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Embed. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>As the cost-per-bit of solid state disks is decreasing quickly, SSDs are supplanting HDDs in many cases, including the primary storage of key-value stores. However, simply deploying LSM-tree-based key-value stores on commercial SSDs is inefficient and induces heavy write amplification and severe garbage collection overhead under write-intensive conditions. The main cause of these critical issues comes from the triple redundant management functionalities lying in the LSM-tree, file system and flash translation layer, which block the awareness between key-value stores and flash devices. Furthermore, we observe that the performance of LSM-tree-based key-value stores is improved little by only eliminating these redundant layers, as the I\/O stacks, including the cache and scheduler, are not optimized for LSM-tree\u2019s unique I\/O patterns.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>To address the issues above, we propose FlashKV, an LSM-tree based key-value store running on open-channel SSDs. FlashKV eliminates the redundant management and semantic isolation by directly managing the raw flash devices in the application layer. With the domain knowledge of LSM-tree and the open-channel information, FlashKV employs a parallel data layout to exploit the internal parallelism of the flash device, and optimizes the compaction, caching and I\/O scheduling mechanisms specifically. Evaluations show that FlashKV effectively improves system performance by 1.5\u00d7 to 4.5\u00d7 and decreases up to 50% write traffic under heavy write conditions, compared to LevelDB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3126545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T12:33:53Z","timestamp":1506515633000},"page":"1-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["FlashKV"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jiacheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Youyou","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Jiwu","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Xiongjun","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1404014.1404019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"15th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST 17)","author":"Bj\u00f8rling Matias","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matias Bj\u00f8rling , Javier Gonzalez , and Philippe Bonnet . 2017 . LightNVM: The linux open-channel SSD subsystem . In 15th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST 17) . USENIX Association, Santa Clara, CA, 359--374. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/fast17\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/bjorling. Matias Bj\u00f8rling, Javier Gonzalez, and Philippe Bonnet. 2017. LightNVM: The linux open-channel SSD subsystem. In 15th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST 17). USENIX Association, Santa Clara, CA, 359--374. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/fast17\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/bjorling."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/362686.362692"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Linux Symposium","author":"Cao MingMing","year":"2008","unstructured":"MingMing Cao , Suparna Bhattacharya , Andreas Dilger , Alex Tomas , and Laurent Vivier . 2008 . The new ext4 filesystem: Current status and future plans . In Proceedings of the Linux Symposium . 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