{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T23:43:55Z","timestamp":1771890235709,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":66,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]],"date-time":"2018-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1745442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1745442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3242969.3242989","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]],"date-time":"2018-10-02T12:09:29Z","timestamp":1538482169000},"page":"21-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Multimodal Modeling of Coordination and Coregulation Patterns in Speech Rate during Triadic Collaborative Problem Solving"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Angela E.B.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary A.","family":"Keirn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidney K.","family":"D'Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0000021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11412-017-9250-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327809JLS0904_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073912451630"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Brennan","author":"Clark Herbert H.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Herbert H. Clark and Susan E . Brennan . 1991 . Grounding in communication. Perspect. Soc. Shar. Cogn . 13, 1991 (1991), 127--149. Herbert H. Clark and Susan E. Brennan. 1991. Grounding in communication. Perspect. Soc. Shar. Cogn. 13, 1991 (1991), 127--149."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"No gap, lots of overlap","author":"Coates Jennifer","unstructured":"Jennifer Coates . 1994. No gap, lots of overlap ; turn-taking patterns in the talk of women friends. In Researching Language and Literacy in Social Context : A Reader, David Graddol, Janet Maybin and Barry Stierer (eds.). Multilingual Matters , 177--191. Jennifer Coates. 1994. No gap, lots of overlap; turn-taking patterns in the talk of women friends. In Researching Language and Literacy in Social Context: A Reader, David Graddol, Janet Maybin and Barry Stierer (eds.). Multilingual Matters, 177--191."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2699.3.4.243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2012.12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.53.3.497"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Speech and Language Processing, Interspeech.","author":"Dielmann Alfred","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alfred Dielmann , Giulia Garau , and Herv\u00e9 Bourlard . 2010 . Floor holder detection and end of speaker turn prediction in meetings . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Speech and Language Processing, Interspeech. Alfred Dielmann, Giulia Garau, and Herv\u00e9 Bourlard. 2010. Floor holder detection and end of speaker turn prediction in meetings. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Speech and Language Processing, Interspeech."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"What do you mean by collaborative learning","volume":"1","author":"Dillenbourg Pierre","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pierre Dillenbourg . 1999 . What do you mean by collaborative learning ? Collab. Cogn. Comput. Approaches 1 , 6 (1999), 1 -- 19 . Pierre Dillenbourg. 1999. What do you mean by collaborative learning? Collab. Cogn. Comput. Approaches 1, 6 (1999), 1--19.","journal-title":"Collab. Cogn. Comput. Approaches"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Representations.","author":"Dozat Timothy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Timothy Dozat . 2016 . Incorporating nesterov momentum into adam . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Representations. Timothy Dozat. 2016. Incorporating nesterov momentum into adam. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Learning Representations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496491222002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2502081.2502224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2015.7178899"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"2017 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 4131--4138","author":"Feng Will","unstructured":"Will Feng , Anitha Kannan , Georgia Gkioxari , and C. Lawrence Zitnick . 2017. Learn2Smile: Learning non-verbal interaction through observation . In 2017 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 4131--4138 . Will Feng, Anitha Kannan, Georgia Gkioxari, and C. Lawrence Zitnick. 2017. Learn2Smile: Learning non-verbal interaction through observation. In 2017 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 4131--4138."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2013-004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BLOCKS.2015.7369000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.65.5.959"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720811426140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2018.00037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496495264003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07370000701798495"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine Learning, 448--456","author":"Ioffe Sergey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sergey Ioffe and Christian Szegedy . 2015 . Batch normalization: accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift . In Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine Learning, 448--456 . Sergey Ioffe and Christian Szegedy. 2015. Batch normalization: accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift. In Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine Learning, 448--456."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Groupthink: Psychological studies of policy decisions and fiascoes. Houghton Mifflin","author":"Janis Irving Lester","year":"1982","unstructured":"Irving Lester Janis . 1982 . Groupthink: Psychological studies of policy decisions and fiascoes. Houghton Mifflin , Boston . Irving Lester Janis. 1982. Groupthink: Psychological studies of policy decisions and fiascoes. Houghton Mifflin, Boston."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.65.4.681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.45.4.819"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.55.090902.142009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.44.1.78"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1647314.1647332"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496498291005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.1.119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1031(86)90022-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.90.4.644"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076474"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Lenth. 2018. Emmeans: Estimated marginal means aka least-squares means. R Package. R. Lenth. 2018. Emmeans: Estimated marginal means aka least-squares means. R Package.","DOI":"10.32614\/CRAN.package.emmeans"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v069.i01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2382029.2382032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","unstructured":"Zachary C. Lipton David C. Kale and Randall Wetzel. 