular code generation from hybrid automata based on data dependency. In Proceedings of the 9th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium, 2003. IEEE, 160--168."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Quantized-state systems: a DEVS Approach for continuous system simulation","volume":"18","author":"Kofman Ernesto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ernesto Kofman and Sergio Junco . 2001 . Quantized-state systems: a DEVS Approach for continuous system simulation . Trans of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International 18 , 3 (2001), 123 -- 132 . Ernesto Kofman and Sergio Junco. 2001. Quantized-state systems: a DEVS Approach for continuous system simulation. Trans of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International 18, 3 (2001), 123--132.","journal-title":"Trans of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISORC.2008.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Hybrid systems: modeling, analysis and control. Preprint","author":"Lygeros John","year":"1999","unstructured":"John Lygeros , Claire Tomlin , and Shankar Sastry . 1999. Hybrid systems: modeling, analysis and control. Preprint ( 1999 ). http:\/\/www-inst.cs.berkeley.edu\/ ee291e\/sp09\/handouts\/book.pdf. John Lygeros, Claire Tomlin, and Shankar Sastry. 1999. Hybrid systems: modeling, analysis and control. Preprint (1999). http:\/\/www-inst.cs.berkeley.edu\/ ee291e\/sp09\/handouts\/book.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-5401(03)00067-1"},{"volume-title":"Modern Control Engineering","author":"Ogata K.","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"K. 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