{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T06:30:20Z","timestamp":1782282620781,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"CSCW","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Automatic Gender Recognition (AGR) is a subfield of facial recognition that aims to algorithmically identify the gender of individuals from photographs or videos. In wider society the technology has proposed applications in physical access control, data analytics and advertising. Within academia, it is already used in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) to analyse social media usage. Given the long-running critiques of HCI for failing to consider and include transgender (trans) perspectives in research, and the potential implications of AGR for trans people if deployed, I sought to understand how AGR and HCI understand the term \"gender\", and how HCI describes and deploys gender recognition technology. Using a content analysis of papers from both fields, I show that AGR consistently operationalises gender in a trans-exclusive way, and consequently carries disproportionate risk for trans people subject to it. In addition, I use the dearth of discussion of this in HCI papers that apply AGR to discuss how HCI operationalises gender, and the implications that this has for the field's research. I conclude with recommendations for alternatives to AGR, and some ideas for how HCI can work towards a more effective and trans-inclusive treatment of gender.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3274357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T21:21:27Z","timestamp":1541107287000},"page":"1-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":398,"title":["The Misgendering Machines"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Os","family":"Keyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459352"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Trans Competent Interaction Design: A Qualitative Study on Voice, Identity, and Technology. Interacting with Computers 30, 1","author":"Ahmed Alex","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alex Ahmed. 2017. Trans Competent Interaction Design: A Qualitative Study on Voice, Identity, and Technology. Interacting with Computers 30, 1 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media Icwsm (2016","author":"An Jisun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jisun An and Ingmar Weber. 2016. #greysanatomy vs. #yankees: Demographics and Hashtag Use on Twitter. Proceedings of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media Icwsm (2016), 523--526. arXiv:1603.01973 https:\/\/www.aaai.org\/ocs\/index.php\/ICWSM\/ICWSM16\/paper\/view\/13021\/12779"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998243"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Cisgenderism in psychology: pathologising and misgendering children from 1999 to 2008","volume":"3","author":"Gavriel Ansara Y","year":"2012","unstructured":"Y Gavriel Ansara and Peter Hegarty. 2012. Cisgenderism in psychology: pathologising and misgendering children from 1999 to 2008. Psychology & Sexuality 3, 2 (May 2012), 137--160.","journal-title":"Psychology & Sexuality"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0959353514526217"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISM.2013.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-02214-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VLHCC.2004.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0966369X.2015.1073699"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Social Work and Social Welfare: An Invitation","author":"Berg-Weger Marla","unstructured":"Marla Berg-Weger. 2016. Social Work and Social Welfare: An Invitation. Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPTA.2016.7821018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Haimson","author":"Bivens Rena","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rena Bivens and Oliver L. Haimson. 2016. Baking Gender Into Social Media Design: How Platforms Shape Categories for Users and Advertisers. Social Media + Society 2, 4 (2016), 205630511667248."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-0606.2012.00317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2676702.2676709"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702613.2732923"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Gender Shades: Intersectional Accuracy Disparities in Commercial Gender Classification","volume":"81","author":"Buolamwini Joy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joy Buolamwini and Timnit Gebru. 2018. Gender Shades: Intersectional Accuracy Disparities in Commercial Gender Classification. Proceedings of Machine Learning Research 81 (2018), 1--15.","journal-title":"Proceedings of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2016.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Ninth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media","author":"Chen Xin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xin Chen, Yu Wang, Eugene Agichtein, and Fusheng Wang. 2015. A Comparative Study of Demographic Attribute Inference in Twitter. Ninth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (2015), 590--593. http:\/\/www.aaai. org\/ocs\/index.php\/ICWSM\/ICWSM15\/paper\/view\/10541"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2504847"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Embodied Resistance: Challenging the Norms, Breaking the Rules, Chris Bobel & Samantha Kwan (Ed.)","author":"Connell Catherine","unstructured":"Catherine Connell. 2011. Transgender and Genderqueer Workers Negotiating \"the Bathroom Question\". In Embodied Resistance: Challenging the Norms, Breaking the Rules, Chris Bobel & Samantha Kwan (Ed.). Vanderbilt University Press, New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Xindi Mall Extension Technology Application Human Face Recognition System. (Dec","author":"Daily Sing Tao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sing Tao Daily. 2017. Xindi Mall Extension Technology Application Human Face Recognition System. (Dec 2017). Retrieved April 3, 2018 from http:\/\/hd.stheadline.com\/news\/daily\/fin\/626442\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Transgender social inclusion and equality: A pivotal path to development","volume":"19","author":"Divan Vivek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vivek Divan, Clifton Cortez, Marina Smelyanskaya, and Joanne Keatley. 2016. Transgender social inclusion and equality: A pivotal path to development. Journal of the International AIDS Society 19, Suppl 2 (2016), 1--6.","journal-title":"Journal of the International AIDS Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0966369X.2010.503121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025635"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3022198.3024947"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality","author":"Fausto-Sterling Anne","unstructured":"Anne Fausto-Sterling. 