{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T16:16:06Z","timestamp":1769876166449,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]],"date-time":"2018-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004488","name":"Croatian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UIP-2014-09-3875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIP-2014-09-3875"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004488","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article investigates the use of an audio augmented reality (AAR) system to recreate the soundscape of a medieval archaeological site. The aim of our work was to explore whether it is possible to enhance a tourist's archaeological experience, which is often derived from only scarce remains. We developed a smartphone-based AAR system, which uses location and orientation sensors to synthesize the soundscape of a site and plays it to the user via headphones. We recreated the ancient soundscape of a medieval archaeological site in Croatia and tested it in situ on two groups of participants using the soundwalk method. One test group performed the soundwalk while listening to the recreated soundscape using the AAR system, while the second control group did not use the AAR equipment. We measured the experiences of the participants using two methods: the standard soundwalk questionnaire and affective computing equipment for detecting the emotional state of participants. The results of both test methods show that participants who were listening to the ancient soundscape using our AAR system experienced higher arousal than those visiting the site without AAR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3230652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]],"date-time":"2018-07-24T15:50:24Z","timestamp":1532447424000},"page":"1-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Soundscape of an Archaeological Site Recreated with Audio Augmented Reality"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5374-8616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjan","family":"Sikora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia"}]},{"given":"Mladen","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split"}]},{"given":"Jurica","family":"\u0110erek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ericsson Nikola Tesla d.d., Zagreb, Croatia"}]},{"given":"Ante","family":"Jur\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Museum of Croatian Archaeological Monuments, Split, Croatia"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-011-9600-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Australian Acoustical Society. Article 115","author":"Brown L.","year":"2011","unstructured":"L. Brown . 2011 . Advancing the concepts of soundscapes and soundscape planning . In Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Australian Acoustical Society. Article 115 . L. Brown. 2011. Advancing the concepts of soundscapes and soundscape planning. In Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Australian Acoustical Society. Article 115."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Euronoise. 2399--2404","author":"Xinxin R.","unstructured":"R. Xinxin and K. Jian . 2015. Effects of soundscape on rural landscape perception . In Proceedings of Euronoise. 2399--2404 . R. Xinxin and K. Jian. 2015. Effects of soundscape on rural landscape perception. In Proceedings of Euronoise. 2399--2404."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Euronoise. 1535--1540","author":"Romero V. P.","year":"2015","unstructured":"V. P. Romero . 2015 . The influence of the soundscape on the tourists . In Proceedings of Euronoise. 1535--1540 . V. P. Romero. 2015. The influence of the soundscape on the tourists. In Proceedings of Euronoise. 1535--1540."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Forum Acusticum (EAA\u201911)","author":"Botteldooren D.","year":"2011","unstructured":"D. Botteldooren 2011 . Understanding urban and natural soundscapes . In Proceedings of the Forum Acusticum (EAA\u201911) . 2047--2052. D. Botteldooren et al. 2011. Understanding urban and natural soundscapes. In Proceedings of the Forum Acusticum (EAA\u201911). 2047--2052."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"C. Guastavino etal 2005. Ecological validity of soundscape reproduction. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 91 (March 2005) 333--341. C. Guastavino et al. 2005. Ecological validity of soundscape reproduction. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 91 (March 2005) 333--341."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. J. Davies N. S. Bruce and J. E. Murphy. 2014. Soundscape reproduction and synthesis. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 100 (March 2014) 285--292. W. J. Davies N. S. Bruce and J. E. Murphy. 2014. Soundscape reproduction and synthesis. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 100 (March 2014) 285--292.","DOI":"10.3813\/AAA.918708"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Harriet and D. T. Murphy. 2015. Auralisation of an urban soundscape. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 101 (August 2015) 798--810. S. Harriet and D. T. Murphy. 2015. Auralisation of an urban soundscape. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 101 (August 2015) 798--810.","DOI":"10.3813\/AAA.918874"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe.","author":"Kinayouglu G.","year":"2009","unstructured":"G. Kinayouglu . 2009 . Using audio-augmented reality to access the role of soundscape in environmental perception . In Proceedings of Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe. G. Kinayouglu. 