{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:47:58Z","timestamp":1770338878959,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Worn sensors are popular for automatically tracking exercises. However, a wearable is usually attached to one part of the body, tracks only that location, and thus is inadequate for capturing a wide range of exercises, especially when other limbs are involved. Cameras, on the other hand, can fully track a user's body, but suffer from noise and occlusion. We present GymCam, a camera-based system for automatically detecting, recognizing and tracking multiple people and exercises simultaneously in unconstrained environments without any user intervention. We collected data in a varsity gym, correctly segmenting exercises from other activities with an accuracy of 84.6%, recognizing the type of exercise at 93.6% accuracy, and counting the number of repetitions to within \u00b1 1.7 on average. GymCam advances the field of real-time exercise tracking by filling some crucial gaps, such as tracking whole body motion, handling occlusion, and enabling single-point sensing for a multitude of users.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3287063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T19:28:03Z","timestamp":1545938883000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["GymCam"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Rushil","family":"Khurana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"}]},{"given":"Karan","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"}]},{"given":"Zac","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Mankoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, USA"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"}]},{"given":"Mayank","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2501988.2502045"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D Ant\u00f3n A Go\u00f1i A Illarramendi etal 2015. Exercise recognition for Kinect-based telerehabilitation. Methods Inf Med 54 2 (2015).  D Ant\u00f3n A Go\u00f1i A Illarramendi et al. 2015. Exercise recognition for Kinect-based telerehabilitation. Methods Inf Med 54 2 (2015).","DOI":"10.3414\/ME13-01-0109"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2014.2326254"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3130902"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pyramidal implementation of the affine lucas kanade feature tracker description of the algorithm","volume":"5","author":"Bouguet Jean-Yves","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jean-Yves Bouguet . 2001 . Pyramidal implementation of the affine lucas kanade feature tracker description of the algorithm . Intel Corporation 5 , 1 -- 10 (2001), 4. Jean-Yves Bouguet. 2001. Pyramidal implementation of the affine lucas kanade feature tracker description of the algorithm. Intel Corporation 5, 1--10 (2001), 4.","journal-title":"Intel Corporation"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.19.2296"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhe Cao Tomas Simon Shih-En Wei and Yaser Sheikh. 2017. Real-time Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fields. In CVPR.  Zhe Cao Tomas Simon Shih-En Wei and Yaser Sheikh. 2017. Real-time Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation using Part Affinity Fields. In CVPR.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","volume-title":"Daniel AJ Ryan, and Catrine Tudor-Locke","author":"Chan Catherine B","year":"2004","unstructured":"Catherine B Chan , Daniel AJ Ryan, and Catrine Tudor-Locke . 2004 . Health benefits of a pedometer-based physical activity intervention in sedentary workers. Preventive medicine 39, 6 (2004), 1215--1222. Catherine B Chan, Daniel AJ Ryan, and Catrine Tudor-Locke. 2004. Health benefits of a pedometer-based physical activity intervention in sedentary workers. Preventive medicine 39, 6 (2004), 1215--1222."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1771592.1771594"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1460412.1460488"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","volume-title":"Adversarial posenet: A structure-aware convolutional network for human pose estimation. CoRR, abs\/1705.00389 2","author":"Chen Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu Chen , Chunhua Shen , Xiu-Shen Wei , Lingqiao Liu , and Jian Yang . 2017. Adversarial posenet: A structure-aware convolutional network for human pose estimation. CoRR, abs\/1705.00389 2 ( 2017 ). Yu Chen, Chunhua Shen, Xiu-Shen Wei, Lingqiao Liu, and Jian Yang. 2017. Adversarial posenet: A structure-aware convolutional network for human pose estimation. CoRR, abs\/1705.00389 2 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1728"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SAS.2017.7894068"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2809695.2809708"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Increasing physical activity. A report on recommendations of the Task Force on Community Preventive Services","volume":"50","author":"Heath Gregory","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gregory Heath , Elizabeth H Howze , Emily B Kahn , and Leigh Taylor Ramsey . 2001 . Increasing physical activity. A report on recommendations of the Task Force on Community Preventive Services . MMWYR Recomm Rep 50 (2001), 1 -- 14 . Gregory Heath, Elizabeth H Howze, Emily B Kahn, and Leigh Taylor Ramsey. 2001. Increasing physical activity. A report on recommendations of the Task Force on Community Preventive Services. MMWYR Recomm Rep 50 (2001), 1--14.","journal-title":"MMWYR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-7-40"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-3-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.346"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2006.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3072959.3073596"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557116"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2015035.2015321"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014544558151001"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.231"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2513383.2513392"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernanda R Roque Ana M Briones Ana B Garc\u00eda-Redondo Mar\u00eda Gal\u00e1n Sonia Mart\u00ednez-Revelles Maria S Avenda\u00f1o Victoria Cachofeiro Tiago Fernandes Dalton V Vassallo Edilamar M Oliveira etal 2013. Aerobic exercise reduces oxidative stress and improves vascular changes of small mesenteric and coronary arteries in hypertension. British journal of pharmacology 168 3 (2013) 686--703.  Fernanda R Roque Ana M Briones Ana B Garc\u00eda-Redondo Mar\u00eda Gal\u00e1n Sonia Mart\u00ednez-Revelles Maria S Avenda\u00f1o Victoria Cachofeiro Tiago Fernandes Dalton V Vassallo Edilamar M Oliveira et al. 2013. Aerobic exercise reduces oxidative stress and improves vascular changes of small mesenteric and coronary arteries in hypertension. British journal of pharmacology 168 3 (2013) 686--703.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.02224.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Body Area Networks. ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering), 126--127","author":"Seeger Christian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Christian Seeger , Alejandro Buchmann , and Kristof Van Laerhoven . 2011 . Adaptive gym exercise counting for myHealthAssistant . In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Body Area Networks. ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering), 126--127 . Christian Seeger, Alejandro Buchmann, and Kristof Van Laerhoven. 2011. Adaptive gym exercise counting for myHealthAssistant. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Body Area Networks. ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering), 126--127."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2318776.2318778"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-287-573-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.95.1.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2466171"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2459236.2459256"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-012-0594-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_34_1","first-page":"361","article-title":"Systems and Methods to Generate a Customized Workout Routine. (Aug. 1 2013)","volume":"13","author":"Watterson Scott R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scott R Watterson , David Watterson , and Mark D Watterson . 2013 . Systems and Methods to Generate a Customized Workout Routine. (Aug. 1 2013) . US Patent App. 13\/754 , 361 . Scott R Watterson, David Watterson, and Mark D Watterson. 2013. Systems and Methods to Generate a Customized Workout Routine. (Aug. 1 2013). US Patent App. 13\/754, 361.","journal-title":"US Patent App."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_35_1","unstructured":"Shih-En Wei Varun Ramakrishna Takeo Kanade and Yaser Sheikh. 2016. Convolutional pose machines. In CVPR.  Shih-En Wei Varun Ramakrishna Takeo Kanade and Yaser Sheikh. 2016. Convolutional pose machines. In CVPR."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2016.2603342"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3287063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3287063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:02:08Z","timestamp":1750208528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3287063"}},"subtitle":["Detecting, Recognizing and Tracking Simultaneous Exercises in Unconstrained Scenes"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3287063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3287063","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-9567"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-9567","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-05-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}