{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T02:51:25Z","timestamp":1776912685584,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Technical University of Madrid","award":["ref.CH\/056\/2008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ref.CH\/056\/2008"]}]},{"name":"UPM Training and Mobility of Researchers Programme","award":["Resolutions 23\/02\/2011 - 28\/06\/2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Resolutions 23\/02\/2011 - 28\/06\/2012"]}]},{"name":"Mercator Research Group","award":["TIN2016-78011-C4-3-R (AEI\/FEDER, UE), TIN2013-46238-C4-4-R, and DGA-FSE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TIN2016-78011-C4-3-R (AEI\/FEDER, UE), TIN2013-46238-C4-4-R, and DGA-FSE"]}]},{"name":"Naval Academy Research Institute"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Comput. Surv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The main achievements of spatio-temporal modelling in the field of Geographic Information Science that spans the past three decades are surveyed. This article offers an overview of: (i) the origins and history of Temporal Geographic Information Systems (T-GIS); (ii) relevant spatio-temporal data models proposed; (iii) the evolution of spatio-temporal modelling trends; and (iv) an analysis of the future trends and developments in T-GIS. It also presents some current theories and concepts that have emerged from the research performed, as well as a summary of the current progress and the upcoming challenges and potential research directions for T-GIS. One relevant result of this survey is the proposed taxonomy of spatio-temporal modelling trends, which classifies 186 modelling proposals surveyed from more than 1,450 articles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3141772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T17:21:50Z","timestamp":1524072110000},"page":"1-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["A Survey of Modelling Trends in Temporal GIS"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6543-1133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willington","family":"Siabato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Department of Geography, Bogot\u00e1 D.C., P.C. Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Claramunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Academy Research Institute, Lanve\u00f3c-Poulmic, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Ilarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zaragoza, I3A, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"Manso-Callejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, School of Topography, Geodesy and Cartography"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007990050005"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Allen G. Edwards and Y. B\u00e9dard. 1995. Qualitative causal modeling in temporal GIS. In Spatial Information Theory. A Theoretical Basis for GIS A. U. Frank and W. Kuhn (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 397--412. E. Allen G. Edwards and Y. B\u00e9dard. 1995. Qualitative causal modeling in temporal GIS. In Spatial Information Theory. A Theoretical Basis for GIS A. U. Frank and W. Kuhn (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 397--412.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-60392-1_26"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/182.358434"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90008-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00045608.2015.1064510"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. G. Aref and H. Samet. 1991. Extending a DBMS with spatial operations. In Advances in Spatial Databases O. G\u00fcnther and H.-J. Schek (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 299--318. W. G. Aref and H. Samet. 1991. Extending a DBMS with spatial operations. In Advances in Spatial Databases O. G\u00fcnther and H.-J. Schek (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 299--318.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-54414-3_44"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/7239.7350"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of GIS\/LIS\u201988: Accessing the World, American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","author":"Armstrong M. P.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L. Becker A. Voigtmann and K. H. Hinrichs. 1996. Temporal support for geo-data in object-oriented databases. In Database and Expert Systems Applications R. R. Wagner and H. Thoma (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 79--93. L. Becker A. Voigtmann and K. H. Hinrichs. 1996. Temporal support for geo-data in object-oriented databases. In Database and Expert Systems Applications R. R. Wagner and H. Thoma (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 79--93.","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0034672"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-9715(96)00008-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/965141.563892"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136588100424936"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1056176.1056180"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","unstructured":"G. Booch J. Rumbaugh and I. Jacobson. 1999. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley Redwood City CA. G. Booch J. Rumbaugh and I. Jacobson. 1999. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley Redwood City CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19475681003700872"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2093973.2093995"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810600830491"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Time, Tense, and the Verb: A Study in Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, with Particular Attention to Spanish","author":"Bull W. E.","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520419827"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","unstructured":"M. Bunge. 1966. Causality. Dover Publications Mineola NY. M. Bunge. 