2000. Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality. Basic Books, New York, NY, USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998223"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998273"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Purdue Symposium on Ethnomethodology","author":"Garfinkel Harold","year":"1968","unstructured":"Harold Garfinkel. 1968. The Origins of the Term 'Ethnomethodology'. In Proceedings of the Purdue Symposium on Ethnomethodology. Purdue University, 5--11."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Globe and Mail. 2011. Ten ways AI can help you manage your life. (2011). https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/life\/ article-ten-ways-ai-can-help-you-manage-your-life\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/118850.118953"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Transgender people, intimate partner abuse, and the legal system","volume":"48","author":"Goodmark Leigh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Leigh Goodmark. 2013. Transgender people, intimate partner abuse, and the legal system. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 48, 1 (Oct. 2013), 51--104.","journal-title":"Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"J Tanis, J Harrison, J L Herman, and M Keisling.","author":"Grant J M","year":"2011","unstructured":"J M Grant, L a Mottet, J Tanis, J Harrison, J L Herman, and M Keisling. 2011. Injustice at Every Turn: A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey. Washington National Center for Transgender Equality and National Gay and Lesbian Task Force 25 (2011), 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2009.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675152"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858136"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173582"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CW.2009.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","unstructured":"Judah HaNasi. 189. Mishnah Bikkurim. In Mishnah. Chapter 4."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Gendered restrooms and minority stress: The public regulation of gender and its impact on transgender people's lives. Journal of Public Management and Social Policy","author":"Herman Jody L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jody L Herman. 2013. Gendered restrooms and minority stress: The public regulation of gender and its impact on transgender people's lives. Journal of Public Management and Social Policy (2013), 65--80."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/ecs.1996.0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","first-page":"553","article-title":"You Can't Run from the Police: Developing a Feminist Criminology that Incorporates Black Transgender Women","volume":"44","author":"Irvine Angela","year":"2015","unstructured":"Angela Irvine. 2015. You Can't Run from the Police: Developing a Feminist Criminology that Incorporates Black Transgender Women. Southwest Law Review 44 (2015), 553--561. arXiv:arXiv:1011.1669v3","journal-title":"Southwest Law Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173881"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"93--98","author":"Jolliffe Lee","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lee Jolliffe. 1993. Yes! More Content Analyses! Newspaper Research Journal 14, 3--4 (1993), 93--98."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Themself: Critical Analysis of Gender in Facebook.","author":"Kannabiran Gopinaath","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gopinaath Kannabiran. 2011. Themself: Critical Analysis of Gender in Facebook. (2011), 1--6. https:\/\/ feministhciworkshop.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/11\/gkannabiran{_}feministhci2011.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Gender: An ethnomethodological approach","author":"Kessler Suzanne J","year":"1978","unstructured":"Suzanne J Kessler and Wendy McKenna. 1978. Gender: An ethnomethodological approach. University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBA.2016.7477226"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.598"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998230"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5153\/sro.1859"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2014.2361479"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2015.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3109859.3109875"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3027063.3027107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","article-title":"Are You a Boy or a Girl? Show Me Your REAL ID","volume":"9","author":"McGrath James","year":"2009","unstructured":"James McGrath. 2009. Are You a Boy or a Girl? Show Me Your REAL ID. Nevada Law Journal 9, 4 (2009).","journal-title":"Nevada Law Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Living in a Gender-Binary World: Implications for a Revised Model of Consumer Vulnerability","volume":"38","author":"McKeage Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim McKeage, Elizabeth Crosby, and Terri Rittenburg. 2017. Living in a Gender-Binary World: Implications for a Revised Model of Consumer Vulnerability. Journal of Macromarketing 38, 1 (Dec. 2017), 73--90.","journal-title":"Journal of Macromarketing"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15298868.2014.950691"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243208326253"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3106426.3106472"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2015.1080647"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","unstructured":"Janet Mock. 2018. Growing Up Trans: Sisterhood and Shelter at the Hetrick-Martin Institute. (2018). https: \/\/janetmock.com\/2011\/07\/23\/transgender-speech-hetrick-martin-nyc\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","unstructured":"Surya Monro. 2010. Towards a Sociology of Gender Diversity. In Transgender Identities: Towards a Social Analysis of Gender Diversity Sally Hines and Tom Sanger (Eds.). Chapter 4."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2531602.2531654"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Mueller Stefanie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stefanie Mueller, Sean Follmer, Thijs Roumen, and Parinya Punpongsanon. 2017. SCF Summer School. (jul 2017). Retrieved April 12, 2018 from http:\/\/scf-summerschool.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","volume-title":"Invisible Lives: The Erasure of Transsexual and Transgendered People","author":"Namaste Viviane","year":"2000","unstructured":"Viviane Namaste. 