{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:50:12Z","timestamp":1776102612618,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"CSCW","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000867","name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000867","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In a mixed methods study of parents and teens (n=200), 87% (n=174) of participants used language consistent with smartphone addiction narratives when asked about their smartphone feelings and use. Mental health researchers and clinicians do not consistently agree about whether smartphone addiction exists nor what it would look like if it does. Our goal in this study was to explore the patterns of responses that people invoked when talking about the role of smartphones in their lives and the lives of those around them. Responses suggested that both parents and teens are aware of and potentially influenced by a narrative that smartphones are addictive and can lead to negative, though largely undefined, consequences. We examine potential origins of this narrative, including media coverage, and examine the critical need for a deeper examination in the CSCW community of how this narrative could be influencing well-being, sense of self, and sensemaking around smartphone use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3274370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T21:21:27Z","timestamp":1541107287000},"page":"1-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["How Much is 'Too Much'?"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Simone","family":"Lanette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Phoebe K.","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Mazmanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.5.2016.088"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3153564"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2441776.2441945"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Medium. Retrieved","author":"Anslow Louis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Louis Anslow. 2016. What technology are we addicted to this time? Medium. Retrieved July 11, 2018 from https:\/\/timeline.com\/what-technology-are-we-addicted-to-this-time-f0f7860f2fab"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"And Focus. Business Insider. Retrieved","author":"Baer Drake","year":"2014","unstructured":"Drake Baer. 2014. 3 Ways Your Smartphone Wrecks Your Sanity, Productivity, And Focus. Business Insider. Retrieved April 19, 2018 from http:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/how-your-iphone-wrecks-your-sanity-productivity-and-focus-2014--3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466446"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"BBC News. Retrieved","author":"News BBC","year":"2018","unstructured":"BBC News. Are we addicted to smartphones? BBC News. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/av\/business-14401476\/are-we-addicted-to-smartphones"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order","author":"Beck Ulrich","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens, and Scott Lash. 1994. Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order. Stanford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-015-0054-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2004.10400033"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Internet Addiction: Metasynthesis of 1996--2006 Quantitative Research","volume":"12","author":"Byun Sookeun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sookeun Byun, Celestino Ruffini, Juline E. Mills, Alecia C. Douglas, Mamadou Niang, Svetlana Stepchenkova, Seul Ki Lee, Jihad Loutfi, Jung-Kook Lee, Mikhail Atallah, and Marina Blanton. 2008. Internet Addiction: Metasynthesis of 1996--2006 Quantitative Research. CyberPsychology & Behavior 12, 2 (December 2008), 203--207.","journal-title":"CyberPsychology & Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Kathy Charmaz. 2014. Constructing Grounded Theory. SAGE."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-005-8138-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Dealing with Devices: The Parent-Teen Dynamic. Retrieved","author":"Media Common Sense","year":"2018","unstructured":"Common Sense Media. 2016. Dealing with Devices: The Parent-Teen Dynamic. Retrieved July 4, 2018 from https:\/\/www.commonsensemedia.org\/technology-addiction-concern-controversy-and-finding-balance-infographic"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Common Sense Media. Retrieved","author":"Media Common Sense","year":"2016","unstructured":"Common Sense Media. 2016. New Report Finds Teens Feel Addicted to Their Phones, Causing Tension at Home | Common Sense Media. Common Sense Media. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from https:\/\/www.commonsensemedia.org\/about-us\/news\/press-releases\/new-report-finds-teens-feel-addicted-to-their-phones-causing-tension-at"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2017.0364"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Simplify Your Day. Retrieved","author":"Crow Klaus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Klaus Crow. 2016. The Huge Benefits of the Digital Sabbatical -- Unplug. Simplify Your Day. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from http:\/\/simplifyyourday.com\/the-huge-benefits-of-the-digital-sabbatical-unplug\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Live Science. Retrieved","author":"Dickerson Kelly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kelly Dickerson. 2014. Are Smartphones Killing Our Conversation Quality? Live Science. Retrieved April 19, 2018 from https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/46817-smartphones-lower-conversation-quality.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","article-title":"Just SEEING a cell phone is bad for your relationship","author":"Duerson Meena","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meena Duerson. 2012. Just SEEING a cell phone is bad for your relationship. NY Daily News. Retrieved April 19, 2018 from http:\/\/www.nydailynews.com\/life-style\/health\/cell-phone-ruining-relationship-room-study-article-1.1153350","journal-title":"NY Daily News. Retrieved"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/410057"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010281418813"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Forster Katie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Katie Forster. 2017. Teenagers May Be \"Replacing Drugs With Smartphones.\" The Independent. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/health-and-families\/health-news\/teenagers-replacing-smartphones-with- drugs-research-drop-in-drug-use-arko-ghosh-nora-volkow-a7630826.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3010915.3010947"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"How to do Discourse Analysis: A Toolkit","author":"Gee James","unstructured":"James Gee. 2010. How to do Discourse Analysis: A Toolkit. Routledge, New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory and Method","author":"Gee James","unstructured":"James Gee. 2014. An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory and Method (4th edition ed.). Routledge, New York.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"The consequences of modernity","author":"Giddens Anthony","unstructured":"Anthony Giddens. 2013. The consequences of modernity. John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Huffington Post. Retrieved","author":"Gregoire Carolyn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Carolyn Gregoire. 2015. Your iPhone Is Making You Depressed. Huffington Post. Retrieved April 19, 2018 from https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2015\/02\/19\/phone-addiction-depression_n_6712882.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13057"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466134"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"The New York Times. Retrieved","author":"Homayoun Ana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ana Homayoun. 