1966. Causality. Dover Publications Mineola NY."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810600607451"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/956676.956689"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2619088"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"MODUL-R: Un formalisme individuel adapt\u00e9 pour les SIRS","volume":"3","author":"Caron C.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Revue de G\u00e9omatique"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.-K. Chang and K.-s. Fu (Eds.). 1980. Pictorial lnformation Systems. Springer Verlag Berlin. S.-K. Chang and K.-s. Fu (Eds.). 1980. Pictorial lnformation Systems. Springer Verlag Berlin.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-09757-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"Conference on data systems languages records, 1959-1990, (CBI 11)'. In Proceedings of the Conference on Data Systems Languages (CODASYL\u201959)","author":"Charles Babbage Institute","year":"1959"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/320434.320440"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-007-0019-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1559\/152304088783886892"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","unstructured":"C. Claramunt and B. Jiang. 2000. A representation of relationships in temporal spaces. In Innovations in GIS 7: GIS and Geocomputation P. Adkinson and D. Martin (Eds.). Taylor 8 Francis London 41--53. C. Claramunt and B. Jiang. 2000. A representation of relationships in temporal spaces. In Innovations in GIS 7: GIS and Geocomputation P. Adkinson and D. Martin (Eds.). Taylor 8 Francis London 41--53."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13875868.2015.1004178"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","volume-title":"Recent Advances in Temporal Databases: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Temporal Databases, J. Clifford and A. Tuzhilin (Eds.). Springer Verlag","author":"Claramunt C."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, M.-J. Kraak and M. Molenaar (Eds.). Taylor 8 Francis","author":"Claramunt C."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_34_1","unstructured":"C. Claramunt C. Parent and M. Th\u00e9riault. 1997. Design patterns for spatio-temporal processes. In Searching for Semantics: Data Mining and Reverse Engineering \u2014Proceedings of the 7th IFIP 2.6 Working Conference on Database Semantics (DS\u201997) S. Spaccapietra and F. J. Maryanski (Eds.). Chapman 8 Hall London 415--428. C. Claramunt C. Parent and M. Th\u00e9riault. 1997. Design patterns for spatio-temporal processes. In Searching for Semantics: Data Mining and Reverse Engineering \u2014Proceedings of the 7th IFIP 2.6 Working Conference on Database Semantics (DS\u201997) S. Spaccapietra and F. J. Maryanski (Eds.). Chapman 8 Hall London 415--428."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Claramunt C. Parent S. Spaccapietra and M. Th\u00e9riault. 1999. Database modelling for environmental and land use changes. In Geographical Information and Planning J. Stillwell S. Geertman and S. Openshaw (Eds.). Springer Berlin 181--202. C. Claramunt C. Parent S. Spaccapietra and M. Th\u00e9riault. 1999. Database modelling for environmental and land use changes. In Geographical Information and Planning J. Stillwell S. Geertman and S. Openshaw (Eds.). Springer Berlin 181--202.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-03954-0_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Claramunt M. Th\u00e9riault and C. Parent. 1998. A qualitative representation of evolving spatial entities in two-dimensional topological spaces. In Innovations in GIS 5: Selected Papers from the Fifth National Conference on GIS Research UK S. Carver (Ed.). Taylor 8 Francis London 121--131. C. Claramunt M. Th\u00e9riault and C. Parent. 1998. A qualitative representation of evolving spatial entities in two-dimensional topological spaces. In Innovations in GIS 5: Selected Papers from the Fifth National Conference on GIS Research UK S. Carver (Ed.). Taylor 8 Francis London 121--131.","DOI":"10.1201\/b16831-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/319983.319986"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/362384.362685"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/356770.356776"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/46.6.680"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_41_1","volume-title":"Theories and Methods of Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Space","author":"Couclelis H."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"U. Dayal F. Manola A. Buchmann U. Chakravarthy D. Goldhirsch S. Heiler J. Orenstein and A. Rosenthal. 1987. Simplifying complex objects: The PROBE approach to modelling and querying them. In Datenbanksysteme in B\u00fcro Technik und Wissenschaft H. J. Schek and G. Schlageter (Eds.). Springer Berlin 17--37. U. Dayal F. Manola A. Buchmann U. Chakravarthy D. Goldhirsch S. Heiler J. Orenstein and A. Rosenthal. 1987. Simplifying complex objects: The PROBE approach to modelling and querying them. In Datenbanksysteme in B\u00fcro Technik und Wissenschaft H. J. Schek and G. Schlageter (Eds.). Springer Berlin 17--37.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-72617-0_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.datak.2012.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_44_1","first-page":"1452","article-title":"A graph model for spatio-temporal evolution","volume":"16","author":"Del Mondo G.","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Univ. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2010.518571"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_46_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis and visualisation of movement: An interdisciplinary review. Move","volume":"3","author":"Dem\u0161ar U.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecol."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2015.1132424"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_48_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1997 American Congress of Surveying and Mapping Annual Convention and Exhibition. 