2000. Invisible Lives: The Erasure of Transsexual and Transgendered People. University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","volume-title":"Yong Haur Tay, and Bok-Min Goi","author":"Ng Choon Boon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choon Boon Ng, Yong Haur Tay, and Bok-Min Goi. 2012. Vision-based Human Gender Recognition - A Survey. CoRR (2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","volume-title":"Face Recognition Vendor Test (FRVT)-Performance of Automated Gender Classification Algorithms. NIST Interagency\/Internal Report (NISTIR)-8052","author":"Ngan Mei L","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mei L Ngan and Patrick J Grother. 2015. Face Recognition Vendor Test (FRVT)-Performance of Automated Gender Classification Algorithms. NIST Interagency\/Internal Report (NISTIR)-8052 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557085110366226"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18574\/nyu\/9781479833641.001.0001","volume-title":"Algorithms of Oppression. (June","author":"Noble Safiya Umoja","year":"2018","unstructured":"Safiya Umoja Noble. 2018. Algorithms of Oppression. (June 2018), 1--188."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Genomics, divination, 'racecraft","volume":"34","author":"Pamli\u00e9 Stephan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stephan Pamli\u00e9. 2008. Genomics, divination, 'racecraft\". American Ethnologist 34, 2 (Jan. 2008), 205--222.","journal-title":"American Ethnologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2818048.2820030"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2009.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","volume-title":"Intel Demos 5G Facial-Recognition Payment Technology. (dec","author":"Reichert Corinne","year":"2017","unstructured":"Corinne Reichert. 2017. Intel Demos 5G Facial-Recognition Payment Technology. (dec 2017). Retrieved April 3, 2018 from http:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/intel-demos-5g-facial-recognition-payment-technology\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3078714.3078734"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","volume-title":"Walter Pierre Bouman, and Meg-John Barker","author":"Richards Christina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Christina Richards, Walter Pierre Bouman, and Meg-John Barker. 2017. Genderqueer and Non-Binary Genders. Springer, London."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","volume-title":"2009 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops(CVPRW)","volume":"00","author":"Rioux M.","unstructured":"M. Rioux, Chang Shu, and S. Wuhrer. 2009. Posture invariant gender classification for 3D human models. In 2009 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops(CVPRW), Vol. 00. 33--38."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","volume-title":"House Bill 2 and the Myth of the Bathroom Predator: Exploring Gendered Assumptions in the Context of \"Livable Lives\" in Policy Making. Master's thesis","author":"Rippetoe Samantha Janette","unstructured":"Samantha Janette Rippetoe. 2017. House Bill 2 and the Myth of the Bathroom Predator: Exploring Gendered Assumptions in the Context of \"Livable Lives\" in Policy Making. Master's thesis. Stanford, CA, USA. Advisor(s) Atchison, Robert J. AAT 10278703."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243208326874"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intcom.2011.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136911899359510"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2016.0012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-010-9807-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Incorporating Content on Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Issues in Leading Social Work Journals","volume":"37","author":"Scherrer K","year":"2014","unstructured":"K Scherrer and M Woodford. 2014. Incorporating Content on Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Issues in Leading Social Work Journals. Social Work Research 37, 4 (Jan. 2014), 423--431.","journal-title":"Social Work Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243209340034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025766"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","volume-title":"Journal Rankings on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Website. (14","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scimago. 2017. Journal Rankings on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Website. (14 November 2017). http:\/\/www.scimagojr.com\/journalrank.php?category=1707&order=h&ord=desc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538720.2014.891091"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675285"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1556-6678.2011.tb00080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2014.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2017.2669035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/832302.836852"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_97_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Where Do We Go","volume":"7","author":"Thorpe Amelia","year":"2004","unstructured":"Amelia Thorpe. 2004. Where Do We Go? Gender Identity and Gendered Spaces in Postsecondary Institutions. Antistasis 7, 1 (2004), 1--12.","journal-title":"Gender Identity and Gendered Spaces in Postsecondary Institutions. Antistasis"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoandorg.2013.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3027063.3027106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2818052.2855519"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243287001002002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243208326529"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2014.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2011.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-014-0722-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995481"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11558484_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2567948.2576930"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-014-0765-x"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3274357","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3274357","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:44:34Z","timestamp":1750207474000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3274357"}},"subtitle":["Trans\/HCI Implications of Automatic Gender Recognition"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"CSCW","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3274357"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3274357","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-11-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}