{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T19:25:22Z","timestamp":1783106722355,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lorraine Universit\u00e9 d'Excellence","award":["ANR-15-IDEX-04-LUE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-15-IDEX-04-LUE"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIS-1652515, OAC:1835712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-1652515, OAC:1835712"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ANR MuFFin","award":["ANR-17-CE10-0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-CE10-0002"]}]},{"name":"CUHK Direct Research Grant","award":["4055094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4055094"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Most additive manufacturing processes fabricate objects by stacking planar layers of solidified material. As a result, produced parts exhibit a so-called staircase effect, which results from sampling slanted surfaces with parallel planes. Using thinner slices reduces this effect, but it always remains visible where layers\n            <jats:italic>almost<\/jats:italic>\n            align with the input surfaces.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In this research we exploit the ability of some additive manufacturing processes to deposit material slightly out of plane to dramatically reduce these artifacts. We focus in particular on the widespread Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology, since most printers in this category can deposit along slightly curved paths, under deposition slope and thickness constraints.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Our algorithm curves the layers, making them either follow the natural slope of the input surface or on the contrary, make them intersect the surfaces at a steeper angle thereby improving the sampling quality. Rather than directly computing curved layers, our algorithm optimizes for a deformation of the model which is then sliced with a standard planar approach. We demonstrate that this approach enables us to encode all fabrication constraints, including the guarantee of generating collision-free toolpaths, in a convex optimization that can be solved using a QP solver.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>We produce a variety of models and compare print quality between curved deposition and planar slicing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3306346.3323022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T19:04:08Z","timestamp":1562958248000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["CurviSlicer"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Jimmy","family":"Etienne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Panozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Hornus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlie C. L.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon\u00e0s","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"McMains","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Alexa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Wyvill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Victoria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Lefebvre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"3D Printing of Nonplanar Layers for Smooth Surface Generation. Master's thesis","author":"Ahlers Daniel","unstructured":"Daniel Ahlers . 2018. 3D Printing of Nonplanar Layers for Smooth Surface Generation. Master's thesis . University of Hamburg. Daniel Ahlers. 2018. 3D Printing of Nonplanar Layers for Smooth Surface Generation. Master's thesis. University of Hamburg."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2999536"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addma.2015.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12608"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cad.2007.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13552549510104429"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197517.3201342"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4485(94)90032-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cad.2018.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2011.02015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10845-011-0615-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2013.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13552549710185662"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2661229.2661244"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197517.3201353"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"511","article-title":"Alternate Slicing and Deposition Strategies for Fused Deposition Modelling of Light Curved Parts","volume":"55","author":"Huang B","year":"2012","unstructured":"B Huang and S Singamneni . 2012 . Alternate Slicing and Deposition Strategies for Fused Deposition Modelling of Light Curved Parts . J. of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 55 , 2 (2012), 511 -- 517 . B Huang and S Singamneni. 2012. Alternate Slicing and Deposition Strategies for Fused Deposition Modelling of Light Curved Parts. J. of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 55, 2 (2012), 511--517.","journal-title":"J. of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0954405414551076"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2980179.2982401"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2013.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4485(95)00083-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Simon A Austin, and Xavier De Kestelier","author":"Lim Sungwoo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sungwoo Lim , Richard A Buswell , Philip J Valentine , Daniel Piker , Simon A Austin, and Xavier De Kestelier . 2016 . Modelling Curved-Layered Printing Paths for Fabricating Large-Scale Construction Components. Additive Manufacturing ( 2016). Sungwoo Lim, Richard A Buswell, Philip J Valentine, Daniel Piker, Simon A Austin, and Xavier De Kestelier. 2016. Modelling Curved-Layered Printing Paths for Fabricating Large-Scale Construction Components. Additive Manufacturing (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"From 3D models to 3D prints: an overview of the processing pipeline. Computer Graphics Forum 36, 2","author":"Livesu Marco","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marco Livesu , Stefano Ellero , Jon\u00e0s Mart\u00ednez , Sylvain Lefebvre , and Marco Attene . 2017. From 3D models to 3D prints: an overview of the processing pipeline. Computer Graphics Forum 36, 2 ( 2017 ). Marco Livesu, Stefano Ellero, Jon\u00e0s Mart\u00ednez, Sylvain Lefebvre, and Marco Attene. 2017. From 3D models to 3D prints: an overview of the processing pipeline. Computer Graphics Forum 36, 2 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2366145.2366148"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-4485(99)00033-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001700050022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2642918.2647359"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4026898"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13552540310502185"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13552549610153370"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13552549710176662"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cad.2017.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925876"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13552549810239003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Curved layer fused filament fabrication using automated tool-path generation. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing 3","author":"Thomas Llewellyn-Jones","year":"2016","unstructured":"Llewellyn-Jones Thomas , Allen Robert , and Trask Richard . 2016. Curved layer fused filament fabrication using automated tool-path generation. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing 3 ( 2016 ), 236--243. Llewellyn-Jones Thomas, Allen Robert, and Trask Richard. 2016. Curved layer fused filament fabrication using automated tool-path generation. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing 3 (2016), 236--243."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2003.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13552549810222993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"FDM systems and local adaptive slicing. Materials & design 20, 2","author":"Tyberg Justin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Justin Tyberg and Jan Helge B\u00f8hn . 1999. FDM systems and local adaptive slicing. Materials & design 20, 2 ( 1999 ), 77--82. Justin Tyberg and Jan Helge B\u00f8hn. 1999. FDM systems and local adaptive slicing. Materials & design 20, 2 (1999), 77--82."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2542355.2542361"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12527"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the European Association for Computer Graphics (EG '16)","author":"Wang W. M.","unstructured":"W. M. Wang , C. Zanni , and L. Kobbelt . 2016. Improved Surface Quality in 3D Printing by Optimizing the Printing Direction . In Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the European Association for Computer Graphics (EG '16) . 59--70. W. M. Wang, C. Zanni, and L. Kobbelt. 2016. Improved Surface Quality in 3D Printing by Optimizing the Printing Direction. In Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the European Association for Computer Graphics (EG '16). 59--70."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.","author":"Wu Chenming","unstructured":"Chenming Wu , Chengkai Dai , Guoxin Fang , Yong-Jin Liu , and Charlie C. L. Wang . 2017. RoboFDM: a robotic system for support-free fabrication using FDM . In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Chenming Wu, Chengkai Dai, Guoxin Fang, Yong-Jin Liu, and Charlie C. L. Wang. 2017. RoboFDM: a robotic system for support-free fabrication using FDM. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925966"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2816795.2818121"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3306346.3323022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3306346.3323022","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3306346.3323022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:25:52Z","timestamp":1750206352000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3306346.3323022"}},"subtitle":["slightly curved slicing for 3-axis printers"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3306346.3323022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3306346.3323022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-0301","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7368","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-07-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}