182--189","author":"Edsall R. M."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. A. El-Geresy A. I. Abdelmoty and C. B. Jones. 2002. Spatio-temporal geographic information systems: A causal perspective. In Advances in Databases and Information Systems Y. Manolopoulos and P. N\u00e1vrat (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 191--203. B. A. El-Geresy A. I. Abdelmoty and C. B. Jones. 2002. Spatio-temporal geographic information systems: A causal perspective. In Advances in Databases and Information Systems Y. Manolopoulos and P. N\u00e1vrat (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 191--203.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45710-0_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-011-0149-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O. Enriquez A. Guzm\u00e1n and G. Narv\u00e1ez. 2014. An\u00e1lisis del comportamiento de la precipitaci\u00f3n en el municipio de buenaventura (valle del cauca colombia) en condiciones de desarrollo de los fen\u00f3menos El Ni\u00f1o y La Ni\u00f1a. Cuadernos de Geograf\u00eda: Revista Colombiana de Geograf\u00eda 23 1 165--178. O. Enriquez A. Guzm\u00e1n and G. Narv\u00e1ez. 2014. An\u00e1lisis del comportamiento de la precipitaci\u00f3n en el municipio de buenaventura (valle del cauca colombia) en condiciones de desarrollo de los fen\u00f3menos El Ni\u00f1o y La Ni\u00f1a. Cuadernos de Geograf\u00eda: Revista Colombiana de Geograf\u00eda 23 1 165--178.","DOI":"10.15446\/rcdg.v23n1.41090"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009805532638"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2011.615749"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_54_1","unstructured":"G. Faria C. B. Medeiros and M. A. Nascimento. 1998. An Extensible Framework for Spatio-Temporal Database Applications. Time Center Aalborg. G. Faria C. B. Medeiros and M. A. Nascimento. 1998. An Extensible Framework for Spatio-Temporal Database Applications. Time Center Aalborg."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.12030"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/335191.335426"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/965145.801281"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/49346.50065"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/325405.325412"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/971701.50233"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-39923-0_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15427633scc0401_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11586180_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00045608.2013.792175"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810600965271"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15427633scc0401_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/122058.122065"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. H. G\u00fcting. 1994. An introduction to spatial database systems. VLDB J.\u2014Int. J. Very Large Data Bases 3 4 357--399. R. H. G\u00fcting. 1994. An introduction to spatial database systems. VLDB J.\u2014Int. J. Very Large Data Bases 3 4 357--399.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01231602"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_69_1","unstructured":"R. H. G\u00fcting and M. Schneider. 2005. Moving Objects Databases. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers San Francisco-CA. R. H. G\u00fcting and M. Schneider. 2005. Moving Objects Databases. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers San Francisco-CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/352958.352963"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/971697.602266"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/262762.262766"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_73_1","volume-title":"Innovation Diffusion as a Spatial Process","author":"H\u00e4gerstrand T."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1435-5597.1970.tb01464.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_75_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A spatial data model for moving object databases","volume":"6","author":"Hajari H.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Data. Manage. Syst."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. J. Halls F. A. Polack and S. E. O'Kee. 1999. A new approach to the spatial analysis of temporal change using todes and neural nets. Cybergeo: Eur. J. Geogr. 139. P. J. Halls F. A. Polack and S. E. O'Kee. 1999. A new approach to the spatial analysis of temporal change using todes and neural nets. Cybergeo: Eur. J. Geogr. 139.","DOI":"10.4000\/cybergeo.911"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_77_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Theory of conjugate functions, or algebraic couples; with a preliminary and elementary essay on algebra as the science of pure time","volume":"17","author":"Hamilton W. R.","year":"1837","journal-title":"Trans. Roy. Irish Acad."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_78_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, T. C. Waugh and R. G. Healey (Eds.). Taylor 8 Francis","author":"Hamre T.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_80_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Integrating dynamic modeling and geographic information systems","volume":"4","author":"Hazelton N. W.","year":"1992","journal-title":"URISA J."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Hornsby and M. J. Egenhofer. 1997. Qualitative representation of change. In Spatial Information Theory a Theoretical Basis for GIS S. C. Hirtle and A. U. Frank (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 15--33. K. Hornsby and M. J. Egenhofer. 1997. Qualitative representation of change. In Spatial Information Theory a Theoretical Basis for GIS S. C. Hirtle and A. U. Frank (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 15--33.