2016. Directly modeling missing data in sequences with RNNs: Improved classification of clinical time series. In Proceedigns of Machine Learning Research 253--270. Zachary C. Lipton David C. Kale and Randall Wetzel. 2016. Directly modeling missing data in sequences with RNNs: Improved classification of clinical time series. In Proceedigns of Machine Learning Research 253--270."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning.","author":"Maas Andrew L.","unstructured":"Andrew L. Maas , Awni Y. Hannun , and Andrew Y. Ng . 2013. Rectifier nonlinearities improve neural network acoustic models . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning. Andrew L. Maas, Awni Y. Hannun, and Andrew Y. Ng. 2013. Rectifier nonlinearities improve neural network acoustic models. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evolhumbehav.2013.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Learning Representations.","author":"Mao Junhua","year":"2015","unstructured":"Junhua Mao , Wei Xu , Yi Yang , Jiang Wang , Zhiheng Huang , and Alan Yuille . 2015 . Deep captioning with multimodal recurrent neural networks (M-RNN) . In Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Learning Representations. Junhua Mao, Wei Xu, Yi Yang, Jiang Wang, Zhiheng Huang, and Alan Yuille. 2015. Deep captioning with multimodal recurrent neural networks (M-RNN). In Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Learning Representations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1031(03)00040-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.287"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0000_29"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2007.01914.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"Ramenzoni","author":"Riley Michael A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Michael A. Riley , Michael J. Richardson , Kevin Shockley , and Ver\u00f3nica C . Ramenzoni . 2011 . Interpersonal synergies. Front. Psychol . 2, (2011), 38. Michael A. Riley, Michael J. Richardson, Kevin Shockley, and Ver\u00f3nica C. Ramenzoni. 2011. Interpersonal synergies. Front. Psychol. 2, (2011), 38."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047404500001019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The \"virtual team player\": A review and initial model of knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics for virtual collaboration","volume":"7","author":"Schulze Julian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Julian Schulze and Stefan Krumm . 2017 . The \"virtual team player\": A review and initial model of knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics for virtual collaboration . Organ. Psychol. Rev. 7 , 1 (February 2017), 66--95. Julian Schulze and Stefan Krumm. 2017. The \"virtual team player\": A review and initial model of knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics for virtual collaboration. Organ. Psychol. Rev. 7, 1 (February 2017), 66--95.","journal-title":"Organ. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11251-013-9271-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-8765.2009.01021.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2627435.2670313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","unstructured":"I. D. Steiner. 1972. Group processes and group productivity. New York Acad. (1972). I. D. Steiner. 1972. Group processes and group productivity. New York Acad. (1972)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","unstructured":"Chen Sun Valerie Shute Angela E.B. Stewart Jade Yonehiro Nicholas Duran and Sidney K. D'Mello. Toward a generalized competency model of collaborative problem solving. Rev. Chen Sun Valerie Shute Angela E.B. Stewart Jade Yonehiro Nicholas Duran and Sidney K. D'Mello. Toward a generalized competency model of collaborative problem solving. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Motion Tracker: Camera-based monitoring of bodily movements using motion silhouettes","volume":"10","author":"Westlund Jacqueline Kory","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jacqueline Kory Westlund , Sidney K. D'Mello , and Andrew M. Olney . 2015 . Motion Tracker: Camera-based monitoring of bodily movements using motion silhouettes . PLoS One 10 , 6 (June 2015), e0130293. Jacqueline Kory Westlund, Sidney K. D'Mello, and Andrew M. Olney. 2015. Motion Tracker: Camera-based monitoring of bodily movements using motion silhouettes. PLoS One 10, 6 (June 2015), e0130293.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.1991.9713865"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","unstructured":"Code Studio. Retrieved April 1 2018 from https:\/\/studio.code.org\/s\/mc\/stage\/1\/puzzle\/1 Code Studio. Retrieved April 1 2018 from https:\/\/studio.code.org\/s\/mc\/stage\/1\/puzzle\/1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","unstructured":"IBM. Retrieved May 2 2018 from https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/watson\/services\/speech-to-text\/ IBM. Retrieved May 2 2018 from https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/watson\/services\/speech-to-text\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","unstructured":"Keras. Retrieved May 2 2018 from https:\/\/github.com\/keras-team\/keras Keras. Retrieved May 2 2018 from https:\/\/github.com\/keras-team\/keras"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","unstructured":"Convolutional neural networks for visual recognition. Retrieved from http:\/\/cs231n.github.io\/neural-networks-1\/ Convolutional neural networks for visual recognition. Retrieved from http:\/\/cs231n.github.io\/neural-networks-1\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","unstructured":"Scikit Learn. Retrieved May 3 2018 from https:\/\/github.com\/scikit-learn\/scikit-learn Scikit Learn. Retrieved May 3 2018 from https:\/\/github.com\/scikit-learn\/scikit-learn"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","unstructured":"Convolutional neural networks for visual recognition. Retrieved May 3 2018 from http:\/\/cs231n.github.io\/neural-networks-2\/ Convolutional neural networks for visual recognition. Retrieved May 3 2018 from http:\/\/cs231n.github.io\/neural-networks-2\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","volume-title":"PISA 2015 Collaborative Problem Solving Framework.","unstructured":"2015. PISA 2015 Collaborative Problem Solving Framework. 2015. PISA 2015 Collaborative Problem Solving Framework."}],"event":{"name":"ICMI '18: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION","location":"Boulder CO USA","acronym":"ICMI '18","sponsor":["SIGCHI Specialist Interest Group in Computer-Human Interaction of the ACM"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3242969.3242989","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3242969.3242989","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3242969.3242989","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:39:25Z","timestamp":1750210765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3242969.3242989"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3242969.3242989","10.1145\/3242969"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3242969.3242989","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}