{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:32:11Z","timestamp":1750221131224,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":29,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3306500.3306511","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T13:37:58Z","timestamp":1554730678000},"page":"58-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Is ratio even worth experimenting?"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Malissa Maria","family":"Mahmud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Chandra Reka","family":"Ramachandiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asia Pacific University, Kuala, Lumpur, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Othman","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of Language Studies University of Technology MARA, Selangor, Malaysia"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Blended Learning-What Blend? Flexible Learning-How Flexible?.","author":"Daniel J.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Daniel , J. , & Uvali\u0107-Trumbi\u0107 , S. ( 2016 ). Blended Learning-What Blend? Flexible Learning-How Flexible?. Retrieved from http:\/\/sirjohn.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/EADTU_Paper_Flex.pdf Daniel, J., & Uvali\u0107-Trumbi\u0107, S. (2016). Blended Learning-What Blend? Flexible Learning-How Flexible?. Retrieved from http:\/\/sirjohn.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/EADTU_Paper_Flex.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Blended learning in adult education: towards a definition of blended learning. Adult Learners Online! Blended and Online Learning in Adult Education and Training.","author":"Boelens R.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boelens , R. , Van Laer , S. , De Wever , B. , & Elen , J. ( 2015 ). Blended learning in adult education: towards a definition of blended learning. Adult Learners Online! Blended and Online Learning in Adult Education and Training. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.iwt-alo.be\/wpcontent\/uploads\/2015\/08\/01-Project-report-Blended-learning-in-adult-education-towards-adefinition-of-blended-learning.pdf Boelens, R., Van Laer, S., De Wever, B., & Elen, J. (2015). Blended learning in adult education: towards a definition of blended learning. Adult Learners Online! Blended and Online Learning in Adult Education and Training. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.iwt-alo.be\/wpcontent\/uploads\/2015\/08\/01-Project-report-Blended-learning-in-adult-education-towards-adefinition-of-blended-learning.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2007.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Emerging practice and research in blended learning. Handbook of distance education, 3, 333--350","author":"Graham C. R.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Graham , C. R. ( 2013 ). Emerging practice and research in blended learning. Handbook of distance education, 3, 333--350 . Graham, C. R. (2013). Emerging practice and research in blended learning. Handbook of distance education, 3, 333--350."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2008.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1358165032000153160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-17727-4_31-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Executive Summary Malaysia Education\n     Blueprint 2015 - 2025 (Higher Education).\n   (\n  2015\n  ). Retrieved from https:\/\/www.mohe.gov.my\/ms\/muat-turun\/awam\/penerbitan-dan-iurnal\/pppm-2015--2025-pt\/6-executive-summary-pppm-2015-2025\/file  Executive Summary Malaysia Education Blueprint 2015 - 2025 (Higher Education). (2015). Retrieved from https:\/\/www.mohe.gov.my\/ms\/muat-turun\/awam\/penerbitan-dan-iurnal\/pppm-2015--2025-pt\/6-executive-summary-pppm-2015-2025\/file"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Keeping pace with k-12 online learning: An annual review of policy and practice","author":"Watson J. F.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Watson , J. F. , Murin , A. , Vashaw , L. , Gemin , B. , & Rapp , C. ( 2010 ). Keeping pace with k-12 online learning: An annual review of policy and practice . Evergreen, CO : Evergreen Education Group . Retrieved from http:\/\/www.kpk12.com\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/KeepingPaceK12_2010.pdf Watson, J. F., Murin, A., Vashaw, L., Gemin, B., & Rapp, C. (2010). Keeping pace with k-12 online learning: An annual review of policy and practice. Evergreen, CO: Evergreen Education Group. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.kpk12.com\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/KeepingPaceK12_2010.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Blending in: The extent and promise of blended education in the United States","author":"Allen I. E.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Allen , I. E. , Seaman , J. , & Garrett , R. ( 2007 ). Blending in: The extent and promise of blended education in the United States . Sloan Consortium . PO Box 1238, Newburyport, MA 01950. Allen, I. E., Seaman, J., & Garrett, R. (2007). Blending in: The extent and promise of blended education in the United States. Sloan Consortium. PO Box 1238, Newburyport, MA 01950."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2004.02.001"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Blended learning","volume":"7","author":"Dziuban C. D.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dziuban , C. D. , Hartman , J. L. , & Moskal , P. D. ( 2004 ). Blended learning . EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research Bulletin , 7 ( 1 ), 12 . Dziuban, C. D., Hartman, J. L., & Moskal, P. D. (2004). Blended learning. EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research Bulletin, 7(1), 12.","journal-title":"EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Blended learning and sense of community: A comparative analysis with traditional and fully online graduate courses. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 5(2)","author":"Rovai A. P.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rovai , A. P. , & Jordan , H. ( 2004 ). Blended learning and sense of community: A comparative analysis with traditional and fully online graduate courses. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 5(2) . Rovai, A. P., & Jordan, H. (2004). Blended learning and sense of community: A comparative analysis with traditional and fully online graduate courses. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 5(2)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/advan.00026.