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-63623-4_40"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136588100240813"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_83_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 2011","author":"Huere Pe\u00f1a J. L.","year":"1823"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799008941538"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1670679.1670682"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_86_1","volume-title":"ISO 19108:2002--Geographic information--Temporal schema. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)","author":"I. O.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10109-005-0147-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/ajassp.2005.1584.1594"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03037383"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810902967397"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_91_1","unstructured":"B. Langefors. 1966. Theoretical Analysis of Information Systems. Studentlitteratur Lund. B. Langefors. 1966. Theoretical Analysis of Information Systems. Studentlitteratur Lund."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_92_1","unstructured":"B. Langefors and B. Sundgren. 1975. Information Systems Architecture. Petrocelli\/Charter New York NY. B. Langefors and B. Sundgren. 1975. Information Systems Architecture. Petrocelli\/Charter New York NY."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_93_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of GIS\/LIS\u201988: Accessing the World. Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","author":"Langran G.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_94_1","volume-title":"Time in Geographic Information Systems. Taylor 8 Francis","author":"Langran G."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/K877-7273-2238-5Q6V"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Computational Movement Analysis","author":"Laube P.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10268-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810701587727"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9671.2010.01236.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2012.682578"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_100_1","first-page":"232","article-title":"Dise\u00f1o de primitivas geom\u00e9tricas espacio-temporales para describir fen\u00f3menos din\u00e1micos","volume":"10","author":"Maldonado Iba\u00f1ez A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"GeoFocus"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Tense Logic","author":"McArthur R. P.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-3219-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810500197652"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9671.2005.00214.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Z. Molina and A. J. Albarran. 2013. An\u00e1lisis multitemporal y de la estructura horizontal de la cobertura de la tierra: Parque nacional yacamb\u00fa estado lara Venezuela. Cuadernos de Geograf\u00eda: Revista Colombiana de Geograf\u00eda. 22 1 25--40. G. Z. Molina and A. J. Albarran. 2013. An\u00e1lisis multitemporal y de la estructura horizontal de la cobertura de la tierra: Parque nacional yacamb\u00fa estado lara Venezuela. Cuadernos de Geograf\u00eda: Revista Colombiana de Geograf\u00eda. 22 1 25--40.","DOI":"10.15446\/rcdg.v22n1.36305"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.24143"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658811003601448"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-007-0023-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11568346_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_109_1","volume-title":"The CODASYL Approach to Data Base Management","author":"Olle T. W."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_110_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Data Engineering. IEEE Computer Society","author":"Ooi B. C."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2011.00818.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2011.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/16856.16886"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.6139"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_115_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE\u201995)","author":"Papakonstantinou Y."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_116_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Information Systems and Technologies for Network Society, Y. Kambayashi, Y. Masunaga, M. Takizawa, and Y. Anzai (Eds.)","author":"Parent C."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/320134.320142"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S026988890400013X"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1559\/152304075784447289"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/D794-N214-221R-23R5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8306.1988.tb00214.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8306.1994.tb01869.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011455820644"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_124_1","volume-title":"Representations of Space and Time","author":"Peuquet D. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799508902022"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_126_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, T. C. Waugh and R. G. Healey (Eds.). Taylor 8 Francis","author":"Peuquet D. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2010.534658"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2011.568485"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/jdm.2000100102"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Price N. Tryfona and C. S. Jensen. 2002. Extending UML for space- and time-dependent applications. In Advanced Topics in Database Research K. Siau (Ed.). IGI Global Hershey PA 342--366. R. Price N. Tryfona and C. S. Jensen. 2002. Extending UML for space- and time-dependent applications. In Advanced Topics in Database Research K. Siau (Ed.). IGI Global Hershey PA 342--366.