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Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            We introduce a\n            <jats:italic>deep learning<\/jats:italic>\n            approach for grouping discrete patterns common in graphical designs. Our approach is based on a\n            <jats:italic>convolutional neural network<\/jats:italic>\n            architecture that learns a\n            <jats:italic>grouping measure<\/jats:italic>\n            defined over a pair of pattern elements. Motivated by perceptual grouping principles, the key feature of our network is the encoding of element shape, context, symmetries, and structural arrangements. These element properties are all jointly considered and appropriately weighted in our grouping measure. To better align our measure with human perceptions for grouping, we train our network on a large, human-annotated dataset of pattern groupings consisting of patterns at varying granularity levels, with rich element relations and varieties, and tempered with noise and other data imperfections. Experimental results demonstrate that our deep-learned measure leads to robust grouping results.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3130800.3130841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T16:25:08Z","timestamp":1511367908000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Learning to group discrete graphical patterns"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Zhaoliang","family":"Lun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changqing","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simon Fraser University and Hengyang Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Kalogerakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simon Fraser University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Paule","family":"Cani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simon Fraser University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","volume-title":"Mitra","author":"AlHalawani Sawsan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sawsan AlHalawani , Yongliang Yang , Han Liu , and Niloy J . 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