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Learning effects of blended learning at different ratios with SP chart","volume":"6","author":"Chuang C. P.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chuang , C. P. , Zheng , B. Y. , Chien , H. C. , Huang , Y. J. , & Hsieh , N. T. ( 2012 ). Learning effects of blended learning at different ratios with SP chart . Int. J. Inf. Technol. Comput. Sci , 6 , 143 -- 151 . Chuang, C. P., Zheng, B. Y., Chien, H. C., Huang, Y. J., & Hsieh, N. T. (2012). Learning effects of blended learning at different ratios with SP chart. Int. J. Inf. Technol. Comput. Sci, 6, 143--151.","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Technol. Comput. Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2729.2007.00227.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85170-7_17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85170-7_14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2316\/P.2011.734-036"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Norwegian nurses' experiences with blended learning: An evaluation study","volume":"8","author":"Johansen E.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Johansen , E. , Harding , T. , & Ljosaa , T. M. ( 2012 ). Norwegian nurses' experiences with blended learning: An evaluation study . International Journal of Media, Technology, and Lifelong Learning , 8 ( 1 ), 54 -- 70 . Johansen, E., Harding, T., & Ljosaa, T. M. (2012). Norwegian nurses' experiences with blended learning: An evaluation study. International Journal of Media, Technology, and Lifelong Learning, 8(1), 54--70.","journal-title":"International Journal of Media, Technology, and Lifelong Learning"},{"volume-title":"Undergraduate learners' perceptions of blended learning and its relationship with some demographic and experiential variables at the Arab Open University - Bahrain branch. Education","author":"Shehab SAJ","key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Shehab SAJ . 2007. Undergraduate learners' perceptions of blended learning and its relationship with some demographic and experiential variables at the Arab Open University - Bahrain branch. Education . Bahrain : Arabian Gulf University . p. 160. Shehab SAJ. 2007. Undergraduate learners' perceptions of blended learning and its relationship with some demographic and experiential variables at the Arab Open University - Bahrain branch. Education. Bahrain: Arabian Gulf University. p. 160."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Blended Learning Spaces as a Social Innovation for Local Inclusion, Integration and Employability.","author":"Pelka B.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pelka , B. , & Kaletka , C. ( 2012 ). Blended Learning Spaces as a Social Innovation for Local Inclusion, Integration and Employability. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.proceedings.univ-danubius.ro\/index.php\/eirp\/article\/view\/1362\/1308. Pelka, B., & Kaletka, C. (2012). Blended Learning Spaces as a Social Innovation for Local Inclusion, Integration and Employability. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.proceedings.univ-danubius.ro\/index.php\/eirp\/article\/view\/1362\/1308."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Ragan L. (2007 August 15). Best Practices in Online Teaching. Retrieved from http:\/\/cnx.org\/content\/col10453\/1.2\/  Ragan L. (2007 August 15). Best Practices in Online Teaching. Retrieved from http:\/\/cnx.org\/content\/col10453\/1.2\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15702\/mall.2010.13.2.177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"The Proceedings of The 8th IASTED International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education.","author":"Rutkowski J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rutkowski , J. , Moscinska , K. , & Klosowski , P. ( 2005 ). Redevelopment of a Large Engineering Course from a Traditional to Blended Model-Circuit Theory Example . In The Proceedings of The 8th IASTED International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education. Rutkowski, J., Moscinska, K., & Klosowski, P. (2005). Redevelopment of a Large Engineering Course from a Traditional to Blended Model-Circuit Theory Example. In The Proceedings of The 8th IASTED International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2005.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13673-015-0054-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Teaching music as a university elective course through e-learning","volume":"1","author":"Adileh M. T.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Adileh , M. T. ( 2012 ). Teaching music as a university elective course through e-learning . Australian Journal of Music Education , 1 , 71 -- 79 . Adileh, M. T. (2012). Teaching music as a university elective course through e-learning. Australian Journal of Music Education, 1, 71--79.","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Music Education"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on undergraduate Teaching of Psychology, March (pp. 24--26)","author":"Gratz Z. S.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gratz , Z. S. , Volpe , G. D. , & Kind , B. M. ( 1993 ). Attitudes and achievement in introductory statistics classes: Traditional versus computer-supported instruction (Rep. No. JH940166). In Ellenville, NY: Teaching of Psychology: Ideas and innovations . Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on undergraduate Teaching of Psychology, March (pp. 24--26) . Gratz, Z. S., Volpe, G. D., & Kind, B. M. (1993). Attitudes and achievement in introductory statistics classes: Traditional versus computer-supported instruction (Rep. No. JH940166). In Ellenville, NY: Teaching of Psychology: Ideas and innovations. Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on undergraduate Teaching of Psychology, March (pp. 24--26)."}],"event":{"name":"IC4E 2019: 2019 10th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management and E-Learning","acronym":"IC4E 2019","location":"Tokyo Japan"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management and E-Learning"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3306500.3306511","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3306500.3306511","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:02:24Z","timestamp":1750208544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3306500.3306511"}},"subtitle":["a conceptual review in a blended ecosystem"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3306500.3306511","10.1145\/3306500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3306500.3306511","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}