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-930708-41-9.ch018"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_131_1","volume-title":"Present and Future","author":"Prior A. N."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810802644567"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_133_1","volume-title":"GIS Frontiers in Business and Science Conference, M. Konecny (Ed.). International Cartographic Association, Bern.","author":"Renolen A.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_134_1","volume-title":"Modelling Spatiotemporal Information: The Spatiotemporal Object Model","author":"Renolen A."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9671.00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/caj.1967.4.2.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_137_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Geographic Information Systems in Natural Resources Management (GIS\u201995)","author":"Rojas Vega E."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_138_1","volume-title":"Temporal Aspects in Information Systems: Proceedings. Elsevier, North Holland.","author":"Rolland C.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_139_1","unstructured":"J. R. Rumbaugh M. R. Blaha W. Lorensen F. Eddy and W. Premerlani. 1991. Object-Oriented Modeling and Design. Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River NJ. J. R. Rumbaugh M. R. Blaha W. Lorensen F. Eddy and W. Premerlani. 1991. Object-Oriented Modeling and Design. Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River NJ."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0097-8493(85)90010-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9671.2004.00187.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(93)90034-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_143_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"An interactive bibliography on temporal GIS","volume":"7","author":"Siabato W.","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Spatial Info. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.12080"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_145_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st International Advanced Study Symposium on Topological Data Structures for Geographic Information Systems","author":"Sinton D. F."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/22952.22956"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/971699.318921"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.1986.1663327"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Sriti R. Thibaud and C. Claramunt. 2005. A fuzzy identity-based temporal GIS for the analysis of geomorphometry changes. In Journal on Data Semantics III S. Spaccapietra and E. Zim\u00e1nyi (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 81--99. M. Sriti R. Thibaud and C. Claramunt. 2005. A fuzzy identity-based temporal GIS for the analysis of geomorphometry changes. In Journal on Data Semantics III S. Spaccapietra and E. Zim\u00e1nyi (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 81--99.","DOI":"10.1007\/11496168_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_150_1","volume-title":"Advances in Spatial Data Handling, D. E. Richardson and P. v","author":"Stefanakis E."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1365881031000114080"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9671.2007.01060.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/16856.16888"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_154_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Engineering Design Application Conference. IEEE Computer Society","author":"Stonebraker M."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_155_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to the Geographic Information System of the Canada Land Inventory. Department of Forestry and Rural Development","author":"Tomlinson R. F."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_156_1","volume-title":"Modeling phenomena in spatiotemporal databases: Desiderata and solutions","author":"Tryfona N."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_157_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Database Engineering and Applications Symposium (IDEAS\u201998)","author":"Tryfona N."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009801415799"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/335603.335775"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. Tryfona D. Pfoser and T. Hadzilacos. 1997. Modeling behavior of geographic objects: An experience with the object modeling technique. In Advanced Information Systems Engineering A. Oliv\u00e9 and J. A. Pastor (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 347--359. N. Tryfona D. Pfoser and T. Hadzilacos. 1997. Modeling behavior of geographic objects: An experience with the object modeling technique. In Advanced Information Systems Engineering A. Oliv\u00e9 and J. A. Pastor (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 347--359.","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-63107-0_25"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_161_1","unstructured":"University consortium for geographic information science (UCGIS). (2004\/02\/02). 2002. Research Agenda. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ucgis.org\/priorities\/research\/2002researchagenda.htm. University consortium for geographic information science (UCGIS). (2004\/02\/02). 2002. Research Agenda. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ucgis.org\/priorities\/research\/2002researchagenda.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_162_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"An object-oriented modeling and implementation of spatio-temporal knowledge discovery system","volume":"3","author":"Venkateswara Rao K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Sci. Info. Technol."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_163_1","unstructured":"A. Voigtmann L. Becker and K. H. Hinrichs. 