{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T18:38:20Z","timestamp":1784572700454,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,21]],"date-time":"2018-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Hum.-Robot Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We are living in an exciting time, as people are living longer, more active lives. This is reshaping how we think about aging. Rather than viewing aging as a problem to be fixed (i.e., a deficit model of aging), many aging researchers are viewing aging as a developmental stage of life to be celebrated and supported, that is, \u201csuccessful aging.\u201d In this article, we embrace this approach and consider it in the context of assistive robot design in an aim to steer the conversation away from deficit models that have limited robot design possibilities. To explore an alternative design approach to the study of aging in human-robot interaction (HRI), we invited five aging researchers (three geriatricians, one gerontologist, and one epidemiologist) and nine older adults to participate in our research. In the study, participants illustrated their interpretations of aging and suggested potential assistive robots. We found that while all participants perceived the importance of potential disabilities due to aging, they considered potential disabilities as only one aspect of the experience of aging. They highlighted other key themes to consider in designing robots to support successful aging, such as older adults\u2019 autonomy and resilience. We discuss these findings for the HRI community and call for \u201crobots for successful aging.\u201d<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3203303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T12:15:57Z","timestamp":1557231357000},"page":"1-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Reframing Assistive Robots to Promote Successful Aging"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Hee Rin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UC San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurel D.","family":"Riek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UC San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Meet Jibo. Retrieved","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Meet Relay. Retrieved","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"WowWee. MiP. 2018. Retrieved April 23 2018 from http:\/\/wowwee.com\/mip\/.  WowWee. MiP. 2018. Retrieved April 23 2018 from http:\/\/wowwee.com\/mip\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmp\/jht026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.19.3.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2012.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/9780822388128"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2157689.2157806"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1957656.1957665"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICORR.2013.6650405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.245"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-009-0030-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4017\/gt.2009.08.02.002.00"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2559636.2559681"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Kathy Charmaz. 2014. Constructing Grounded Theory. Sage Publications Thousand Oaks CA.  Kathy Charmaz. 2014. Constructing Grounded Theory. Sage Publications Thousand Oaks CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858554"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Adele E. Clarke Carrie Friese and Rachel S. Washburn. 2017. Situational Analysis: Grounded Theory After the Interpretive Turn. Sage Publications Thousand Oaks CA.  Adele E. Clarke Carrie Friese and Rachel S. Washburn. 2017. Situational Analysis: Grounded Theory After the Interpretive Turn. Sage Publications Thousand Oaks CA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dana S. Dunn and Erin E. Andrews. 2015. Person-first and identity-first language: Developing psychologists\u2019 cultural competence using disability language.American Psychologist 70 3 255.  Dana S. Dunn and Erin E. Andrews. 2015. Person-first and identity-first language: Developing psychologists\u2019 cultural competence using disability language.American Psychologist 70 3 255.","DOI":"10.1037\/a0038636"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"9th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR\u201905)","author":"Feil-Seifer D."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2014.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/829835"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci1901%262_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/291224.291235"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.137.5.535"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-015-0328-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-130718"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS\u201911)","author":"Gross H."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"International Journal of Social Robotics 4 (dec","author":"Heerink Marcel","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"The influence of social presence on acceptance of a companion robot by older people","volume":"2","author":"Heerink Marcel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Agents"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"17th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (Ro-Man\u201908)","author":"Hoffman G."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181c3ef09"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12030386"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-4065(00)80008-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Ralf Kittmann Tim Fr\u00f6hlich Johannes Sch\u00e4fer Ulrich Reiser Florian Wei\u00dfhardt and Andreas Haug. 2015. Let me introduce myself: I am Care-O-bot 4 a gentleman robot. Mensch Und Computer 2015--Proceedings.  Ralf Kittmann Tim Fr\u00f6hlich Johannes Sch\u00e4fer Ulrich Reiser Florian Wei\u00dfhardt and Andreas Haug. 2015. Let me introduce myself: I am Care-O-bot 4 a gentleman robot. Mensch Und Computer 2015--Proceedings."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2013.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001872089003200503"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","unstructured":"Linda L. Layne Sharra Louise Vostral and Kate Boyer. 2010. Feminist Technology. Vol. 4. University of Illinois Press Champaign IL.  Linda L. Layne Sharra Louise Vostral and Kate Boyer. 2010. Feminist Technology. Vol. 4. University of Illinois Press Champaign IL."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025522"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","unstructured":"Hee Rin Lee. 2017. Collaborative Design for Intelligent Technologies. Ph.D. Dissertation. Indiana University Bloomington IN.  Hee Rin Lee. 2017. Collaborative Design for Intelligent Technologies. Ph.D. Dissertation. Indiana University Bloomington IN."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2493432.2493499"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2909824.3020237"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557395"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"2016 AAAI Spring Symposium Series.","author":"Lee Hee Rin","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"RO-MAN","author":"Lee Hee Rin","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2016.7745148"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025535"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"George E. Marcus and Michael M. J. Fischer. 1999. Anthropology as Cultural Critique: An Experimental Moment in the Human Sciences. University of Chicago Press Chicago IL.  George E. Marcus and Michael M. J. Fischer. 1999. Anthropology as Cultural Critique: An Experimental Moment in the Human Sciences. University of Chicago Press Chicago IL.","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226229539.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"1st IEEE\/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob\u201906)","author":"Marti P."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.01857.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-013-0218-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.2005.00402.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis Neven. 2010. \u2018But obviously not for me\u2019: Robots laboratories and the defiant identity of elder test users. Sociology of Health 8 Illness 32 2 335--347.  Louis Neven. 2010. \u2018But obviously not for me\u2019: Robots laboratories and the defiant identity of elder test users. Sociology of Health 8 Illness 32 2 335--347.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9566.2009.01218.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2006.282203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 1980. International classification of impairments disabilities and handicaps. Geneva Switzerland.  World Health Organization. 1980. International classification of impairments disabilities and handicaps. Geneva Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","volume-title":"Ageism: Negative and Positive","author":"Palmore Erdman","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2207692"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","volume-title":"8th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI\u201913)","author":"Prakash A."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181e040bb"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","volume-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","volume":"7407","author":"Reiser Ulrich","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laurel D. Riek. 2015. Robotics technology in mental health care. Artificial Intelligence in Behavioral and Mental Health Care. 185--203.  Laurel D. Riek. 2015. Robotics technology in mental health care. Artificial Intelligence in Behavioral and Mental Health Care. 185--203.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-420248-1.00008-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3127874"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2701973.2714393"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of We Robot. 1--10","author":"Laurel"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR\u201911)","author":"Laurel"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-014-0242-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA\u201913)","author":"Schroeter C."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10514-016-9549-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"U.S. Social Security Administration","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022826"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2003.03.0032"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","volume":"56","author":"Smarr Cory-Ann"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/223248.223263"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","article-title":"Effect of a human-type communication robot on cognitive function in elderly women living alone","volume":"18","author":"Tanaka Masaaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Socially assistive robotics {grand challenges of robotics}. Robotics 8 Automation Magazine","volume":"14","author":"Tapus A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","unstructured":"United Nations. 2015. World Population Ageing 2015. New York NY 1--32 pages.  United Nations. 2015. World Population Ageing 2015. New York NY 1--32 pages."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2470716"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2559636.2560022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464813515092"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2011.02.003"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3203303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3203303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:08:47Z","timestamp":1750208927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3203303"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,21]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3203303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3203303","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-9522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-9522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,21]]}}}