{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T07:04:24Z","timestamp":1772867064184,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]],"date-time":"2018-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008628","name":"Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008628","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Robert Bosch Center for Cyber Physical Systems (RBCCPS) at IISc"},{"name":"Government of India, and Microsoft Azure for Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Cyber-Phys. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Internet of Things (IoT) domains generate large volumes of high-velocity event streams from sensors, which need to be analyzed with low latency to drive decisions. Complex Event Processing (CEP) is a Big Data technique to enable such analytics and is traditionally performed on Cloud Virtual Machines (VM). Leveraging captive IoT edge resources in combination with Cloud VMs can offer better performance, flexibility, and monetary costs for CEP. Here, we formulate an optimization problem for\n            <jats:italic>energy-aware placement of CEP queries<\/jats:italic>\n            , composed as an analytics dataflow, across a collection of edge and Cloud resources, with the goal of minimizing the end-to-end latency for the dataflow. We propose a Genetic Algorithm (GA) meta-heuristic to solve this problem and compare it against a brute-force optimal algorithm (BF). We perform detailed real-world benchmarks on the compute, network, and energy capacity of edge and Cloud resources. These results are used to define a realistic and comprehensive simulation study that validates the BF and GA solutions for 45 diverse CEP dataflows, LAN and WAN setup, and different edge resource availability. We compare the GA and BF solutions against random and Cloud-only baselines for different configurations for a total of 1,764 simulation runs. Our study shows that GA is within 97% of the optimal BF solution that takes hours, maps dataflows with 4--50 queries in 1--26s, and only fails to offer a feasible solution \u226420% of the time.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3140256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]],"date-time":"2018-07-05T19:19:10Z","timestamp":1530818350000},"page":"1-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Distributed Scheduling of Event Analytics across Edge and Cloud"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9797-2417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajrup","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4140-7774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogesh","family":"Simmhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Science, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/945721.945729"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1316689.1316730"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/1453856.1453869"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Fog Computing: A Platform for Internet of Things and Analytics","author":"Bonomi Flavio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Flavio Bonomi , Rodolfo Milito , Preethi Natarajan , and Jiang Zhu . 2014 . Fog Computing: A Platform for Internet of Things and Analytics . Springer International Publishing , Cham , 169--186. Flavio Bonomi, Rodolfo Milito, Preethi Natarajan, and Jiang Zhu. 2014. Fog Computing: A Platform for Internet of Things and Analytics. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 169--186."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/2536258.2536268"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/956993.956995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1966445.1966473"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2187671.2187677"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1569901.1570007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Rencontres Francophones sur les Aspects Algorithmiques des T\u00e9l\u00e9communications (AlgoTel\u201912)","author":"Eyraud-Dubois Lionel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lionel Eyraud-Dubois and Przemyslaw Uznanski . 2012 . Bedibe: Datasets and software tools for distributed bandwidth prediction . In Proceedings of the Rencontres Francophones sur les Aspects Algorithmiques des T\u00e9l\u00e9communications (AlgoTel\u201912) . HAL Archives, La Grande Motte, France, 1--5. Lionel Eyraud-Dubois and Przemyslaw Uznanski. 2012. Bedibe: Datasets and software tools for distributed bandwidth prediction. In Proceedings of the Rencontres Francophones sur les Aspects Algorithmiques des T\u00e9l\u00e9communications (AlgoTel\u201912). HAL Archives, La Grande Motte, France, 1--5."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2012.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/0204035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Data (COMAD\u201914)","author":"Govindarajan Nithyashri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nithyashri Govindarajan , Yogesh Simmhan , Nitin Jamadagni , and Prasant Misra . 2014 . Event processing across edge and the cloud for internet of things applications . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Data (COMAD\u201914) . Computer Society of India, Mumbai, India, 101--104. Nithyashri Govindarajan, Yogesh Simmhan, Nitin Jamadagni, and Prasant Misra. 2014. Event processing across edge and the cloud for internet of things applications. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Management of Data (COMAD\u201914). Computer Society of India, Mumbai, India, 101--104."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2005-1897"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2504730.2504740"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2335484.2335506"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-03964-5_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Large-scale cooperative task distribution on peer-to-peer networks. Web Intelli","volume":"11","author":"Karrels Daniel R.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Daniel R. Karrels , Gilbert L. Peterson , and Barry E. Mullins . 2013 . Large-scale cooperative task distribution on peer-to-peer networks. Web Intelli . Agent Sys. 11 , 1 (Jan. 2013), 67--79. Daniel R. Karrels, Gilbert L. Peterson, and Barry E. Mullins. 2013. Large-scale cooperative task distribution on peer-to-peer networks. Web Intelli. Agent Sys. 11, 1 (Jan. 2013), 67--79.","journal-title":"Agent Sys."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344588.344618"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures &equals","author":"Michalewicz Zbigniew","unstructured":"Zbigniew Michalewicz . 1996. Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures &equals ; Evolution Programs (3rd ed.). Springer-Verlag , London, UK. Zbigniew Michalewicz. 1996. Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures &equals; Evolution Programs (3rd ed.). 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IEEE, 515--519. A. Shukla, H. M. Pandey, and D. Mehrotra. 2015. Comparative review of selection techniques in genetic algorithm. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Futuristic Trends on Computational Analysis and Knowledge Management (ABLAZE\u201915). IEEE, 515--519."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 8th TPC Technology Conference (TCPC\u201916)","author":"Shukla Anshu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anshu Shukla and Yogesh Simmhan . 2016 . Benchmarking distributed stream processing platforms for IoT applications . In Proceedings of the 8th TPC Technology Conference (TCPC\u201916) . Springer International, Cham, 90--106. Anshu Shukla and Yogesh Simmhan. 2016. Benchmarking distributed stream processing platforms for IoT applications. In Proceedings of the 8th TPC Technology Conference (TCPC\u201916). 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