{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T10:24:47Z","timestamp":1756463087678,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":53,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]],"date-time":"2020-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3319502.3374821","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,7]],"date-time":"2020-03-07T01:30:31Z","timestamp":1583544631000},"page":"529-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Human Perceptions of a Curious Robot that Performs Off-Task Actions"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Nick","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Weatherwax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Allchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Academy, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Takayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Cakmak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-015-0298-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2010.5651385"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-008-0001-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1954.tb01243.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2005.1545011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","volume-title":"Large-scale study of curiosity-driven learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.04355","author":"Burda Yuri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yuri Burda , Harri Edwards , Deepak Pathak , Amos Storkey , Trevor Darrell , and Alexei A Efros . 2018. Large-scale study of curiosity-driven learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.04355 ( 2018 ). Yuri Burda, Harri Edwards, Deepak Pathak, Amos Storkey, Trevor Darrell, and Alexei A Efros. 2018. Large-scale study of curiosity-driven learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.04355 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI '17)","author":"Carpinella Colleen M.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Colleen M. Carpinella , Alisa B. Wyman , Michael A. Perez , and Steven J. Stroessner . 2017. The Robotic Social Attributes Scale (RoSAS): Development and Validation . In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI '17) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 254--262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2909824.30 2020 8 10.1145\/2909824.3020208 Colleen M. Carpinella, Alisa B. Wyman, Michael A. Perez, and Steven J. Stroessner. 2017. The Robotic Social Attributes Scale (RoSAS): Development and Validation. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 254--262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2909824.3020208"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","volume-title":"Expression of Curiosity in Social Robots. In SIGCHI conference on Human factors in Computing Systems .","author":"Ceha Jessy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jessy Ceha , Nalin Chhibber , Joslin Goh , Corina McDonald , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , , Dana Kuli\u0107 , and Edith Law . 2019 . Expression of Curiosity in Social Robots. In SIGCHI conference on Human factors in Computing Systems . Jessy Ceha, Nalin Chhibber, Joslin Goh, Corina McDonald, Pierre-Yves Oudeyer, , Dana Kuli\u0107, and Edith Law. 2019. Expression of Curiosity in Social Robots. In SIGCHI conference on Human factors in Computing Systems ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1622716.1622717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2157689.2157798"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2015.7354194"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"CURIOUS: Intrinsically Motivated Modular Multi-Goal Reinforcement Learning. In International Conference on Machine Learning. 1331--1340","author":"Colas C\u00e9dric","year":"2019","unstructured":"C\u00e9dric Colas , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Olivier Sigaud , Pierre Fournier , and Mohamed Chetouani . 2019 . CURIOUS: Intrinsically Motivated Modular Multi-Goal Reinforcement Learning. In International Conference on Machine Learning. 1331--1340 . C\u00e9dric Colas, Pierre-Yves Oudeyer, Olivier Sigaud, Pierre Fournier, and Mohamed Chetouani. 2019. CURIOUS: Intrinsically Motivated Modular Multi-Goal Reinforcement Learning. In International Conference on Machine Learning. 1331--1340."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","unstructured":"S\u00e9bastien Forestier and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer. 2016. Curiosity-driven development of tool use precursors: a computational model.  S\u00e9bastien Forestier and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer. 2016. Curiosity-driven development of tool use precursors: a computational model."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","unstructured":"Francesca Gino. 2018. Why Curiosity Matters: The Business Case for Curiosity .Harvard Business Review.  Francesca Gino. 2018. Why Curiosity Matters: The Business Case for Curiosity .Harvard Business Review."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CRV.2014.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2696454.2696469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","volume-title":"curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms. Trends in cognitive sciences","author":"Gottlieb Jacqueline","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jacqueline Gottlieb , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Manuel Lopes , and Adrien Baranes . 2013. Information-seeking , curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms. Trends in cognitive sciences , Vol. 17 , 11 ( 2013 ), 585--593. Jacqueline Gottlieb, Pierre-Yves Oudeyer, Manuel Lopes, and Adrien Baranes. 2013. Information-seeking, curiosity, and attention: computational and neural mechanisms. Trends in cognitive sciences , Vol. 17, 11 (2013), 585--593."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-014-9294-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34103-8_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5898\/JHRI.3.1.Hoffman"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2012.120606"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frederic Kaplan and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer. 2007. In search of the neural circuits of intrinsic motivation. Frontiers in neuroscience Vol. 1 (2007) 17.  