2018. Is Your Child a Phone 'Addict'? The New York Times. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/01\/17\/well\/family\/is-your-child-a-phone-addict.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.10.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13763"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"International Journal of Self-Help & Self-Care 2(3)","author":"Kelemen Gabor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gabor Kelemen and Marta Erdos. 2005. The code of grace: A cultural approach to 12-step fellowship programs in hungary. International Journal of Self-Help & Self-Care 2(3), (2005), 187--203."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858568"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702613.2732819"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675244"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3170427.3188584"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3170427.3188584"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-013-0001-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811410406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Scientific American. Retrieved","author":"Lin Helen Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Helen Lee Lin. 2012. How Your Cell Phone Hurts Your Relationships. Scientific American. Retrieved April 19, 2018 from https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/how-your-cell-phone-hurts-your-relationships\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Cheryl CH Yang, and Terry BJ Kuo","author":"Lin Yu-Hsuan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yu-Hsuan Lin, Yu-Cheng Lin, Yang-Han Lee, Po-Hsien Lin, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Li-Ren Chang, Hsien-Wei Tseng, Liang-Yu Yen, Cheryl CH Yang, and Terry BJ Kuo. 2015. Time distortion associated with smartphone addiction: Identifying smartphone addiction via a mobile application (App). Journal of psychiatric research 65, (2015), 139--145."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","unstructured":"Sonia Livingstone Leslie Haddon Anke G\u00f6rzig and Kjartan \u00d3lafsson. 2011. Risks and safety on the internet: the perspective of European children: full findings and policy implications from the EU Kids Online survey of 9--16 year olds and their parents in 25 countries. (2011)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2541831.2541870"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Crackberries: The social implications of ubiquitous wireless e-mail devices. In Designing ubiquitous information environments: Socio-technical issues and challenges","author":"Mazmanian Melissa A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Melissa A. Mazmanian, Wanda J. Orlikowski, and JoAnne Yates. 2005. Crackberries: The social implications of ubiquitous wireless e-mail devices. In Designing ubiquitous information environments: Socio-technical issues and challenges. Springer, 337--343."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557381"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Claim Researchers. Beebom. Retrieved","author":"Mehta Tushar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tushar Mehta. 2018. Smartphone Addiction As Bad As Drug Abuse, Claim Researchers. Beebom. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from https:\/\/beebom.com\/smartphone-addiction-drug-abuse-research\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916514539755"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Anxiety. Tech Times. Retrieved","author":"Navarro Alyssa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alyssa Navarro. 2016. Heavy Smartphone Use Can Lead To Depression, Anxiety. Tech Times. Retrieved April 19, 2018 from http:\/\/www.techtimes.com\/articles\/138483\/20160305\/heavy-smartphone-use-can-lead-to-depression-anxiety.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"2012 Proceedings.","author":"Negahban Arash","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arash Negahban. 2012. Factors Affecting Individual's Intention to Purchase Smartphones from Technology Adoption and Technology Dependence Perspectives. In 2012 Proceedings."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"Parenting. Retrieved","author":"Niz Ellen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ellen Niz. Kids Feel Unimportant to Cell Phone-Addicted Parents. Parenting. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from https:\/\/www.parenting.com\/news-break\/kids-feel-unimportant-to-cell-phone-addicted-parents"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998189"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"The Independent. Retrieved","author":"Pells Rachael","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rachael Pells. 2017. Giving your child a smartphone is like giving them a gram of cocaine, says top addiction expert. The Independent. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/education\/education-news\/child-smart-phones-cocaine-addiction-expert-mandy-saligari-harley-street-charter-clinic-technology-a7777941.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"The Independent. Retrieved","author":"Petter Olivia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olivia Petter. 2017. How your smartphone is ruining your life. The Independent. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from http:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/life-style\/smartphones-ruin-life-ways-sleep-dating-sex-social-media-whatsapp-messaging-a7882031.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"Mobile Fact Sheet. Retrieved","author":"Pew Research Center","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pew Research Center. 2018. Mobile Fact Sheet. Retrieved July 4, 2018 from http:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/fact-sheet\/mobile\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Price Catherine","year":"2018","unstructured":"Catherine Price. A digital diet: Can you go without your smartphone for 24 hours? latimes.com. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from http:\/\/www.latimes.com\/opinion\/op-ed\/la-oe-price-day-of-unplugging-phone-sabbath-20180308-story.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407512453827"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2015.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"CNN. Retrieved","author":"Roberts James","year":"2018","unstructured":"James Roberts and The Conversation. What your personality says about your smartphone addiction. CNN. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2016\/08\/08\/health\/personality-smartphone-addiction\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/JBA.3.2014.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2892481"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2892481"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2370216.2370243"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2012.0323"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/815972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.7.2018.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","article-title":"UK is \"Addicted To Smartphones","author":"Vaswani Karishma Katie Hope","year":"2016","unstructured":"Katie Hope Vaswani Karishma. 2016. UK is \"Addicted To Smartphones.\" BBC News. Retrieved April 18, 2018 from http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-37468560","journal-title":"BBC News. Retrieved"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702240"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3274370","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3274370","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:44:35Z","timestamp":1750207475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3274370"}},"subtitle":["The Role of a Smartphone Addiction Narrative in Individuals' Experience of Use"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"CSCW","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3274370"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3274370","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-11-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}