{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T03:29:57Z","timestamp":1778038197877,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 105-2218-E-001-006 and MOST 106-2221-E-001-016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 105-2218-E-001-006 and MOST 106-2221-E-001-016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article tackles the problem of joint estimation of human age and facial expression. This is an important yet challenging problem because expressions can alter face appearances in a similar manner to human aging. Different from previous approaches that deal with the two tasks independently, our approach trains a convolutional neural network (CNN) model that unifies ordinal regression and multi-class classification in a single framework. We demonstrate experimentally that our method performs more favorably against state-of-the-art approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3152118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T16:27:31Z","timestamp":1515083251000},"page":"1-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Joint Estimation of Age and Expression by Combining Scattering and Convolutional Networks"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Huei-Fang","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo-Yao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuang-Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chu-Song","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.244"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5244\/C.28.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2016.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2014.2387379"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.829"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995437"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC.2013.538"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.927467"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2412377"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.42.1.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139165495"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2017.2689998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.70733"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2015.2437384"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2013.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2010.5543609"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2010.5543608"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2013.6553737"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206681"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Proc. CVPR. 2547--2553","author":"Guo Guodong","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.542"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25446-8_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2014.2362759"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2015.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2647868.2654889"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Hinton","author":"Krizhevsky Alex","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2003.817091"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2014.2376517"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Proc. CVPR. 2570--2577","author":"Li Changsheng","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/NECO_a_00265"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2016.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Park","author":"Minear Meredith","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.532"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2015.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Proc. ACCV. 115--128","author":"Ren Haoyu","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FGR.2006.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-016-0940-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"ImageNet large scale visual recognition challenge. Int\u2019l J. Computer Visionl","author":"Russakovsky Olga","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298907"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298594"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Proc. ACCV. 203--216","author":"Tan Zichang"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-015-3107-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2015.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"Proc. FG. 1--6.","author":"Wang Xiaolong","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5244\/C.29.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.831"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Li","author":"Yi Dong","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2013.6712720"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10599-4_7"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3152118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3152118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T02:26:26Z","timestamp":1750213586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3152118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3152118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3152118","relation":{},"ISSN":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1551-6857","type":"print"},{"value":"1551-6865","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-09-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-01-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}