2009. Using audio-augmented reality to access the role of soundscape in environmental perception. In Proceedings of Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Three-dimensional virtual acoustic displays. NASA Technical Memorandum #103835. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","author":"Wenzel E. M.","unstructured":"E. M. Wenzel . 1991. Three-dimensional virtual acoustic displays. NASA Technical Memorandum #103835. National Aeronautics and Space Administration , Washington, DC . E. M. Wenzel. 1991. Three-dimensional virtual acoustic displays. NASA Technical Memorandum #103835. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"A touring machine: Prototyping 3D mobile augmented reality systems for exploring the urban environment. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 1, 4 (December","author":"Feiner S.","year":"1997","unstructured":"S. Feiner A touring machine: Prototyping 3D mobile augmented reality systems for exploring the urban environment. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 1, 4 (December 1997 ), 74--81. S. Feiner et al. A touring machine: Prototyping 3D mobile augmented reality systems for exploring the urban environment. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 1, 4 (December 1997), 74--81."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2829944"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of 18th Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference. 1--6.","author":"Chatzidimitris T.","unstructured":"T. Chatzidimitris , D. Gavalas , and D. Michael . 2016. SoundPacman: Audio augmented reality in location-based games . In Proceedings of 18th Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference. 1--6. T. Chatzidimitris, D. Gavalas, and D. Michael. 2016. SoundPacman: Audio augmented reality in location-based games. In Proceedings of 18th Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference. 1--6."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Internoise.","author":"Bruce N. S.","unstructured":"N. S. Bruce and W. J. Davies . 2009. Development of a soundscape simulator tool . In Proceedings of Internoise. N. S. Bruce and W. J. Davies. 2009. Development of a soundscape simulator tool. In Proceedings of Internoise."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Invisible Places","author":"Kalogianni D.","year":"2014","unstructured":"D. Kalogianni and W. Thomas . 2014. The city soundscape and the brain . In Proceedings of Invisible Places 2014 . D. Kalogianni and W. Thomas. 2014. The city soundscape and the brain. In Proceedings of Invisible Places 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"The Tuning of the World","author":"Schafer R. M.","unstructured":"R. M. Schafer . 1977. The Tuning of the World . Random House , New York, NY . R. M. Schafer. 1977. The Tuning of the World. Random House, New York, NY."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"1: Definition and Conceptual Framework ISO 12913-1:2014","author":"International Organization for Standardization. 2014. Acoustics\u2014Soundscape\u2014Part.","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization. 2014. Acoustics\u2014Soundscape\u2014Part. 1: Definition and Conceptual Framework ISO 12913-1:2014 , Geneva, Switzerland . International Organization for Standardization. 2014. Acoustics\u2014Soundscape\u2014Part. 1: Definition and Conceptual Framework ISO 12913-1:2014, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Qualitative judgements of urban soundscapes: Questionning questionnaires and semantic scales","volume":"92","author":"Raimbault M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"M. Raimbault . 2006 . Qualitative judgements of urban soundscapes: Questionning questionnaires and semantic scales . Acta Acustica United with Acustica 92 , 6 (November 2011), 929--937. M. Raimbault. 2006. Qualitative judgements of urban soundscapes: Questionning questionnaires and semantic scales. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 92, 6 (November 2011), 929--937.","journal-title":"Acta Acustica United with Acustica"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Aletta etal 2017. Urban soundscapes: Characterization of a pedestrian tourist route in Sorrento (Italy). Urban Science 1 1 Article 4 (January 2017). F. Aletta et al. 2017. Urban soundscapes: Characterization of a pedestrian tourist route in Sorrento (Italy). Urban Science 1 1 Article 4 (January 2017).","DOI":"10.3390\/urbansci1010004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"C. Scarre and G. Lawson. 2006. Archaeoacustics. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research University of Cambridge United Kingdom. C. Scarre and G. Lawson. 2006. Archaeoacustics. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research University of Cambridge United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Landscape Archaeology Conference (LAC\u201914)","author":"Modica S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Modica . 2014 . Soundscape, landscape and cultural heritage: A case study in proto-historic Italy . In Proceedings of Landscape Archaeology Conference (LAC\u201914) . S. Modica. 2014. Soundscape, landscape and cultural heritage: A case study in proto-historic Italy. In Proceedings of Landscape Archaeology Conference (LAC\u201914)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15640\/jaa.v3n1a4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of 5th Congress of Alps-Adria Acoustics Association.","author":"Suhanek M.","year":"2012","unstructured":"M. Suhanek . 2012 . Perception and evaluation of sudden loudness changes in familiar soundscapes . In Proceedings of 5th Congress of Alps-Adria Acoustics Association. M. Suhanek. 