{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T11:22:37Z","timestamp":1764588157321,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":38,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3340531.3412051","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T05:31:03Z","timestamp":1603085463000},"page":"475-484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Privacy-Preserving Classification with Secret Vector Machines"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Valentin","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konark","family":"Modi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cliqz, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josep M.","family":"Pujol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cliqz, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole polytechnique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","unstructured":"2018. Cliqz. https:\/\/cliqz.com\/.  2018. Cliqz. https:\/\/cliqz.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/335191.335438"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Web and Social Media. 523--526","author":"An Jisun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jisun An and Ingmar Weber . 2016 . #greysanatomy vs. #yankees: Demographics and Hashtag Use on Twitter . In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Web and Social Media. 523--526 . Jisun An and Ingmar Weber. 2016. #greysanatomy vs. #yankees: Demographics and Hashtag Use on Twitter. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Web and Social Media. 523--526."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","unstructured":"Michael Barbaro and Tom Zeller Jr. 2006. A Face Is Exposed for AOL Searcher No. 4417749. http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2006\/08\/09\/technology\/09aol.html.  Michael Barbaro and Tom Zeller Jr. 2006. A Face Is Exposed for AOL Searcher No. 4417749. http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2006\/08\/09\/technology\/09aol.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3133956.3133982"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2017.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"Matthieu Courbariaux Yoshua Bengio and Jean-Pierre David. 2015. BinaryConnect: Training deep neural networks with binary weights during propagations. In Advances in neural information processing systems. 3123--3131.  Matthieu Courbariaux Yoshua Bengio and Jean-Pierre David. 2015. BinaryConnect: Training deep neural networks with binary weights during propagations. In Advances in neural information processing systems. 3123--3131."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","unstructured":"Department of Homeland Security. 2014. Increase in Insider Threat Cases Highlight Significant Risks to Business Networks and Proprietary Information. http:\/\/www.ic3.gov\/media\/2014\/140923.aspx.  Department of Homeland Security. 2014. Increase in Insider Threat Cases Highlight Significant Risks to Business Networks and Proprietary Information. http:\/\/www.ic3.gov\/media\/2014\/140923.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11681878_14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","volume-title":"Official Journal of the European Union","author":"European Union. 2016. Regulation (EU) 2016\/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95\/46\/EC (General Data Protection Regulation).","year":"2016","unstructured":"European Union. 2016. Regulation (EU) 2016\/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95\/46\/EC (General Data Protection Regulation). Official Journal of the European Union , Vol. L 119 ( 2016 ), 1--88. European Union. 2016. Regulation (EU) 2016\/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95\/46\/EC (General Data Protection Regulation). Official Journal of the European Union, Vol. L119 (2016), 1--88."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/772862.772869"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","volume-title":"Differentially Private Federated Learning: A Client Level Perspective. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.07557","author":"Geyer Robin C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Robin C Geyer , Tassilo Klein , and Moin Nabi . 2017. Differentially Private Federated Learning: A Client Level Perspective. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.07557 ( 2017 ). Robin C Geyer, Tassilo Klein, and Moin Nabi. 2017. Differentially Private Federated Learning: A Client Level Perspective. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.07557 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics. 315--323","author":"Glorot Xavier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xavier Glorot , Antoine Bordes , and Yoshua Bengio . 2011 . Deep Sparse Rectifier Neural Networks . In Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics. 315--323 . Xavier Glorot, Antoine Bordes, and Yoshua Bengio. 2011. Deep Sparse Rectifier Neural Networks. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics. 315--323."