Frederic Kaplan and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer. 2007. In search of the neural circuits of intrinsic motivation. Frontiers in neuroscience Vol. 1 (2007) 17.","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.01.1.1.017.2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","article-title":"The Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale: Capturing the bandwidth of curiosity and identifying four unique subgroups of curious people","volume":"73","author":"Kashdan Todd","year":"2017","unstructured":"Todd Kashdan , Melissa Stiksma , David Disabato , Patrick Mcknight , John Bekier , Joel Kaji , and Rachel Lazarus . 2017 . The Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale: Capturing the bandwidth of curiosity and identifying four unique subgroups of curious people . Journal of Research in Personality , Vol. 73 (12 2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrp.2017.11.011 10.1016\/j.jrp.2017.11.011 Todd Kashdan, Melissa Stiksma, David Disabato, Patrick Mcknight, John Bekier, Joel Kaji, and Rachel Lazarus. 2017. The Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale: Capturing the bandwidth of curiosity and identifying four unique subgroups of curious people. Journal of Research in Personality , Vol. 73 (12 2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrp.2017.11.011","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"2010 5th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). IEEE, 203--210","author":"Lee Min Kyung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Min Kyung Lee , Sara Kiesler , Jodi Forlizzi , Siddhartha Srinivasa , and Paul Rybski . 2010 . Gracefully mitigating breakdowns in robotic services . In 2010 5th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). IEEE, 203--210 . Min Kyung Lee, Sara Kiesler, Jodi Forlizzi, Siddhartha Srinivasa, and Paul Rybski. 2010. Gracefully mitigating breakdowns in robotic services. In 2010 5th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). IEEE, 203--210."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"The psychology of curiosity: A review and reinterpretation. Psychological bulletin","author":"Loewenstein George","year":"1994","unstructured":"George Loewenstein . 1994. The psychology of curiosity: A review and reinterpretation. Psychological bulletin , Vol. 116 , 1 ( 1994 ), 75. George Loewenstein. 1994. The psychology of curiosity: A review and reinterpretation. Psychological bulletin , Vol. 116, 1 (1994), 75."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAMD.2010.2052419"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Robotics Science and Systems Workshop (Towards Closing the Loop: Active Learning for Robotics)","volume":"55","author":"Modayil Joseph","year":"2010","unstructured":"Joseph Modayil , Patrick M Pilarski , Adam White , Thomas Degris , and Richard S Sutton . 2010 . Off-policy knowledge maintenance for robots . In Proceedings of Robotics Science and Systems Workshop (Towards Closing the Loop: Active Learning for Robotics) , Vol. 55 . Citeseer. Joseph Modayil, Patrick M Pilarski, Adam White, Thomas Degris, and Richard S Sutton. 2010. Off-policy knowledge maintenance for robots. In Proceedings of Robotics Science and Systems Workshop (Towards Closing the Loop: Active Learning for Robotics) , Vol. 55. Citeseer."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DevLrn.2012.6400583"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","volume-title":"The 2012 International Joint Conference on. IEEE, 1--8.","author":"Ngo Hung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hung Ngo , Matthew Luciw , Alexander Forster , and Juergen Schmidhuber . 2012 . Learning skills from play: artificial curiosity on a katana robot arm. In Neural Networks (IJCNN) , The 2012 International Joint Conference on. IEEE, 1--8. Hung Ngo, Matthew Luciw, Alexander Forster, and Juergen Schmidhuber. 2012. Learning skills from play: artificial curiosity on a katana robot arm. In Neural Networks (IJCNN), The 2012 International Joint Conference on. IEEE, 1--8."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2006.282590"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","volume-title":"Computational theories of curiosity-driven learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.10546","author":"Oudeyer Pierre-Yves","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pierre-Yves Oudeyer . 2018. Computational theories of curiosity-driven learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.10546 ( 2018 ). Pierre-Yves Oudeyer. 2018. Computational theories of curiosity-driven learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.10546 (2018)."},{"volume-title":"Intrinsically motivated learning in natural and artificial systems","author":"Oudeyer Pierre-Yves","key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","unstructured":"Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Adrien Baranes , and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Kaplan . 2013. Intrinsically motivated learning of real-world sensorimotor skills with developmental constraints . In Intrinsically motivated learning in natural and artificial systems . Springer , 303--365. Pierre-Yves Oudeyer, Adrien Baranes, and Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Kaplan. 2013. Intrinsically motivated learning of real-world sensorimotor skills with developmental constraints. In Intrinsically motivated learning in natural and artificial systems. Springer, 303--365."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","volume-title":"What Is Intrinsic Motivation? A Typology of Computational Approaches. Frontiers in Neurorobotics","author":"Oudeyer Pierre Yves","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pierre Yves Oudeyer and Frederic Kaplan . 2009. What Is Intrinsic Motivation? A Typology of Computational Approaches. Frontiers in Neurorobotics ( 2009 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/neuro.12.006.2007 arxiv: 1410.5401v2 10.3389\/neuro.12.006.2007 Pierre Yves Oudeyer and Frederic Kaplan. 