{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:54:29Z","timestamp":1750308869247,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]],"date-time":"2018-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["GetMobile: Mobile Comp. and Comm."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this article, we give an overview on the security requirements and standards for the fourth generation (4G) long term evolution (LTE) and the fifth generation (5G) wireless systems. Compared with the third generation (3G) universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), the LTE system not only improves the network capacity and coverage but also provides better performance of data rate, access latency, energy efficiency (EE), and spectrum efficiency (SE) [1]. With the increasing data usage and the new multimedia applications, LTE technologies have been proposed by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) as the broadband mobile wireless networks with packet switched, IP-based technology solely, fully inter-working with different access technologies, different types of base stations and relay nodes. To support more use cases with unique service requirements, 5G wireless systems are developed. There are eight advanced features for 5G wireless systems, 1-10 Gbps connections to end points in the field, 1 millisecond latency, 1000x bandwidth per unit area, 10-100x number of connected devices, 99.999% availability, 100% coverage, 90% reduction of network energy usage and up to ten years battery life for low power devices [2]. These advanced features make 5G wireless systems capable of supporting many new use cases, new industry applications, a multitude of devices and applications to connect society at large. Due to the introduction of new characteristics, there are many new security requirements in the design of the security architectures of the 4G LTE and 5G wireless systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3229316.3229322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]],"date-time":"2018-05-25T15:56:11Z","timestamp":1527263771000},"page":"15-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Security Requirement and Standards for 4G and 5G Wireless Systems"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Dongfeng","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rose Qingyang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Utah State University, Logan, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"3GPP system architecture evolution (SAE); security architecture\" 3GPP TS 33.401 version 10.3.0 Release 10 July 2012.  3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"3GPP system architecture evolution (SAE); security architecture\" 3GPP TS 33.401 version 10.3.0 Release 10 July 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"GSMA Intelligence","author":"Understanding G","year":"2014","unstructured":"\" Understanding 5 G : Perspectives on future technological advancements in mobile \", GSMA Intelligence , Dec. 2014 . \"Understanding 5G: Perspectives on future technological advancements in mobile\", GSMA Intelligence, Dec. 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"3GPP system architecture evolution (SAE); Security aspects of non-3GPP accesses \" 3GPP TS 33.402 version 11.4.0 Release 11 Nov. 2012.  3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"3GPP system architecture evolution (SAE); Security aspects of non-3GPP accesses \" 3GPP TS 33.402 version 11.4.0 Release 11 Nov. 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Home evolved Node B (HeNB)\", 3GPP TS 33.320 version 9.0.0 Release","author":"Generation Partnership Project","year":"2010","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project ; Technical Specification; \"Security of Home Node B (HNB) , Home evolved Node B (HeNB)\", 3GPP TS 33.320 version 9.0.0 Release 9, Feb. 2010 . 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Security of Home Node B (HNB), Home evolved Node B (HeNB)\", 3GPP TS 33.320 version 9.0.0 Release 9, Feb. 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"IP multi-media subsystem (IMS) media plane security\" 3GPP TS 33.328 version 9.2.0 Release 9 July 2010.  3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"IP multi-media subsystem (IMS) media plane security\" 3GPP TS 33.328 version 9.2.0 Release 9 July 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Security aspects of machine-type communications (MTC) and other mobile data applications communications enhancements \" 3GPP TS 33.187 version 12.1.0 Release 12 Oct. 2014.  3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Security aspects of machine-type communications (MTC) and other mobile data applications communications enhancements \" 3GPP TS 33.187 version 12.1.0 Release 12 Oct. 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Proximity-based services (ProSe); security aspects\" 3GPP TS 33.303 version 13.3.0 Release 13 March 2016.  3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Proximity-based services (ProSe); security aspects\" 3GPP TS 33.303 version 13.3.0 Release 13 March 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Security of mission critical push to talk (MCPTT) over LTE\" 3GPP TS 33.179 version 13.0.0 Release 13 May 2016.  3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Security of mission critical push to talk (MCPTT) over LTE\" 3GPP TS 33.179 version 13.0.0 Release 13 May 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Security aspect for LTE support of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services\" 3GPP TS 33.185 version 14.0.0 Release 14 July 2017.  3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification; \"Security aspect for LTE support of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services\" 3GPP TS 33.185 version 14.0.0 Release 14 July 2017."}],"container-title":["GetMobile: Mobile Computing and Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3229316.3229322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3229316.3229322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T21:15:12Z","timestamp":1750281312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3229316.3229322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3229316.3229322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3229316.3229322","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-0529","2375-0537"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2375-0529"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2375-0537"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-05-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}