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","unstructured":"Glenn Greenwald and Ewen MacAskill. 2013. NSA Prism program taps in to user data of Apple Google and others. http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jun\/06\/us-tech-giants-nsa-data.  Glenn Greenwald and Ewen MacAskill. 2013. NSA Prism program taps in to user data of Apple Google and others. http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2013\/jun\/06\/us-tech-giants-nsa-data."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","volume-title":"A Comparison of Methods for Multiclass Support Vector Machines","author":"Hsu Chih-Wei","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chih-Wei Hsu and Chih-Jen Lin . 2002. A Comparison of Methods for Multiclass Support Vector Machines . IEEE transactions on Neural Networks , Vol. 13 , 2 ( 2002 ), 415--425. Chih-Wei Hsu and Chih-Jen Lin. 2002. A Comparison of Methods for Multiclass Support Vector Machines. IEEE transactions on Neural Networks, Vol. 13, 2 (2002), 415--425."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"SVM and SVM Ensembles in Breast Cancer Prediction","volume":"12","author":"Huang Min-Wei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Min-Wei Huang , Chih-Wen Chen , Wei-Chao Lin , Shih-Wen Ke , and Chih-Fong Tsai . 2017 . SVM and SVM Ensembles in Breast Cancer Prediction . PLOS ONE , Vol. 12 , 1 (2017), 1 -- 14 . Min-Wei Huang, Chih-Wen Chen, Wei-Chao Lin, Shih-Wen Ke, and Chih-Fong Tsai. 2017. SVM and SVM Ensembles in Breast Cancer Prediction. PLOS ONE, Vol. 12, 1 (2017), 1--14.","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE.2007.367856"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-016-2247-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","volume-title":"FedSel: Federated SGD under Local Differential Privacy with Top-k Dimension Selection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.10637","author":"Liu Ruixuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ruixuan Liu , Yang Cao , Masatoshi Yoshikawa , and Hong Chen . 2020. FedSel: Federated SGD under Local Differential Privacy with Top-k Dimension Selection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.10637 ( 2020 ). Ruixuan Liu, Yang Cao, Masatoshi Yoshikawa, and Hong Chen. 2020. FedSel: Federated SGD under Local Differential Privacy with Top-k Dimension Selection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.10637 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","unstructured":"Michael Lugo. 2017. Sum of 'the first k' binomial coefficients for fixed n. MathOverflow. https:\/\/mathoverflow.net\/q\/17236 (version: 2017--10-01).  Michael Lugo. 2017. Sum of 'the first k' binomial coefficients for fixed n. MathOverflow. https:\/\/mathoverflow.net\/q\/17236 (version: 2017--10-01)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE.2006.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","volume-title":"Anitha Jabamalairaj, Srinivas Bandaru, Mukesh Yadav, Anuraj Nayarisseri, and Victor Arokia Doss.","author":"Marunnan Sahila Mohammed","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sahila Mohammed Marunnan , Babitha Pallikkara Pulikkal , Anitha Jabamalairaj, Srinivas Bandaru, Mukesh Yadav, Anuraj Nayarisseri, and Victor Arokia Doss. 2017 . Development of MLR and SVM Aided QSAR Models to Identify Common SAR of GABA Uptake Herbal Inhibitors used in the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Current Neuropharmacology , Vol. 15 , 8 (2017), 1085?1092. Sahila Mohammed Marunnan, Babitha Pallikkara Pulikkal, Anitha Jabamalairaj, Srinivas Bandaru, Mukesh Yadav, Anuraj Nayarisseri, and Victor Arokia Doss. 2017. Development of MLR and SVM Aided QSAR Models to Identify Common SAR of GABA Uptake Herbal Inhibitors used in the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Current Neuropharmacology, Vol. 15, 8 (2017), 1085?1092."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (Proceedings of Machine Learning Research).","author":"McMahan Brendan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brendan McMahan , Eider Moore , Daniel Ramage , Seth Hampson , and Blaise Ag\u00fcera y Arcas . 2017 a. Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data . In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (Proceedings of Machine Learning Research). Brendan McMahan, Eider Moore, Daniel Ramage, Seth Hampson, and Blaise Ag\u00fcera y Arcas. 2017a. Communication-Efficient Learning of Deep Networks from Decentralized Data. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (Proceedings of Machine Learning Research)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"Learning Differentially Private Language Models Without Losing Accuracy. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.06963","author":"McMahan H. Brendan","year":"2017","unstructured":"H. Brendan McMahan , Daniel Ramage , Kunal Talwar , and Li Zhang . 2017b. Learning Differentially Private Language Models Without Losing Accuracy. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.06963 ( 2017 ). H. Brendan McMahan, Daniel Ramage, Kunal Talwar, and Li Zhang. 