2012. Perception and evaluation of sudden loudness changes in familiar soundscapes. In Proceedings of 5th Congress of Alps-Adria Acoustics Association."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Listening to a city with the soundwalk method","volume":"92","author":"Semidor C.","year":"2006","unstructured":"C. Semidor . 2006 . Listening to a city with the soundwalk method . Acta Acustica United with Acustica 92 , 6 (November 2006), 959--964. C. Semidor. 2006. Listening to a city with the soundwalk method. Acta Acustica United with Acustica 92, 6 (November 2006), 959--964.","journal-title":"Acta Acustica United with Acustica"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2062850.2062916"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132635.3132641"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0077714"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20870\/IJVR.2010.9.2.2767"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Barfield (ed.). 2015. Applications of audio augmented reality. In Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality (1st ed.) 309--330. CRC Press Boca Raton FL. W. Barfield (ed.). 2015. Applications of audio augmented reality. In Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality (1st ed.) 309--330. CRC Press Boca Raton FL.","DOI":"10.1201\/b18703"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/191028.191051"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3092832"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Interactive audio content","volume":"2004","author":"Wakkary R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"R. Wakkary 2004 . Interactive audio content . In Proceedings of Museums and the Web 2004 , 55 -- 60 . R. Wakkary et al. 2004. Interactive audio content. In Proceedings of Museums and the Web 2004, 55--60.","journal-title":"Proceedings of Museums and the Web"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 163--170","author":"Kaghat F. Z.","unstructured":"F. Z. Kaghat and P. Cubaud . 2010. Fluid interaction in audio-guided museum visit . In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 163--170 . F. Z. Kaghat and P. Cubaud. 2010. Fluid interaction in audio-guided museum visit. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 163--170."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Salo D. Giova and T. Mikkonen. 2016. Backend infrastructure supporting audio augmented reality and storytelling. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9735 (June 2016). K. Salo D. Giova and T. Mikkonen. 2016. Backend infrastructure supporting audio augmented reality and storytelling. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9735 (June 2016).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40397-7_31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2422956.2422959"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3115935"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Congress of Alps Adria Acoustic Association (AAAA\u201916)","author":"Sikora M.","unstructured":"M. Sikora , \u0110. Gr\u010di\u0107, and M. Russo . 2016. A tool for soundscape auralization of ancient archaeological sites . In Proceedings of the 7th Congress of Alps Adria Acoustic Association (AAAA\u201916) . M. Sikora, \u0110. Gr\u010di\u0107, and M. Russo. 2016. A tool for soundscape auralization of ancient archaeological sites. In Proceedings of the 7th Congress of Alps Adria Acoustic Association (AAAA\u201916)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Biskupija: Insights into the chronology of the site from late 8<sup>th<\/sup> to 15<sup>th<\/sup> century. In Swords, Crowns","author":"Vicelja-Matija\u0161i\u0107 M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. Vicelja-Matija\u0161i\u0107 . 2015 . Biskupija: Insights into the chronology of the site from late 8<sup>th<\/sup> to 15<sup>th<\/sup> century. In Swords, Crowns , Censers and Books . Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Rijeka, Croatia, 328--372. M. Vicelja-Matija\u0161i\u0107. 2015. Biskupija: Insights into the chronology of the site from late 8<sup>th<\/sup> to 15<sup>th<\/sup> century. In Swords, Crowns, Censers and Books. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Rijeka, Croatia, 328--372."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.34068\/joe.50.02.48","article-title":"Analyzing Likert data","volume":"50","author":"Boone H. N.","year":"2012","unstructured":"H. N. Boone Jr and D. A. Boone . 2012 . Analyzing Likert data . J. Extension 50 , 2 (2012), 1 -- 5 . H. N. Boone Jr and D. A. Boone. 2012. Analyzing Likert data. J. Extension 50, 2 (2012), 1--5.","journal-title":"J. Extension"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.","author":"Burns A.","unstructured":"A. Burns , E. P. Doheny , and B. R. Greene . 2010. SHIMMER\u2122: An extensible platform for physiological signal capture . In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. A. Burns, E. P. Doheny, and B. R. Greene. 2010. SHIMMER\u2122: An extensible platform for physiological signal capture. In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3092840"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3230652","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3230652","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:39:47Z","timestamp":1750210787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3230652"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3230652"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3230652","relation":{},"ISSN":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1551-6857","type":"print"},{"value":"1551-6865","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-09-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-05-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}