2009. What Is Intrinsic Motivation? A Typology of Computational Approaches. Frontiers in Neurorobotics (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/neuro.12.006.2007 arxiv: 1410.5401v2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","volume-title":"Intrinsic motivation systems for autonomous mental development","author":"Oudeyer Pierre-Yves","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Frdric Kaplan , and Verena V Hafner . 2007. Intrinsic motivation systems for autonomous mental development . IEEE transactions on evolutionary computation , Vol. 11 , 2 ( 2007 ), 265--286. Pierre-Yves Oudeyer, Frdric Kaplan, and Verena V Hafner. 2007. Intrinsic motivation systems for autonomous mental development. IEEE transactions on evolutionary computation , Vol. 11, 2 (2007), 265--286."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3305890.3305968"},{"volume-title":"The media equation: How people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places","author":"Reeves Byron","key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","unstructured":"Byron Reeves and Clifford Ivar Nass . 1996. The media equation: How people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places . Cambridge university press . Byron Reeves and Clifford Ivar Nass. 1996. The media equation: How people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places. Cambridge university press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","volume-title":"Field investigation of the relationship among adult curiosity, workplace learning, and job performance. Human resource development quarterly","author":"Reio Thomas G","year":"2000","unstructured":"Thomas G Reio Jr and Albert Wiswell . 2000. Field investigation of the relationship among adult curiosity, workplace learning, and job performance. Human resource development quarterly , Vol. 11 , 1 ( 2000 ), 5--30. Thomas G Reio Jr and Albert Wiswell. 2000. Field investigation of the relationship among adult curiosity, workplace learning, and job performance. Human resource development quarterly , Vol. 11, 1 (2000), 5--30."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2157689.2157814"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025416645201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/ceps.1999.1020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","volume-title":"Early childhood curiosity and kindergarten reading and math academic achievement. Pediatric research","author":"Shah Prachi E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Prachi E Shah , Heidi M Weeks , Blair Richards , and Niko Kaciroti . 2018. Early childhood curiosity and kindergarten reading and math academic achievement. Pediatric research , Vol. 84 , 3 ( 2018 ), 380. Prachi E Shah, Heidi M Weeks, Blair Richards, and Niko Kaciroti. 2018. Early childhood curiosity and kindergarten reading and math academic achievement. Pediatric research , Vol. 84, 3 (2018), 380."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-015-0303-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aimag.v32i4.2383"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","volume-title":"Science","volume":"348","author":"Stahl Aimee E","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aimee E Stahl and Lisa Feigenson . 2015 . Observing the unexpected enhances infants' learning and exploration . Science , Vol. 348 , 6230 (2015), 91--94. Aimee E Stahl and Lisa Feigenson. 2015. Observing the unexpected enhances infants' learning and exploration. Science , Vol. 348, 6230 (2015), 91--94."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DEVLRN.2010.5578835"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1957656.1957674"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5898\/JHRI.1.1.Tanaka"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DEVLRN.2007.4354044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691611421204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_52_1","volume-title":"COBRA: Data-Efficient Model-Based RL through Unsupervised Object Discovery and Curiosity-Driven Exploration. arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.09275","author":"Watters Nicholas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nicholas Watters , Loic Matthey , Matko Bosnjak , Christopher P Burgess , and Alexander Lerchner . 2019 . COBRA: Data-Efficient Model-Based RL through Unsupervised Object Discovery and Curiosity-Driven Exploration. arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.09275 (2019). Nicholas Watters, Loic Matthey, Matko Bosnjak, Christopher P Burgess, and Alexander Lerchner. 2019. COBRA: Data-Efficient Model-Based RL through Unsupervised Object Discovery and Curiosity-Driven Exploration. arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.09275 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_53_1","volume-title":"Workshops at the Twenty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence .","author":"White Adam","year":"2014","unstructured":"Adam White , Joseph Modayil , and Richard S Sutton . 2014 . Surprise and curiosity for big data robotics . In Workshops at the Twenty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence . Adam White, Joseph Modayil, and Richard S Sutton. 2014. Surprise and curiosity for big data robotics. In Workshops at the Twenty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence ."}],"event":{"name":"HRI '20: ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","sponsor":["SIGAI ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction","IEEE-RAS Robotics and Automation"],"location":"Cambridge United Kingdom","acronym":"HRI '20"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3319502.3374821","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3319502.3374821","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:38:22Z","timestamp":1750199902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3319502.3374821"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3319502.3374821","10.1145\/3319502"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3319502.3374821","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}