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Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factorial (factors perceived self-efficacy and loss of control) solution with good reliability (Study 1, n = 201). Confirmatory factor analysis did not confirm the two-factorial structure. Instead, it revealed a better model fit for a one-factorial solution for a German (Study 2, n = 450) and an English version (Study 3, n = 209) of the scale with good indices for convergent and divergent validity. The final questionnaire with 18 items was used in two experimental studies (Study 4, n = 120). We found that interacting with a robot increased self-efficacy and that individual changes in self-efficacy predict more positive evaluations within a student sample, but not a sample of seniors. Interviews with seniors from this study suggested shortening the scale, and revising the instructions and answering scheme. 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