1996. Temporal Extensions for an Object-Oriented Geo-Data-Model. Institut f\u00fcr Informatik M\u00fcnster. A. Voigtmann L. Becker and K. H. Hinrichs. 1996. Temporal Extensions for an Object-Oriented Geo-Data-Model. Institut f\u00fcr Informatik M\u00fcnster."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_164_1","volume-title":"Object-Oriented Design for Temporal GIS. Taylor 8 Francis","author":"Wachowicz M."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Wachowicz and R. G. Healey. 1994. Towards temporality in GIS. In Innovations in GIS 1: Selected Papers from the First National Conference on GIS Research UK M. F. Worboys (Ed.). Taylor 8 Francis Bristol PA 105--115. M. Wachowicz and R. G. Healey. 1994. Towards temporality in GIS. In Innovations in GIS 1: Selected Papers from the First National Conference on GIS Research UK M. F. Worboys (Ed.). Taylor 8 Francis Bristol PA 105--115.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003572800-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2011.561209"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2010.488238"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1499949.1500043"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O. Wolfson and E. Mena. 2005. Applications of moving objects databases. In Spatial Databases: Technologies Techniques and Trends Y. Manolopoulos A. Papadopoulos and M. G. Vassilakopoulos (Eds.). IGI Global Hershey PA 186--203. O. Wolfson and E. Mena. 2005. Applications of moving objects databases. In Spatial Databases: Technologies Techniques and Trends Y. Manolopoulos A. Papadopoulos and M. G. Vassilakopoulos (Eds.). IGI Global Hershey PA 186--203.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-59140-387-6.ch008"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SSDM.1998.688116"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799208901920"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_172_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, P. J. Bresnahan, E. Corwin, and D. J. Cowen (Eds.)","author":"Worboys M. F.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/37.1.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799408902008"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810412331280167"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810600852180"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. F. Worboys and K. Hornsby. 2004. From objects to events: GEM the geospatial event model. In Geographic Information Science M. J. Egenhofer C. Freksa and H. J. Miller (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 327--344. M. F. Worboys and K. Hornsby. 2004. From objects to events: GEM the geospatial event model. In Geographic Information Science M. J. Egenhofer C. Freksa and H. J. Miller (Eds.). Springer Verlag Berlin 327--344.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30231-5_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_178_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling (SDH\u201990)","author":"Worboys M. F."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799008941553"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_180_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st ISPRS Congress\u2014Silk Road for Information from Imagery. International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS)","author":"Wu X."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-012-0158-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_182_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A process-oriented multi-representation of gradual changes","volume":"7","author":"Yang Y.","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Geogr. Info. Decis. Anal."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810701602104"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_184_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of GIS\/LIS\u201994","author":"Yuan M.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_185_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling","author":"Yuan M.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_186_1","volume-title":"Geographic Information Research: Bridging the Atlantic","author":"Yuan M."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9671.00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1559\/152304001782173718"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_189_1","volume-title":"The Handbook of Geographic Information Science","author":"Yuan M."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"A typology of spatiotemporal information queries","author":"Yuan M.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1149-6_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"Computation and Visualization for Understanding Dynamics in Geographic Domains: A Research Agenda","author":"Yuan M.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420060331"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Zheng and X. Zhou (Eds.). 2011. Computing with Spatial Trajectories. Springer New York NY. Y. Zheng and X. Zhou (Eds.). 2011. Computing with Spatial Trajectories. Springer New York NY.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-1629-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04947-7_41"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3048386.3048396"}],"container-title":["ACM Computing Surveys"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3141772","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3141772","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T19:24:56Z","timestamp":1751570696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3141772"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]]},"references-count":192,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3141772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3141772","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-0300","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-04-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-09-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}