2017b. Learning Differentially Private Language Models Without Losing Accuracy. arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.06963 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"Pujol","author":"Modi Konark","year":"2017","unstructured":"Konark Modi , Alex Caterineu , Philipe Classen , and Josep M . Pujol . 2017 . Human Web Overview. Technical Report. Cliqz . Konark Modi, Alex Caterineu, Philipe Classen, and Josep M. Pujol. 2017. Human Web Overview. Technical Report. Cliqz."},{"volume-title":"European Big Data Conference.","author":"Modi Konark","key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","unstructured":"Konark Modi and Josep M. Pujol . 2015. Collecting User's Data in a Socially-Responsible Manner . In European Big Data Conference. Konark Modi and Josep M. Pujol. 2015. Collecting User's Data in a Socially-Responsible Manner. In European Big Data Conference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","unstructured":"Elen Nakashima. 2007. Verizon Says It Turned Over Data Without Court Orders. http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2007\/10\/15\/AR2007101501857_pf.html.  Elen Nakashima. 2007. Verizon Says It Turned Over Data Without Court Orders. http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-dyn\/content\/article\/2007\/10\/15\/AR2007101501857_pf.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","volume-title":"Robust De-anonymization of Large Sparse Datasets. In IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. 111--125","author":"Narayanan Arvind","year":"2008","unstructured":"Arvind Narayanan and Vitaly Shmatikov . 2008 . Robust De-anonymization of Large Sparse Datasets. In IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. 111--125 . Arvind Narayanan and Vitaly Shmatikov. 2008. Robust De-anonymization of Large Sparse Datasets. In IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. 111--125."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","unstructured":"NIST. 2017. NIST Randomness Beacon. https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/programs-projects\/nist-randomness-beacon.  NIST. 2017. NIST Randomness Beacon. https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/programs-projects\/nist-randomness-beacon."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","unstructured":"Andrea Peterson. 2015. Bankrupt RadioShack wants to sell off user data. But the bigger risk is if a Facebook or Google goes bust. https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/the-switch\/wp\/2015\/03\/26\/bankrupt-radioshack-wants-to-sell-off-user-data-but-the-bigger-risk-is-if-a-facebook-or-google-goes-bust\/.  Andrea Peterson. 2015. Bankrupt RadioShack wants to sell off user data. But the bigger risk is if a Facebook or Google goes bust. https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/the-switch\/wp\/2015\/03\/26\/bankrupt-radioshack-wants-to-sell-off-user-data-but-the-bigger-risk-is-if-a-facebook-or-google-goes-bust\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1966806.1966812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","unstructured":"Qinfeng Shi James Petterson Gideon Dror John Langford Alex Smola Alex Strehl and Vishy Vishwanathan. 2009. Hash Kernels. In Artificial Intelligence and Statistics.  Qinfeng Shi James Petterson Gideon Dror John Langford Alex Smola Alex Strehl and Vishy Vishwanathan. 2009. Hash Kernels. In Artificial Intelligence and Statistics."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","volume-title":"Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router. In Usenix Security.","author":"Syverson Paul","year":"2004","unstructured":"Paul Syverson , R Dingledine , and N Mathewson . 2004 . Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router. In Usenix Security. Paul Syverson, R Dingledine, and N Mathewson. 2004. Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router. In Usenix Security."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3338501.3357370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2632522"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","unstructured":"Wikipedia. 2020. List of data breaches. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=List_of_data_breaches&oldid=973158992.  Wikipedia. 2020. List of data breaches. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=List_of_data_breaches&oldid=973158992."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/436\/1\/012020"}],"event":{"name":"CIKM '20: The 29th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web","SIGIR ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval"],"location":"Virtual Event Ireland","acronym":"CIKM '20"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3340531.3412051","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3340531.3412051","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:02:29Z","timestamp":1750197749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3340531.3412051"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3340531.3412051","10.1145\/3340531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3340531.3412051","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}